Determination of anionic detergents in sewage, sewage effluents and river waters

The Analyst ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 80 (948) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Longwell ◽  
W. D. Maniece
Keyword(s):  
River Waters ◽  
Sewage Effluents ◽  
Anionic Detergents

Spectrophotometric determination of phosphate in river waters with molybdate and malachite green

The Analyst ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 108 (1284) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoji Motomizu ◽  
Toshiaki Wakimoto ◽  
Kyoji Tôei
Keyword(s):  
Malachite Green ◽  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
River Waters

Determination of the aluminium complexing capacity of fulvic acids and natural waters, with examples from five New Zealand rivers

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Hawke ◽  
KJ Powell ◽  
JE Gregor
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Complexation Capacity ◽  
Complexing Capacity ◽  
Definition Of

An FIA technique with 7 s reaction time was used to analyse free plus labile Al in fulvic acid (FA) solutions and natural waters at pH 4.7, without the need for separation procedures. Titrations of these solutions using incremental pH or total Al were used to determine pH binding curves or estimates of the 'kinetic' Al complexation capacity (Al-CCk) respectively. The operational definition of Al-CCk relates to the capacity of a humic substance or natural water to bind Al through a 7-s FIA reaction time under defined experimental conditions of chromophore (CAS) concentration, ionic strength, and pH. Both Al binding strength and complexation capacity were greater than the corresponding Cu-CC (ISE) values. The Al-CCk measurements at pH 4.7 were 710 μmol Al g-1 v. 590 μmol Cu g-1. Al-CCk results (pH 4.7) were higher for soil FA (710 μmol g-1) than for aquatic FA (390 μmol g-1). Al-CCk results (pH 4.7) for five unfiltered river waters from different catchments gave results in the range 6.5-9.8 μmol Al L-1. The differences between total (natural) Al in the samples and Al-CCk were between 2.7 μM and 8.6 μM. Filtration experiments identified fractionation patterns between total (natural) Al and the fraction of Al-CCk not utilized. The Al titration of alginate, another component of natural organic matter, is reported.

scholarly journals Determination of bromide, chloride, fluoride, nitrate and sulphate by ion chromatography: comparisons of methodologies for rainfall, cloud water and river waters at the Plynlimon catchments of mid-Wales

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 294-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Neal ◽  
C. Neal ◽  
H. Wickham ◽  
S. Harman
Keyword(s):  
Ion Chromatography ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Cloud Water ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Stream Waters

Abstract. The results of determination of bromide, chloride, fluoride, nitrate and sulphate using ion chromatography (IC) are compared with those obtained by colorimetric and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICPOES) for rainfall, cloud water and stream waters in the Plynlimon experimental catchments of mid-Wales. For bromide, the concentrations determined by IC are lower than those for the colorimetric method used; the colorimetric method probably determined bromide plus organo-bromine compounds. It is suggested that the values determined by the colorimetric method be termed dissolved labile bromine (DLBr). The study shows that sulphate is the overriding form of sulphur in the waters. For chloride and nitrate, measurements by both methods approach a 1:1 relationship that is barely statistically significantly different from unity. For fluoride, the IC method gives lower values than the colorimetric, especially for the stream waters. However, the colorimetric method determines total fluorine so that a difference is to be expected (for example, fluoride strongly complexes with aluminium that is present, especially in the streamwater).

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