scholarly journals Nuclear relocation of Kss1 contributes to the specificity of the mating response

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Pelet
Keyword(s):  
Mating Response ◽  
Nuclear Relocation

scholarly journals Fitness Costs of Chlorantraniliprole Resistance Related to the SeNPF Overexpression in the Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 5027
Author(s):  
Changwei Gong ◽  
Xinge Yao ◽  
Qunfang Yang ◽  
Xuegui Wang ◽  
Yuming Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Ryanodine Receptors ◽  
Oviposition Rate ◽  
Fitness Cost ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Mating Response ◽  
Transmembrane Segments ◽  
High Level ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Spodopteraexigua, a multifeeding insect pest, has developed a high level of resistance to chlorantraniliprole, which is a benzoylurea insecticide that targets the ryanodine receptors (RyRs). Herein, the resistant strain (SE-Sel) and sensitive strain (SE-Sus) were obtained by bidirectional screening for six generations. The potential oviposited eggs and oviposition rate of the SE-Sel strain were dramatically lower than those of the SE-Sus strain; on the contrary, the weights of prepupae and preadult were significantly increased. As a post-mating response, the higher number of non-oviposited eggs in the SE-Sel strain was caused by a lower mating rate. In addition, the expression levels of vitellogenin (SeVg) and its receptor (SeVgR) in the SE-Sel strain were consistently lower than those in the SE-Sus strain. An RyRI4743M mutation, contributing to the resistance to chlorantraniliprole, was located in the S3 transmembrane segments and might have affected the release of calcium ions; it led to the upregulated expression of the neuropeptide SeNPF and its receptor SeNPFR, and the mating and oviposition rate were significantly recovered when the SeNPF was knocked down though RNA interference (RNAi) in the male adult of the SE-Sel strain. Moreover, the expression of the juvenile hormone-binding proteins SeJHBWDS3 and SeJHBAN in the male adult of the SE-Sel strain was significantly decreased, which proved the existence of a fitness cost from another angle. Therefore, these results indicate that the fitness cost accompanied by chlorantraniliprole resistance in S. exigua may be related to the decrease in mating desire due to SeNPF overexpression.

Observations on the Mating Behaviour of the Crab Hole Mosquito Deinocerites cancer (Diptera: Culicidae)

1966 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
pp. 1169-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Downes
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Chemical Stimulus ◽  
Strong Response ◽  
Mating Response ◽  
Auditory Response

AbstractIn Deinocerites, an aberrant offshoot of Culex, the larvae live in water in deep crab holes and the adults also are often found in the burrow. The males have elongate non-plumose antennae and specialized front claws, and often rest on the surface film. In observation cages the males associate with pupae (of either sex) at the surface of the water, hold them lightly with the claws and sense the pupal horns (spiracles) with their antennae. The male perceives the pupa at 1–2 cm. An emerging female elicits a strong response from males up to 15 cm. away; the males fight for possession and mating may be established before the female has fully emerged. The pupal skin continues to attract for several minutes thereafter. Emergence of the adult male was not successfully observed. Probably both pupal attendance and mating response depend on a chemical stimulus, which appears to be non-specific.The males also make slow exploratory flights near the cage walls, and a mating response may be elicited when their legs touch a resting insect. The response is made to either sex (perhaps more readily to the female) and again is non-specific. The two mating processes are presumably reinforcing, and both seem well adapted to the natural habitat provided the lack of specificity is tolerable.Several other mosquitoes, all of slow flight and restricted habitat, make similar irregular flights and mate on contact with resting females. Probably this behaviour represents the last phase of mating in more strongly flying (swarming) species, after the sexes are brought together by the auditory response mediated by the plumose antennae. In some mosquitoes the two patterns of behaviour coexist. Assembly at a swarm-marker and recognition in flight must be less necessary in non-dispersing forms in confined habitats, and most of all in Deinocerites. Several other crab hole mosquitoes show convergence or analogies with Deinocerites.The association with the pupa and the related attraction to the female at emergence find a parallel only in Opifex fuscus; but in Opifex these processes depend not on a chemical stimulus but mainly on vision, as befits an inhabitant of open sunlit pools.

Intravaginal SC-9880-progesterone treatments in the synchronization of oestrus in cyclic sheep

1971 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Gordon ◽  
P. G. Maher
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Additional Dose ◽  
Mating Response ◽  
Natural Service

SUMMARYThe mating response and lambing outcome in fifty-three sheep was studied after treatment with intravaginal sponges during October (normal breeding season). Bach pessary carried a dose of 30 mg ‘Cronolone’ (9α-fluoro-11β-hydroxy-17α-acetoxyprogesterone; SC-9880, G. D. Searle) in finely dispersed form and was inserted for 14 days. Half the number of pessaries carried an additional dose of 400 mg progesterone. Breeding was by natural service, using 10% rams. Ninety per cent of the fifty ewes bred immediately after treatment conceived; the average number of lambs/conception was 1·9. Sheep treated with ‘Cronolone’/progesterone pessaries showed a marginal and non-significant advantage over those treated with ‘Cronolone’. The application was effective in ensuring the birth of most lambs (87% of total) within a period of 1 week.

