scholarly journals Placebo Intervention Enhances Reward Learning in Healthy Individuals

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsolt Turi ◽  
Matthias Mittner ◽  
Walter Paulus ◽  
Andrea Antal
Keyword(s):  
Reward Learning ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Placebo Intervention

scholarly journals Data from ‘Placebo Enhances Reward Learning in Healthy Individuals’

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsolt Turi ◽  
Sophie Alexandra Schäfer ◽  
Andrea Antal ◽  
Walter Paulus ◽  
Matthias Mittner
Keyword(s):  
Reward Learning ◽  
Healthy Individuals

scholarly journals Effect of green tea on reward learning in healthy individuals: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiangye Zhang ◽  
Hongchao Yang ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Aiwu Li ◽  
Wentong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Reward Learning ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo

Morphological and elemental analysis of isolated incubated frog retina-choroid

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 298-299
Author(s):  
B. J. Panessa-Warren ◽  
J. B. Warren ◽  
H. W. Kraner
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Human Retina ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Frog Retina ◽  
Isolated Retina ◽  
Vertebrate Eye ◽  
Retina Pigment Epithelium

Our previous studies have demonstrated that abnormally high amounts of calcium (Ca) and zinc (Zn) can be accumulated in human retina-choroid under pathological conditions and that barium (Ba), which was not detected in the eyes of healthy individuals, is deposited in the retina pigment epithelium (RPE), and to a lesser extent in the sensory retina and iris. In an attempt to understand how these cations can be accumulated in the vertebrate eye, a morphological and microanalytical study of the uptake and loss of specific cations (K, Ca,Ba,Zn) was undertaken with incubated Rana catesbiana isolated retina and RPE preparations. Large frogs (650-800 gms) were dark adapted, guillotined and their eyes enucleated in deep ruby light. The eyes were hemisected behind the ora serrata and the anterior portion of the eye removed. The eyecup was bisected along the plane of the optic disc and the two segments of retina peeled away from the RPE and incubated.

Qualitative and quantitative assessment of nailfold capillaries by capillaroscopy in healthy volunteers

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoerth ◽  
Kundi ◽  
Katzenschlager ◽  
Hirschl
Keyword(s):  
Scoring System ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Connective Tissue Diseases ◽  
Capillary Density ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Extreme Position ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Diffuse Loss ◽  
Density Results

Background: Nailfold capillaroscopy (NVC) is a diagnostic tool particularly useful in the differential diagnosis of rheumatic and connective tissue diseases. Although successfully applied since many years, little is known about prevalence and distribution of NVC changes in healthy individuals. Probands and methods: NVC was performed in 120 individuals (57 men and 63 women; age 18 to 70 years) randomly selected according to predefined age and sex strata. Diseases associated with NVC changes were excluded. The nailfolds of eight fingers were assessed according to standardized procedures. A scoring system was developed based on the distribution of the number of morphologically deviating capillaries, microhaemorrhages, and capillary density. Results: Only 18 individuals (15 %) had no deviation in morphology, haemorrhages, or capillary density on any finger. Overall 67 % had morphological changes, 48 % had microhaemorrhages, and 40 % of volunteers below 40 years of age and 18 % above age 40 had less than 8 capillaries/mm. Among morphological changes tortous (43 %), ramified (47 %), and bushy capillaries (27 %) were the most frequently altered capillary types. A semiquantitative scoring system was developed in such a way that a score above 1 indicates an extreme position (above the 90th percentile) in the distribution of scores among healthy individuals. Conclusions: Altered capillaries occur frequently among healthy individuals and should be interpreted as normal unless a suspicious increase in their frequency is determined by reference to the scoring system. Megacapillaries and diffuse loss of capillaries were not found and seem to be of specific diagnostic value.

A role for neurogenesis in probabilistic reward learning.

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-295
Author(s):  
Désirée R. Seib ◽  
Delane F. Espinueva ◽  
Stan B. Floresco ◽  
Jason S. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Reward Learning
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document