scholarly journals Pore-scale dynamics of enzyme adsorption, swelling and reactive dissolution determine sugar yield in hemicellulose hydrolysis for biofuel production

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajal Kanti Dutta ◽  
Saikat Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Pore Scale ◽  
Enzyme Adsorption ◽  
Hemicellulose Hydrolysis ◽  
Reactive Dissolution

scholarly journals Sono-Assisted Alkali and Dilute Acid Pretreatment of Phragmites karka (Tall Reed Grass) to Enhance Enzymatic Digestibility for Bioethanol Conversion

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabeela Beevi Ummalyma ◽  
Dinabandhu Sahoo ◽  
Anoop Pudiyamadam ◽  
Velayudhanpillai Prasannakumari Adarsh ◽  
Rajeev K. Sukumaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Dilute Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Dilute Acid ◽  
Alkali Pretreatment ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Phragmites Karka

Phragmites is the tallest energy crop found as an invasive species worldwide and considered as waste biomass. The present study evaluated the potential of the aquatic biomass Phragmites karka grown from two different lakes as feedstock for biofuel production. A comparative study of biomass was conducted from Chilika Lake and Loktak Lake, India. The methodology involves dilute acid, sono-assisted alkali pretreatment, and hydrolyzed biomass with commercial cellulase. SEM, XRD, and FTIR analysis were performed for the biomass physicochemical studies and confirmed that alterations occurred in the biomass structure, assisting the hydrolysis process. The enzymatic hydrolysis result showed that the highest of reducing sugar yield of 79% was obtained from biomass loading of 10% and 1% w/v alkali with a sonication frequency of 20 kHz for 25 min. Acid pretreatment released maximal reducing sugar yield of 73% attained from biomass loading of 20% and 0.5% w/v acid. Composition analysis of biomass showed that cellulose content increased from 36% to 46%. Sono-assisted alkali pretreatment solubilized 40% of lignin content compared to untreated biomass. Final ethanol recovery from the biomass is 78% fermentation efficiency from glucose. The data indicate that exploiting tall reed grass as a bioenergy raw material can be a viable approach for sustainable utilization of invasive grass/waste biomass for biorefineries, which helps control invasive weeds and management of waste.

Effects of Particle Size on Biomass Pretreatment for Biofuel Production

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Mingman Sun ◽  
Timothy Deines ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Biomass Pretreatment ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Biomass Structure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Biomass Particle Size

Abstract Biofuel production needs to be more efficient than its current status to increase its competitiveness. The multistep biofuel production is consisted of processes on biomass preprocessing and bioconversion stages. As a crucial parameter, biomass particle size has significant effects on both stages. It is essential to have an insightful understanding of the effects of particle size on sugar yield. Although numerous studies have been performed to meet this objective, there is no commonly accepted guideline on how to select particle size. One possible reason for this gap is the effects of particle size vary when different biomass pretreatment methods are employed. In this study, an assessment on the relationship between particle size and sugar yield was performed for four pretreatment methods. Three particle sizes (1, 4, and 8 mm) of corn stover and switchgrass biomass were used in supercritical CO2, dilute acid (H2SO4), dilute alkaline (Na2CO3), and metal oxide (MgO) pretreatments. Biomass compositional analyses were conducted before and after each pretreatment. Pretreatment solid recovery and sugar recovery rates were calculated. Enzymatic hydrolysis sugar yield and efficiency were used to evaluate the performance of hydrolysis and total sugar yield was used to interpret how much sugar a unit dry weight of biomass (before pretreatment) can yield through pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis combined. It was found that particle size was a weak indicator of enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency. There was little value in reducing particle size below 8 mm in order to overcome the resistance imposed by biomass structure on cellulose and xylan hydrolysis.

scholarly journals One-Step or Two-Step Acid/Alkaline Pretreatments to Improve Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Sugar Recovery from Arundo Donax L.

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 948
Author(s):  
Shangyuan Tang ◽  
Yushen Cao ◽  
Chunming Xu ◽  
Yue Wu ◽  
Lingci Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Ferric Chloride ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Arundo Donax ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Alkaline Pretreatment ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Morphological Modification ◽  
Arundo Donax L

Energy crops are not easily converted by microorganisms because of their recalcitrance. This necessitates a pretreatment to improve their biodigestibility. The effects of different pretreatments, as well as their combination on the enzymatic digestibility of Arundo donax L. were systematically investigated to evaluate its potential for bioconversion. Dilute alkaline pretreatment (ALP) using 1.2% NaOH at 120 °C for 30 min resulted in the highest reducing sugar yield in the enzymatic hydrolysis process because of its strong delignification and morphological modification, while ferric chloride pretreatment (FP) was effective in removing hemicellulose and recovering soluble sugars in the pretreatment stage. Furthermore, an efficient two-step ferric chloride-alkaline pretreatment (FALP) was successfully developed. In the first FP step, easily degradable cellulosic components, especially hemicellulose, were dissolved and then effectively recovered as soluble sugars. Subsequently, the FP sample was further treated in the second ALP step to remove lignin to enhance the enzymatic hydrolysis of the hardly degradable cellulose. As a result, the integrated two-step process obtained the highest total sugar yield of 420.4 mg/g raw stalk in the whole pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis process; hence, the process is a valuable candidate for biofuel production.

