scholarly journals Serotonergic Modulation Differentially Targets Distinct Network Elements within the Antennal Lobe of Drosophila melanogaster

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler R. Sizemore ◽  
Andrew M. Dacks
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Antennal Lobe ◽  
Serotonergic Modulation

scholarly journals Serotonergic modulation of visual neurons in Drosophila melanogaster

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e1009003
Author(s):  
Maureen M. Sampson ◽  
Katherine M. Myers Gschweng ◽  
Ben J. Hardcastle ◽  
Shivan L. Bonanno ◽  
Tyler R. Sizemore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Visual Neurons ◽  
Serotonergic Modulation

scholarly journals Z4-11Al mediates olfactory attraction and courtship in Drosophila melanogaster

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Borrero-Echeverry ◽  
Marit Solum ◽  
Federica Trona ◽  
Erika A. Wallin ◽  
Marie Bengtsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Antennal Lobe ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Olfactory Communication ◽  
Social Signals ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Upwind Flight ◽  
Female Pheromone

Specific mate communication and recognition underlies reproduction and hence speciation. Mate communication evolves during adaptation to ecological niches and makes use of social signals and habitat cues. Our study provides new insights in Drosophila melanogaster premating olfactory communication, showing that female pheromone Z4-11Al and male pheromone cVA interact with food odour in a sex-specific manner. Furthermore, Z4-11Al, which mediates upwind flight attraction in both sexes, also elicits courtship in experienced males. Twin variants of the olfactory receptor Or69a are co-expressed in the same olfactory sensory neurons, and feed into the same glomerulus in the antennal lobe. Female pheromone Z4-11Al is perceived via Or69aB, while the food odorant (R)-linalool is a main ligand for the other variant, Or69aA. That Z4-11Al mediates courtship in experienced males, not (R)-linalool, is probably due to courtship learning. Behavioural discrimination is reflected by calcium imaging of the antennal lobe, showing distinct glomerular activation patterns by these two compounds. Male sex pheromone cVA is known to affect male and female courtship at close range, but does not elicit upwind flight attraction as a single compound, in to contrast to Z4-11Al. A blend of cVA and the food odour vinegar attracted females, while a blend of female pheromone Z4-11Al and vinegar attracted males instead. Sex-specific upwind flight attraction to blends of food volatiles and male and female pheromone, respectively, adds a new element to Drosophila olfactory premating communication and is an unambiguous paradigm for identifying the behaviourally active components, towards a more complete concept of food-pheromone odour objects.

Olfactory Microcircuits in Drosophila Melanogaster

2017 ◽  
pp. 361-368
Author(s):  
Jürgen Rybak ◽  
Bill S. Hansson
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Mushroom Body ◽  
Antennal Lobe ◽  
Odorant Receptor ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Order Processing ◽  
Vinegar Fly ◽  
Maxillary Palps

In the vinegar fly (Drosophila melanogaster), the neuronal pathway that processes olfactory information is organized into multiple layers: a peripheral set of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs); the primary olfactory center, or antennal lobe (AL); and two second-order neuropils, the mushroom body (MB) and lateral horn (LH). Odorants are detected by the dendrites of OSNs housed in sensilla on the maxillary palps and antennae. The OSN axons converge onto spherical synaptic neuropil within the AL termed glomeruli. OSNs that express the same odorant receptor project to the same glomerulus in a one-to-one fashion, forming discrete olfactory pathways. In the AL, a network of local interneurons (LNs) and projection neurons (PNs) contribute to the first-order processing within the glomeruli. Two types of PNs constitute the principal, parallel output pathways made by PN axons that end in the second-order neuropils of the MB and LH: uniglomerular PNs (uPNs) and multiglomerular PNs (mPNs).

scholarly journals Functional integration of a serotonergic neuron in the Drosophila antennal lobe

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaonan Zhang ◽  
Quentin Gaudry
Keyword(s):  
Antennal Lobe ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Serotonergic Neurons ◽  
Olfactory Responses ◽  
Local Circuits ◽  
Opposing Effects ◽  
Serotonergic Modulation

Serotonin plays a critical role in regulating many behaviors that rely on olfaction and recently there has been great effort in determining how this molecule functions in vivo. However, it remains unknown how serotonergic neurons that innervate the first olfactory relay respond to odor stimulation and how they integrate synaptically into local circuits. We examined the sole pair of serotonergic neurons that innervates the Drosophila antennal lobe (the first olfactory relay) to characterize their physiology, connectivity, and contribution to pheromone processing. We report that nearly all odors inhibit these cells, likely through connections made reciprocally within the antennal lobe. Pharmacological and immunohistochemical analyses reveal that these neurons likely release acetylcholine in addition to serotonin and that exogenous and endogenous serotonin have opposing effects on olfactory responses. Finally, we show that activation of the entire serotonergic network, as opposed to only activation of those fibers innervating the antennal lobe, may be required for persistent serotonergic modulation of pheromone responses in the antennal lobe.

scholarly journals Drosophila Olfaction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quentin Gaudry ◽  
Jonathan Schenk
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Antennal Lobe ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Model System ◽  
Sensory Coding ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Olfactory Systems ◽  
Endogenous Proteins ◽  
The Brain

Olfactory systems are tasked with converting the chemical environment into electrical signals that the brain can use to optimize behaviors such as navigating towards resources, finding mates, or avoiding danger. Drosophila melanogaster has long served as a model system for several attributes of olfaction. Such features include sensory coding, development, and the attempt to link sensory perception to behavior. The strength of Drosophila as a model system for neurobiology lies in the myriad of genetic tools made available to the experimentalist, and equally importantly, the numerical reduction in cell numbers within the olfactory circuit. Modern techniques have recently made it possible to target nearly all cell types in the antennal lobe to directly monitor their physiological activity or to alter their expression of endogenous proteins or transgenes.

scholarly journals orco mutagenesis causes loss of antennal lobe glomeruli and impaired social behavior in ants

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waring Trible ◽  
Ni-Chen Chang ◽  
Benjamin J Matthews ◽  
Sean K McKenzie ◽  
Leonora Olivos-Cisneros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Antennal Lobe ◽  
Social Cues ◽  
Odorant Receptors ◽  
Receptor Function ◽  
Ant Colonies ◽  
Olfactory Processing ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
Pheromone Perception

Life inside ant colonies is orchestrated with a diverse set of pheromones, but it is not clear how ants perceive these social cues. It has been proposed that pheromone perception in ants evolved via expansions in the numbers of odorant receptors (ORs) and antennal lobe glomeruli. Here we generate the first mutant lines in ants by disrupting orco, a gene required for the function of all ORs. We find that orco mutants exhibit severe deficiencies in social behavior and fitness, suggesting that they are unable to perceive pheromones. Surprisingly, unlike in Drosophila melanogaster, orco mutant ants also lack most of the approximately 500 antennal lobe glomeruli found in wild-types. These results illustrate that ORs are essential for ant social organization, and raise the possibility that, similar to mammals, receptor function is required for the development and/or maintenance of the highly complex olfactory processing areas in the ant brain.

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