scholarly journals The importance of pollen chemistry in evolutionary host shifts of bees

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryse Vanderplanck ◽  
Nicolas J. Vereecken ◽  
Laurent Grumiau ◽  
Fabiana Esposito ◽  
Georges Lognay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Shifts ◽  
Pollen Chemistry

scholarly journals Cophylogeny of the anther smut fungi and their caryophyllaceous hosts: Prevalence of host shifts and importance of delimiting parasite species for inferring cospeciation

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guislaine Refrégier ◽  
Mickaël Le Gac ◽  
Florian Jabbour ◽  
Alex Widmer ◽  
Jacqui A Shykoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Species ◽  
Smut Fungi ◽  
Host Shifts ◽  
Anther Smut

scholarly journals Evolution of genomes, host shifts and the geographic spread of SARS-CoV and related coronaviruses

Cladistics ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Janies ◽  
Farhat Habib ◽  
Boyan Alexandrov ◽  
Andrew Hill ◽  
Diego Pol
Keyword(s):  
Host Shifts ◽  
Geographic Spread ◽  
Evolution Of Genomes

scholarly journals Parallel evolution of behaviour during independent host-shifts following maize introduction into Asia and Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 881-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Calcagno ◽  
Clémentine Mitoyen ◽  
Philippe Audiot ◽  
Sergine Ponsard ◽  
Gui-Zhen Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parallel Evolution ◽  
Host Shifts

scholarly journals Rapid divergence in independent aspects of the compatibility phenotype in the Spiroplasma/Drosophila interaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne S. Griffin ◽  
Michael Gerth ◽  
Gregory D. D. Hurst
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Host Species ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Host Shift ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
New Host ◽  
Host Shifts ◽  
Species Pairs ◽  
Novel Host ◽  
Rapid Divergence

AbstractHeritable symbionts represent important components of host biology, both as antagonistic reproductive parasites and as beneficial protective partners. An important component of heritable microbes’ biology is their ability to establish in new host species, a process equivalent to a host shift for an infectiously transmitted parasite or pathogen. For a host shift to occur, the symbiont must be compatible with the host: it must not cause excess pathology, must have good vertical transmission, and possess a drive phenotype that enables spread. Classically, compatibility has been considered a declining function of genetic distance between novel and ancestral host species. Here we investigate the evolutionary lability of compatibility to heritable microbes by comparing the capacity for a symbiont to establish in two novel host species equally related to the ancestral host. Compatibility of the protective Spiroplasma from D. hydei with D. simulans and D. melanogaster was tested. The Spiroplasma had contrasting compatibility in these two host species. The transinfection showed pathology and low vertical transmission in D. melanogaster but was asymptomatic and transmitted with high efficiency in D. simulans. These results were not affected by the presence/absence of Wolbachia in either of the two species. The pattern of protection was not congruent with that for pathology/transmission, with protection being weaker in the D. simulans, the host in which Spiroplasma was asymptomatic and transmitted well. Further work indicated pathological interactions occurred in D. sechellia and D. yakuba, indicating that D. simulans was unusual in being able to carry the symbiont without damage. The differing compatibility of the symbiont with these closely related host species emphasises first the rapidity with which host-symbiont compatibility evolves despite compatibility itself not being subject to direct selection, and second the independence of the different components of compatibility (pathology, transmission, protection). This requirement to fit three different independently evolving aspects of compatibility, if commonly observed, is likely to be a major feature limiting the rate of host shifts. Moving forward, the variation between sibling species pairs observed above provides an opportunity to identify the mechanisms behind variable compatibility between closely related host species, which will drive hypotheses as to the evolutionary drivers of compatibility variation.

scholarly journals Evidence for Multiple Recent Host Species Shifts among the Ranaviruses (Family Iridoviridae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 2636-2647 ◽  
Author(s):  
James K. Jancovich ◽  
Michel Bremont ◽  
Jeffrey W. Touchman ◽  
Bertram L. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Fish Pathogen ◽  
Necrosis Virus ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Host Shifts ◽  
Fish Virus ◽  
New Hosts ◽  
Australian Fish ◽  
Species Shifts

ABSTRACT Members of the genus Ranavirus (family Iridoviridae) have been recognized as major viral pathogens of cold-blooded vertebrates. Ranaviruses have been associated with amphibians, fish, and reptiles. At this time, the relationships between ranavirus species are still unclear. Previous studies suggested that ranaviruses from salamanders are more closely related to ranaviruses from fish than they are to ranaviruses from other amphibians, such as frogs. Therefore, to gain a better understanding of the relationships among ranavirus isolates, the genome of epizootic hematopoietic necrosis virus (EHNV), an Australian fish pathogen, was sequenced. Our findings suggest that the ancestral ranavirus was a fish virus and that several recent host shifts have taken place, with subsequent speciation of viruses in their new hosts. The data suggesting several recent host shifts among ranavirus species increase concern that these pathogens of cold-blooded vertebrates may have the capacity to cross numerous poikilothermic species barriers and the potential to cause devastating disease in their new hosts.

scholarly journals Supersuppression: Reservoir Competency and Timing of Mosquito Host Shifts Combine to Reduce Spillover of West Nile Virus

2016 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 1174-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca S. Levine ◽  
David L. Hedeen ◽  
Donal Bisanzio ◽  
Joseph R. McMillan ◽  
Berry J. Brosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Host Shifts
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