Reducing luminance intensity can improve motion perception in noise

AbstractPrevious literature suggests a relationship between individual characteristics of motion perception and the peak frequency of motion sickness sensitivity. Here, we used well-established paradigms to relate motion perception and motion sickness on an individual level. We recruited 23 participants to complete a two-part experiment. In the first part, we determined individual velocity storage time constants from perceived rotation in response to Earth Vertical Axis Rotation (EVAR) and subjective vertical time constants from perceived tilt in response to centrifugation. The cross-over frequency for resolution of the gravito-inertial ambiguity was derived from our data using the Multi Sensory Observer Model (MSOM). In the second part of the experiment, we determined individual motion sickness frequency responses. Participants were exposed to 30-minute sinusoidal fore-aft motions at frequencies of 0.15, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 Hz, with a peak amplitude of 2 m/s2 in five separate sessions, approximately 1 week apart. Sickness responses were recorded using both the MIsery SCale (MISC) with 30 s intervals, and the Motion Sickness Assessment Questionnaire (MSAQ) at the end of the motion exposure. The average velocity storage and subjective vertical time constants were 17.2 s (STD = 6.8 s) and 9.2 s (STD = 7.17 s). The average cross-over frequency was 0.21 Hz (STD = 0.10 Hz). At the group level, there was no significant effect of frequency on motion sickness. However, considerable individual variability was observed in frequency sensitivities, with some participants being particularly sensitive to the lowest frequencies, whereas others were most sensitive to intermediate or higher frequencies. The frequency of peak sensitivity did not correlate with the velocity storage time constant (r = 0.32, p = 0.26) or the subjective vertical time constant (r = − 0.37, p = 0.29). Our prediction of a significant correlation between cross-over frequency and frequency sensitivity was not confirmed (r = 0.26, p = 0.44). However, we did observe a strong positive correlation between the subjective vertical time constant and general motion sickness sensitivity (r = 0.74, p = 0.0006). We conclude that frequency sensitivity is best considered a property unique to the individual. This has important consequences for existing models of motion sickness, which were fitted to group averaged sensitivities. The correlation between the subjective vertical time constant and motion sickness sensitivity supports the importance of verticality perception during exposure to translational sickness stimuli.

Download Full-text

Motion perception as a risk factor for motor vehicle collision involvement in drivers ≥ 70 years

Accident Analysis & Prevention ◽

10.1016/j.aap.2020.105956 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 151 ◽

pp. 105956

Author(s):

Thomas A. Swain ◽

Gerald McGwin ◽

Joanne M. Wood ◽

Cynthia Owsley

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Motion Perception ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Motor Vehicle Collision ◽

Vehicle Collision

Download Full-text

Sensitized rotatory motion perception and increased susceptibility to motion sickness in vestibular migraine‐ a cross‐sectional study

European Journal of Neurology ◽

10.1111/ene.14889 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sebastian Wurthmann ◽

Steffen Naegel ◽

Miriam Roesner ◽

Michael Nsaka ◽

Armin Scheffler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Motion Sickness ◽

Motion Perception ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vestibular Migraine ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rotatory Motion ◽

Increased Susceptibility

Download Full-text

Derealization and motion-perception related to repeated exposure to 3T Magnetic Resonance Image scanner in healthy adults

Journal of Vestibular Research ◽

10.3233/ves-201577 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Sergio Martínez-Gallardo ◽

José A. Miguel-Puga ◽

Davis Cooper-Bribiesca ◽

Adolfo M. Bronstein ◽

Kathrine Jáuregui-Renaud

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Motion Perception ◽

State Anxiety ◽

Random Order ◽

Vestibular Stimulation ◽

Psychological Effects ◽

Psychological Reactions ◽

Exposure Effect ◽

Individual Susceptibility ◽

Magnetic Exposure

BACKGROUND: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanning can induce psychological effects. No studies have investigated the role of magnetic vestibular stimulation (MVS) in 3TMRI scanner-induced psychological reactions. OBJECTIVE: To assess depersonalization/derealization(DD), state anxiety and motion-perception in a 3TMRI scanner, acutely and long-term. PARTICIPANTS: 48 healthcare professionals and students were included, after preliminary rejection of claustrophobes and neuro-otology and psychiatry assessments. PROCEDURES: Participants completed questionnaires on personal habits, dissociation, anxiety/depression and motion sickness susceptibility. Validated DD and state anxiety questionnaires were administered before and after magnetic exposure twice, entering the bore head and feet first in random order, one week apart. During the following week, dizziness/disorientation was reported daily. One month later, 11 subjects repeated the procedure to assess reproducibility. RESULTS: Considerable individual susceptibility was observed, circa 40% of the subjects reported self-motion perception related to the exposure, with variable increase on DD symptoms. Multivariate analysis showed that DD scores after any exposure were influenced by entering the bore “feet first”, motion-perception, and the mean sleep hours/week (MANCOVA, R = 0.58, p = 0.00001). There was no clear effect of scanner exposure on state anxiety, which was related to trait anxiey but not to DD scores. During repeated exposures, about half of all subjects re-entering the scan reported motion-perception, but DD or anxiety symptoms were not consistent. CONCLUSION: Psychological effects during 3TMRI scanning result from multiple, interacting factors, including novelty of the procedure (first-exposure effect), motion-perception due to MVS, head/body orientation, sleeping habits and individual susceptibility. Forewarning subjects of these predisposing factors may increase tolerance to MRI scanning.

Download Full-text

Disruption of self-motion perception without vestibular reflex alteration in ménière’s disease

Journal of Vestibular Research ◽

10.3233/ves-201520 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Mario Faralli ◽

Michele Ori ◽

Giampietro Ricci ◽

Mauro Roscini ◽

Roberto Panichi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Motion Perception ◽

Meniere’S Disease ◽

Menière’S Disease ◽

Whole Body ◽

Meniere's Disease ◽

Ménière’S Disease ◽

Menière's Disease ◽

Ocular Reflex ◽

Ménière's Disease ◽

Self Motion

BACKGROUND: Self-motion misperception has been observed in vestibular patients during asymmetric body oscillations. This misperception is correlated with the patient’s vestibular discomfort. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether or not self-motion misperception persists in post-ictal patients with Ménière’s disease (MD). METHODS: Twenty-eight MD patients were investigated while in the post-ictal interval. Self-motion perception was studied by examining the displacement of a memorized visual target after sequences of opposite directed fast-slow asymmetric whole body rotations in the dark. The difference in target representation was analyzed and correlated with the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) score. The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and clinical tests for ocular reflex were also evaluated. RESULTS: All MD patients showed a noticeable difference in target representation after asymmetric rotation depending on the direction of the fast/slow rotations. This side difference suggests disruption of motion perception. The DHI score was correlated with the amount of motion misperception. In contrast, VOR and clinical trials were altered in only half of these patients. CONCLUSIONS: Asymmetric rotation reveals disruption of self-motion perception in MD patients during the post-ictal interval, even in the absence of ocular reflex impairment. Motion misperception may cause persistent vestibular discomfort in these patients.

Download Full-text