Chemical bonding of divalent counterions to linear polyelectrolytes: Theoretical treatment within the counterion condensation theory

2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 1057-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo D. Porasso ◽  
Julio C. Benegas ◽  
Marc A. G. T. van den Hoop ◽  
Sergio Paoletti
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Bonding ◽  
Theoretical Treatment ◽  
Counterion Condensation

Specific Interactions versus Counterion Condensation. 2. Theoretical Treatment within the Counterion Condensation Theory

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1587-1596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Donati ◽  
Julio C. Benegas ◽  
Attilio Cesàro ◽  
Sergio Paoletti
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Treatment ◽  
Specific Interactions ◽  
Counterion Condensation

Radiation-induced surface decomposition

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 368-369
Author(s):  
M. L. Knotek
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Atomic Structure ◽  
Chemical Bonding ◽  
Neutral Species ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Surface Decomposition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Electron And Photon ◽  
Surface Bond

Modern surface analysis is based largely upon the use of ionizing radiation to probe the electronic and atomic structure of the surfaces physical and chemical makeup. In many of these studies the ionizing radiation used as the primary probe is found to induce changes in the structure and makeup of the surface, especially when electrons are employed. A number of techniques employ the phenomenon of radiation induced desorption as a means of probing the nature of the surface bond. These include Electron- and Photon-Stimulated Desorption (ESD and PSD) which measure desorbed ionic and neutral species as they leave the surface after the surface has been excited by some incident ionizing particle. There has recently been a great deal of activity in determining the relationship between the nature of chemical bonding and its susceptibility to radiation damage.

Contrasts of planar defects in reflection electron microscopy

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1004-1005
Author(s):  
Feng Tsai ◽  
J. M. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Theoretical Treatment ◽  
Crystal Surfaces ◽  
Planar Defects ◽  
Surface Steps ◽  
Surface Reconstructions ◽  
Domain Boundaries ◽  
Reflection Electron Microscopy

Reflection electron microscopy (REM) has been used to study surface defects such as surface steps, dislocations emerging on crystal surfaces, and surface reconstructions. However, only a few REM studies have been reported about the planar defects emerging on surfaces. The interaction of planar defects with surfaces may be of considerable practical importance but so far there seems to be only one relatively simple theoretical treatment of the REM contrast and very little experimental evidence to support its predications. Recently, intersections of both 90° and 180° ferroelectric domain boundaries with BaTiO3 crystal surfaces have been investigated by Tsai and Cowley with REM.The REM observations of several planar defects, such as stacking faults and domain boundaries have been continued by the present authors. All REM observations are performed on a JEM-2000FX transmission electron microscope. The sample preparations may be seen somewhere else. In REM, the incident electron beam strikes the surface of a crystal with a small glancing angle.

FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS ON THE CALCULATIONS OF SECRETION RATES. A CORRECTION

1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Laumas ◽  
J. F. Tait ◽  
S. A. S. Tait
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Compartmental Model ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Urinary Metabolite ◽  
Theoretical Treatment ◽  
Basic Equations ◽  
Special Circumstances ◽  
Secretion Rates

ABSTRACT Reconsideration of the question of the validity of the calculations of the secretion rates from the specificity activity of a urinary metabolite after the single injection of a radioactive hormone has led us to conclude that the basic equations used in a previous theoretical treatment are not generally applicable to the nonisotopic steady state if the radioactive steroid and hormone are introduced into the same compartment. If this is so, in a two compartmental model with metabolism occurring in both pools, it is now shown that the calculation (S = R — τ) is rigorously valid if certain precautions are taken. This is in contrast to the previous treatment which concluded (in certain special circumstances) that the calculation might not be correct. However, if the hormone is secreted in both compartments and the radioactive steroid is injected into only one, then the calculation (S = R — τ) may not be correct in certain circumstances as was previously concluded (Laumas et al. 1961).

scholarly journals Contributions of mechanical bonding and chemical bonding to high-temperature hermeticity of glass-to-metal compression seals

2021 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 109579
Author(s):  
Kangjia Hu ◽  
Shenhou Li ◽  
Zhichun Fan ◽  
He Yan ◽  
Xuewei Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Chemical Bonding ◽  
Mechanical Bonding
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