Probing factors affecting the gas phase stabilities of noncovalent complexes formed by peptides bound to the Grb2 SH2 domain protein

2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 2572 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Isabel Catalina ◽  
Nico J. de Mol ◽  
Marcel J. E. Fischer ◽  
Albert J. R. Heck
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Sh2 Domain ◽  
Noncovalent Complexes ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Domain Protein

Some factors affecting gas phase ore transport

1965 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan L. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Factors affecting the atmospheric occurrence and deposition of polychlorinated biphenyls in the Southern Ocean

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 12029-12041 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Galbán-Malagón ◽  
S. Del Vento ◽  
A. Cabrerizo ◽  
J. Dachs
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Atmospheric Transport ◽  
Austral Summer ◽  
Deposition Flux ◽  
Atmospheric Concentration ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Antarctic Soils

Abstract. Persistent organic pollutants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, reach the Southern Ocean atmosphere through long-range atmospheric transport. In this study we report the largest dataset available for the atmospheric occurrence of PCBs in the Southern Ocean surrounding the Antarctic Peninsula from samples obtained during three cruises in 2005, 2008 and 2009. The gas phase concentrations of total PCBs (Σ25PCBs) ranged from 1 to 70 pg m−3, while the aerosol phase concentrations were significantly lower (0.04 to 0.4 pg m−3). The aerosol phase is enriched in the more hydrophobic congeners consistent with the model predictions of gas-particle partitioning. There is a net air-to-water diffusive flux of PCBs to the Southern Ocean, up to 100 times higher than the dry deposition flux of aerosol-bound PCBs. The air-water disequilibrium is higher for the more hydrophobic congeners consistent with the role of the biological pump removing PCBs from the water column by settling of PCBs bound to organic matter. The atmospheric half-lives of PCB 52 and 180 are of 3.8 and 1 days, respectively, as calculated from the measured atmospheric concentration and depositional fluxes. The volatilization of PCBs from Antarctic soils during the austral summer drives higher gas phase concentrations in the atmosphere over Antarctica during the warmer periods. This temperature dependence is not observed for PCBs over the adjacent Southern Ocean, probably due to the importance of long-range atmospheric transport and atmospheric deposition modulating the atmospheric occurrence of PCBs.

scholarly journals Calcium Release at Fertilization in Starfish Eggs Is Mediated by Phospholipase Cγ

1997 ◽  
Vol 138 (6) ◽  
pp. 1303-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Carroll ◽  
Chodavarapu S. Ramarao ◽  
Lisa M. Mehlmann ◽  
Serge Roche ◽  
Mark Terasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Calcium Release ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Sh2 Domain ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Serotonin 2C Receptor ◽  
Sh2 Domains ◽  
Src Homology 2 ◽  
Src Homology ◽  
Domain Protein

Although inositol trisphosphate (IP3) functions in releasing Ca2+ in eggs at fertilization, it is not known how fertilization activates the phospholipase C that produces IP3. To distinguish between a role for PLCγ, which is activated when its two src homology-2 (SH2) domains bind to an activated tyrosine kinase, and PLCβ, which is activated by a G protein, we injected starfish eggs with a PLCγ SH2 domain fusion protein that inhibits activation of PLCγ. In these eggs, Ca2+ release at fertilization was delayed, or with a high concentration of protein and a low concentration of sperm, completely inhibited. The PLCγSH2 protein is a specific inhibitor of PLCγ in the egg, since it did not inhibit PLCβ activation of Ca2+ release initiated by the serotonin 2c receptor, or activation of Ca2+ release by IP3 injection. Furthermore, injection of a PLCγ SH2 domain protein mutated at its phosphotyrosine binding site, or the SH2 domains of another protein (the phosphatase SHP2), did not inhibit Ca2+ release at fertilization. These results indicate that during fertilization of starfish eggs, activation of phospholipase Cγ by an SH2 domain-mediated process stimulates the production of IP3 that causes intracellular Ca2+ release.

scholarly journals The phosphotyrosine interaction domain of Shc binds an LXNPXY motif on the epidermal growth factor receptor.

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 4403-4409 ◽  
Author(s):  
A G Batzer ◽  
P Blaikie ◽  
K Nelson ◽  
J Schlessinger ◽  
B Margolis
Keyword(s):  
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Sh2 Domain ◽  
Interaction Domain ◽  
Competition Analysis ◽  
Amino Terminal ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Domain Protein

Shc is an SH2 domain protein that is tyrosine phosphorylated in cells stimulated with a variety of growth factors and cytokines. Once phosphorylated, Shc binds the Grb2-Sos complex, leading to Ras activation. Shc can interact with tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins by binding to phosphotyrosine in the context of an NPXpY motif, where pY is a phosphotyrosine. This is an unusual binding site for an SH2 domain protein whose binding specificity is usually controlled by residues carboxy terminal, not amino terminal, to the phosphotyrosine. Recently we identified a second region in Shc, named the phosphotyrosine interaction (PI) domain, and we have found it to be present in a variety of other cellular proteins. In this study we used a dephosphorylation protection assay, competition analysis with phosphotyrosine-containing synthetic peptides, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutants to determine the binding sites of the PI domain of Shc on the EGFR. We demonstrate that the PI domain of Shc binds the LXNPXpY motif that encompasses Y-1148 of the activated EGFR. We conclude that the PI domain imparts to Shc its ability to bind the NPXpY motif.

Corrosion of Superheaters and Reheaters of Pulverized-Coal-Fired Boilers, II

1961 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Cain ◽  
Wharton Nelson
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Corrosion Mechanism ◽  
Fireside Corrosion ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ferritic Alloys ◽  
Tube Metal

This paper deals with studies of high-temperature fireside corrosion of reheater and superheater tubes in pulverized-coal-fired boilers. Factors affecting the temperature range and rate of corrosion by molten complex alkali sulfates are described. The influence of sulfides, produced by reaction of complex sulfates with tube metal, on corrosion rate is discussed. The similarity of coal-ash to oil-ash corrosion mechanism is brought out. Methods for distinguishing liquid phase from gas-phase corrosion on ferritic alloys are presented.

scholarly journals Effects of charge states, charge sites and side chain interactions on conformational preferences of a series of model peptide ions

The Analyst ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (20) ◽  
pp. 6933-6944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunying Xiao ◽  
Lisa M. Pérez ◽  
David H. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Molecular Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Peptide Ions ◽  
Conformational Preference ◽  
Model Peptide ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Conformational Preferences

The factors affecting conformational preference of gas phase peptide ions are investigated by IM-MS and molecular dynamics simulation.

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