Cyanide determination in biological fluids using a microdiffusion method with a flow system and polarographic detection

The Analyst ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 1151-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo C. do Nascimento ◽  
Denise Bohrer
Keyword(s):  
Flow System ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Polarographic Detection

Automated Differentiation and Measurement of Hexosaminidase Isoenzymes in Biological Fluids and Its Application to Preand Postnatal Detection of Tay—Sachs Disease

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Salfer ◽  
George W Parkhurst ◽  
June Amoroso
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Normal Activity ◽  
Tay Sachs Disease ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Diethylaminoethyl Cellulose ◽  
Ph Inactivation ◽  
Isoenzyme Patterns

Abstract Three hexosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.52) isoenzymes other than isoenzymes A and B in body fluids have been separated by chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose. By inserting a microcolumn into a continuous-flow system for automated, fluorometric hexosaminidase analysis [Clin. Chem. 20, 538 (1974)], samples eluted with buffered-NaCl gradients can be continuously monitored. Isoenzyme patterns were obtained for fluids from normal individuals, pregnant women, Tay—Sachs disease carriers, pregnant carriers, and patients with the disease. These chromatograms revealed a hitherto undetected isoenzyme (I3) in serum. An increase in serum hexosaminidase isoenzyme I2(or P) during pregnancy is characteristic of a carrier pattern. Our data show that serum and urinary hexosaminidase isoenzyme patterns may be used in addition to leukocyte analysis, to distinguish a pregnant carrier from a normal pregnant woman. All fluids tested demonstrated no isoenzyme A activity and above-normal activity of isoenzymes B and (or) I2 in homozygotes. Urine is preferred fluid for postnatal and amniotic fluid for the prenatal diagnosis of the disease. Quantitative data on isoenzyme A obtained with the procedure described here agree well with those obtained by heatand pH-inactivation methods.

Purification of Urokinase from Complex Mixtures Using Immobilized Monoclonal Antibody Against Urokinase Light Chain

1983 ◽  
Vol 49 (01) ◽  
pp. 024-027 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Vetterlein ◽  
Gary J Calton
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Light Chain ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Single Step ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Commercial Preparation ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tissue Culture Media

SummaryThe preparation of a monoclonal antibody (MAB) against high molecular weight (HMW) urokinase light chain (20,000 Mr) is described. This MAB was immobilized and the resulting immunosorbent was used to isolate urokinase starting with an impure commercial preparation, fresh urine, spent tissue culture media, or E. coli broth without preliminary dialysis or concentration steps. Monospecific antibodies appear to provide a rapid single step method of purifying urokinase, in high yield, from a variety of biological fluids.

The Measurement of Heparin and Other Therapeutic Sufphated Polysaccharides in Plasma, Serum and Urine

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (03) ◽  
pp. 630-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Dawes ◽  
C V Prowse ◽  
D D Pepper
Keyword(s):  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Anticoagulant Activity ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Heparin Therapy ◽  
Competitive Binding Assay ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Activity Measurements ◽  
Heparin Activity ◽  
Dose Dependent

SummaryThe competitive binding assay described will specifically and accurately measure concentrations of administered heparin in biological fluids with a sensitivity of 60 ng ml-1. Neither endogenous glycosaminoglycans, nor plasma proteins such as ATIII and PF4 interfere in the assay. Semi-synthetic highly sulphated heparinoids and LMW heparin can also be measured. Using this assay heparin clearance followed simple first-order kinetics over the dose range 100-5,000 units, but the half-life was strongly dose-dependent. There was good correlation with heparin activity measurements by APTT and anti-Xa clotting assays. Plasma concentrations were measurable for at least 5 h following subcutaneous injection of 10,000 units of heparin. Excretion in the urine could be followed after all but the lowest intravenous dose. This assay, used in conjunction with measurements of heparin anticoagulant activity, will be valuable in the elucidation of mechanisms of action of heparin and the heparinoids, and in the assessment and management of problems related to heparin therapy.

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