scholarly journals Functional Analysis of TraA, the Sex Pheromone Receptor Encoded by pPD1, in a Promoter Region Essential for the Mating Response in Enterococcus faecalis

2002 ◽  
Vol 184 (22) ◽  
pp. 6343-6350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaaki Horii ◽  
Hiromichi Nagasawa ◽  
Jiro Nakayama
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Intergenic Region ◽  
Recipient Cell ◽  
Donor Cell ◽  
Northern Analysis ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Transcriptional Initiation ◽  
Mating Response ◽  
Gel Mobility Shift

ABSTRACT Conjugative transfer of a bacteriocin plasmid, pPD1, of Enterococcus faecalis is induced in response to a peptide sex pheromone, cPD1, secreted from plasmid-free recipient cells. cPD1 is taken up by a pPD1 donor cell and binds to an intracellular receptor, TraA. Once a recipient cell acquires pPD1, it starts to produce an inhibitor of cPD1, termed iPD1, which functions as a TraA antagonist and blocks self-induction in donor cells. In this study, we discuss how TraA transduces the signal of cPD1 to the mating response. Gel mobility shift assays indicated that TraA is bound to a traA-ipd intergenic region, which is essential for cPD1 response. DNase I footprinting analysis suggested the presence of one strong (tab1) and two weak (tab2 and tab3) TraA-binding sites in the intergenic region. Primer extension analysis implied that the transcriptional initiation sites of traA and ipd were located in the intergenic region. Northern analysis showed that cPD1 upregulated and downregulated transcription of ipd and traA, respectively. The circular permutation assay showed that TraA bent a DNA fragment corresponding to the tab1 region, and its angle was changed in the presence of cPD1 or iPD1. From these data, we propose a model that TraA changes the conformation of the tab1 region in response to cPD1 and upregulates the transcription of ipd, which may lead to expression of genes required for the mating response.

SATB1 regulates β-like globin genes through matrix related nuclear relocation of the cluster

2009 ◽  
Vol 383 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Gong ◽  
Zhao Wang ◽  
Guo-wei Zhao ◽  
Xiang Lv ◽  
Gong-hong Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Globin Genes ◽  
Nuclear Relocation

scholarly journals Pheromone-Induced G2 Arrest in the Phytopathogenic Fungus Ustilago maydis

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 494-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana García-Muse ◽  
Gero Steinberg ◽  
José Pérez-Martín
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Ustilago Maydis ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Microtubule Organization ◽  
Mating Response ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Synthetic Pheromone ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Corn Smut

ABSTRACT In the corn smut fungus Ustilago maydis, pathogenic development is initiated when two compatible haploid cells fuse and form the infectious dikaryon. Mating is dependent on pheromone recognition by compatible cells. In this report, we set out to evaluate the relationship between the cell cycle and the pheromone response in U. maydis. To achieve this, we designed a haploid pheromone-responsive strain that is able to faithfully reproduce the native mating response in nutrient-rich medium. Addition of synthetic pheromone to the responsive strain induces the formation of mating structures, and this response is abolished by mutations in genes encoding components of the pheromone signal transduction cascade. After recognition of pheromone, U. maydis cells arrest the cell cycle in a postreplicative stage. Visualization of the nucleus and microtubule organization indicates that the arrest takes place at the G2 phase. Chemical-induced cell cycle arrest and release in the presence of pheromone further support this conclusion.

scholarly journals A pAD1-Encoded Small RNA Molecule, mD, Negatively Regulates Enterococcus faecalis Pheromone Response by Enhancing Transcription Termination

2000 ◽  
Vol 182 (4) ◽  
pp. 1062-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruyoshi Tomita ◽  
Don B. Clewell
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Structural Genes ◽  
Pheromone Response ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Mating Response ◽  
Aggregation Substance ◽  
Transcriptional Termination ◽  
Inhibitor Peptide ◽  
A Site ◽  
Direction Opposite

ABSTRACT pAD1 is a 60-kb hemolysin-bacteriocin plasmid in Enterococcus faecalis that encodes a conjugative mating response to a peptide sex pheromone, cAD1, secreted by plasmid-free bacteria. The pheromone response is regulated by two proteins: TraE1, which positively regulates all or most conjugative structural genes, and TraA, which negatively regulates traE1. TraA binds to pAD1 DNA at theiad (encoding the inhibitor peptide iAD1) promoter but is released upon binding to imported pheromone. This leads to enhanced transcription through two closely spaced downstream terminators (t1 and t2) into traE1. TraE1 is believed to then upregulate itself from a site located within t2; thus, a small amount of transcription through t1-t2 could lead to overall induction. It is important therefore that the t1-t2 terminators be tightly controlled to keep the response shut down in the absence of pheromone. A small (200-nucleotide) RNA molecule designated mD is encoded just upstream of t1 by a determinant (traD) oriented in the direction opposite to that of transcripts utilizing t1. mD is expressed at high levels in the uninduced state, but it decreases significantly upon induction. Here we present results of genetic studies relating to the activity of t1-t2 and show that mD strongly enhances transcriptional termination at t1. The mD activity is shown to influence transcription well downstream and can affect the determinant for aggregation substance asa1. The phenomenon is specific in that there is no effect of mD on the unrelated pheromone-responding plasmids pPD1 and pCF10.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document