scholarly journals Functional genomics of human brain development and implications for autism spectrum disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. e665-e665 ◽  
Author(s):  
M N Ziats ◽  
L P Grosvenor ◽  
O M Rennert
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Functional Genomics ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Human Brain Development ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Imaging Evidence for Pathological Brain Development in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Autism ◽  
2008 ◽  
pp. 361-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Dager ◽  
Seth D. Friedman ◽  
Helen Petropoulos ◽  
Dennis W.W. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

scholarly journals Sleep, brain development, and autism spectrum disorders: Insights from animal models

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1137-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Wintler ◽  
Hannah Schoch ◽  
Marcos G. Frank ◽  
Lucia Peixoto
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Roles of ASD-Associated Variants in Human Brain Development

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 535
Author(s):  
Yujin Kim ◽  
Joon-Yong An
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Regulatory Variants ◽  
Human Brain Development ◽  
Early Brain Development ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Transcriptional regulation of the genome arguably provides the basis for the anatomical elaboration and dynamic operation of the human brain. It logically follows that genetic variations affecting gene transcription contribute to mental health disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A number of recent studies have shown the role of de novo variants (DNVs) in disrupting early neurodevelopment. However, there is limited knowledge concerning the role of inherited variants during the early brain development of ASD. In this study, we investigate the role of rare inherited variations in neurodevelopment. We conducted co-expression network analyses using an anatomically comprehensive atlas of the developing human brain and examined whether rare coding and regulatory variants, identified from our genetic screening of Australian families with ASD, work in different spatio-temporal functions.

scholarly journals Role of a circadian-relevant gene NR1D1 in brain development: possible involvement in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahide Goto ◽  
Makoto Mizuno ◽  
Ayumi Matsumoto ◽  
Zhiliang Yang ◽  
Eriko F. Jimbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Relevant Gene

scholarly journals Assessment of behavioral, morphological and electrophysiological changes in prenatal and postnatal valproate induced rat models of autism spectrum disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarine Fereshetyan ◽  
Vergine Chavushyan ◽  
Margarita Danielyan ◽  
Konstantin Yenkoyan
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Core Symptoms ◽  
The Brain

AbstractAutism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders, that are characterized by core symptoms, such as alterations of social communication and restrictive or repetitive behavior. The etiology and pathophysiology of disease is still unknown, however, there is a strong interaction between genetic and environmental factors. An intriguing point in autism research is identification the vulnerable time periods of brain development that lack compensatory homeostatic corrections. Valproic acid (VPA) is an antiepileptic drug with a pronounced teratogenic effect associated with a high risk of ASD, and its administration to rats during the gestation is used for autism modeling. It has been hypothesized that valproate induced damage and functional alterations of autism target structures may occur and evolve during early postnatal life. Here, we used prenatal and postnatal administrations of VPA to investigate the main behavioral features which are associated with autism spectrum disorders core symptoms were tested in early juvenile and adult rats. Neuroanatomical lesion of autism target structures and electrophysiological studies in specific neural circuits. Our results showed that prenatal and early postnatal administration of valproate led to the behavioral alterations that were similar to ASD. Postnatally treated group showed tendency to normalize in adulthood. We found pronounced structural changes in the brain target regions of prenatally VPA-treated groups, and an absence of abnormalities in postnatally VPA-treated groups, which confirmed the different severity of VPA across different stages of brain development. The results of this study clearly show time dependent effect of VPA on neurodevelopment, which might be explained by temporal differences of brain regions’ development process. Presumably, postnatal administration of valproate leads to the dysfunction of synaptic networks that is recovered during the lifespan, due to the brain plasticity and compensatory ability of circuit refinement. Therefore, investigations of compensatory homeostatic mechanisms activated after VPA administration and directed to eliminate the defects in postnatal brain, may elucidate strategies to improve the course of disease.

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