In‐situ study of the solid–solid phase transitions occurring in real diesel wax crystalline systems using differential scanning calorimetry and high‐resolution synchrotron X‐ray powder diffraction

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2385-2392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. Craig ◽  
Gerard P. Hastie ◽  
Kevin J. Roberts ◽  
John N. Sherwood ◽  
Robert D. Tack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Situ Study

scholarly journals Formamidinium iodide: crystal structure and phase transitions

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey A. Petrov ◽  
Eugene A. Goodilin ◽  
Alexey B. Tarasov ◽  
Vladimir A. Lazarenko ◽  
Pavel V. Dorovatovskii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Monoclinic Space Group ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Polymorphic Modifications ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Physicochemical Methods ◽  
Hydrogen Bonded

At a temperature of 100 K, CH5N2+·I−(I), crystallizes in the monoclinic space groupP21/c. The formamidinium cation adopts a planar symmetrical structure [the r.m.s. deviation is 0.002 Å, and the C—N bond lengths are 1.301 (7) and 1.309 (8) Å]. The iodide anion does not lie within the cation plane, but deviates from it by 0.643 (10) Å. The cation and anion ofIform a tight ionic pair by a strong N—H...I hydrogen bond. In the crystal ofI, the tight ionic pairs form hydrogen-bonded zigzag-like chains propagating toward [20-1]viastrong N—H...I hydrogen bonds. The hydrogen-bonded chains are further packed in stacks along [100]. The thermal behaviour ofIwas studied by different physicochemical methods (thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry and powder diffraction). Differential scanning calorimetry revealed three narrow endothermic peaks at 346, 387 and 525 K, and one broad endothermic peak at ∼605 K. The first and second peaks are related to solid–solid phase transitions, while the third and fourth peaks are attributed to the melting and decomposition ofI. The enthalpies of the phase transitions at 346 and 387 K are estimated as 2.60 and 2.75 kJ mol−1, respectively. The X-ray powder diffraction data collected at different temperatures indicate the existence ofIas the monoclinic (100–346 K), orthorhombic (346–387 K) and cubic (387–525 K) polymorphic modifications.

Crystallization of Bulk Zr48Nb8Cu14Ni12Be18Metallic Glass

2000 ◽  
Vol 644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.X. Zhuang ◽  
L. Gerward ◽  
J.Z. Jiang ◽  
J.S. Olsen ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray

AbstractThe crystallization of bulk Zr48Nb8Cu14Ni12Be18metallic glass has been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction. The activation energies of glass transition and crystallization for the glass obtained using Kissinger analysis from the shift of the peak temperature in the DSC curve are 470 and 235 kJ/mol, respectively. The effect of applied pressure on crystallization is studied by in situ high-pressure and high-temperature X-ray powder diffraction using synchrotron radiation. It is found that the crystallization temperature increases with pressure having a slope of 9.5 K/GPa in the range of 0-4.4 GPa.

An in situ study of the formation of multiferroic bismuth ferrite using high resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (13) ◽  
pp. 2567-2572 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Thrall ◽  
R. Freer ◽  
C. Martin ◽  
F. Azough ◽  
B. Patterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Bismuth Ferrite ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Situ Study

Applications of High-Resolution Powder X-Ray Diffraction

2007 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew N. Fitch
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structural Characterisation ◽  
Pdf Analysis

The highly-collimated, intense X-rays produced by a synchrotron radiation source can be harnessed to build high-resolution powder diffraction instruments with a wide variety of applications. The general advantages of using synchrotron radiation for powder diffraction are discussed and illustrated with reference to the structural characterisation of crystalline materials, atomic PDF analysis, in-situ and high-throughput studies where the structure is evolving between successive scans, and the measurement of residual strain in engineering components.

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