Supercritical CO2 Pretreatment of Cellulosic Biomass for Biofuel Production: Effects of Biomass Particle Size

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Timothy Deines ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Donghai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Size Reduction ◽  
Cellulosic Biomass ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Particle Size Reduction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Biomass Particle Size

Biofuel derived from cellulosic biomass is a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based fuel. Pretreatment is an essential step in biofuel production because it accounts for more than 20% of the inputs. Furthermore, particle size reduction as a preprocessing step prior to pretreatment exerts a substantial impact on all following processes. Many studies have investigated the effects of biomass particle size on sugar yield after conventional pretreatments of biomass such as alkaline and dilute acid pretreatments. The similar trends have shown that smaller biomass particle size results in higher sugar yield. Supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) pretreatment has been applied at 1450 psi, 120 °C for 30 mins in this study as a pretreatment method for biofuel production from cellulosic biomass. As a recyclable green-chemistry method, SC-CO2 pretreatment offers many advantages such as no toxic chemicals added and low-cost input. The objective of this study is to understand the effects of particle size on sugar yield after SC-CO2 pretreatment. Three particle size: 1 mm, 2 mm, and 4 mm were used for size reduction of corn stover. Ethanol and water were used as co-solvents to enhance SC-CO2 pretreatment. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed and it is found that, after SC-CO2 pretreatment, the sugar yields differ significantly between 1 mm and 2 mm, 1 mm and 4 mm. In contrast, there is no significant difference between 2 mm and 4 mm after SC-CO2 pretreatment. 1 mm particle produced the highest sugar yield of 0.115 g glucose per 1 g of dry biomass which is 16.62% and 10.39% higher than the 4 mm and 2 mm corn stover biomass produced.

scholarly journals Optimization of Enzymatic Saccharification of Alkali Pretreated Parthenium sp. Using Response Surface Methodology

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Pandiyan ◽  
Rameshwar Tiwari ◽  
Surender Singh ◽  
Pawan K. S. Nain ◽  
Sarika Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Alkali Pretreatment ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Saccharification Yield ◽  
Noxious Weed ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Good Agreement

Parthenium sp. is a noxious weed which threatens the environment and biodiversity due to its rapid invasion. This lignocellulosic weed was investigated for its potential in biofuel production by subjecting it to mild alkali pretreatment followed by enzymatic saccharification which resulted in significant amount of fermentable sugar yield (76.6%). Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis variables such as temperature, pH, enzyme, and substrate loading was carried out using central composite design (CCD) in response to surface methodology (RSM) to achieve the maximum saccharification yield. Data obtained from RSM was validated using ANOVA. After the optimization process, a model was proposed with predicted value of 80.08% saccharification yield under optimum conditions which was confirmed by the experimental value of 85.80%. This illustrated a good agreement between predicted and experimental response (saccharification yield). The saccharification yield was enhanced by enzyme loading and reduced by temperature and substrate loading. This study reveals that under optimized condition, sugar yield was significantly increased which was higher than earlier reports and promises the use of Parthenium sp. biomass as a feedstock for bioethanol production.

NUMERICAL STUDY FOR THAILAND: MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF PRODUCTION AND LOGISTIC PLANNING FOR SUGARCANES USED IN BIOFUEL PRODUCTION

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pancheewa Benjamasutin ◽  
◽  
Ponthong Rijana ◽  
Phongchayont Srisuwan ◽  
Aussadavut Dumrongsiri
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Logistic Planning

Pore-Scale Experimental Study of Boiling in Porous Media

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul SAPIN ◽  
Paul Duru ◽  
Florian Fichot ◽  
Marc Prat ◽  
Michel Quintard
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Pore Scale

PORE-SCALE SIMULATION OF ICE MELTING PROCESS IN POROUS MEDIA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pu He ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Yu-Tong Mu ◽  
Wen-Quan Tao
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Melting Process ◽  
Pore Scale ◽  
Ice Melting

USE OF NORTHERN ECOTYPE SOYBEANS FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
SERGEY N. DEVYANIN ◽  
◽  
VLADIMIR A. MARKOV ◽  
ALEKSANDR G. LEVSHIN ◽  
TAMARA P. KOBOZEVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Oil Productivity ◽  
Toxic Components

The paper presents the results of long-term research on the oil productivity and chemical composition of soybean oil of the Northern ecotype varieties in the Central Non-Black Earth Region. The authors consider its possible use for biodiesel production. Experiments on growing soybeans were carried out on the experimental fi eld of Russian State Agrarian University –Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (2008-2019) on recognized ultra-early ripening varieties of the Northern ecotype Mageva, Svetlaya, Okskaya (ripeness group 000). Tests were set and the research results were analyzed using standard approved methods. It has been shown that in conditions of high latitudes (57°N), limited thermal resources of the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia (the sum of active temperatures of the growing season not exceeding 2000°С), the yield and productivity of soybeans depend on the variety and moisture supply. Over the years, the average yield of soybeans amounted to 1.94 … 2.62 t/ha, oil productivity – 388 … 544 kg/ha, oil content – 19…20%, the content of oleic and linoleic fatty acids in oil – 60%, and their output from seeds harvested – 300 kg/ha. It has been established that as soybean oil and diesel fuel have similar properties,they can be mixed by conventional methods in any proportions and form stable blends that can be stored for a long time. Experimental studies on the use of soybean oil for biodiesel production were carried out on a D-245 diesel engine (4 ChN11/12.5). The concentrations of toxic components (CO, CHx, and NOx) in the diesel exhaust gases were determined using the SAE-7532 gas analyzer. The smoke content of the exhaust gases was measured with an MK-3 Hartridge opacimeter. It has been experimentally established that the transfer of a diesel engine from diesel fuel to a blend of 80% diesel fuel and 20% lubrication oil leads to a change in the integral emissions per test cycle: nitrogen oxides in 0.81 times, carbon monoxide in 0.89 times and unburned hydrocarbons in 0.91 times, i.e. when biodiesel as used as a motor fuel in a serial diesel engine, emissions of all gaseous toxic components are reduced. The study has confi rmed the expediency of using soybeans of the Northern ecotype for biofuel production.

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