scholarly journals Erratum: Erratum: Map-based Cloning and Characterization of the BPH18 Gene from Wild Rice Conferring Resistance to Brown Planthopper (BPH) Insect Pest

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeonso Ji ◽  
Sung-Ryul Kim ◽  
Yul-Ho Kim ◽  
Jung-Pil Suh ◽  
Hyang-Mi Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Rice ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Brown Planthopper

scholarly journals Map-based Cloning and Characterization of the BPH18 Gene from Wild Rice Conferring Resistance to Brown Planthopper (BPH) Insect Pest

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeonso Ji ◽  
Sung-Ryul Kim ◽  
Yul-Ho Kim ◽  
Jung-Pil Suh ◽  
Hyang-Mi Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Rice ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Introgression Line ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Gus Expression ◽  
Complementation Test ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Wild Rice Species

Abstract Brown planthopper (BPH) is a phloem sap-sucking insect pest of rice which causes severe yield loss. We cloned the BPH18 gene from the BPH-resistant introgression line derived from the wild rice species Oryza australiensis. Map-based cloning and complementation test revealed that the BPH18 encodes CC-NBS-NBS-LRR protein. BPH18 has two NBS domains, unlike the typical NBS-LRR proteins. The BPH18 promoter::GUS transgenic plants exhibited strong GUS expression in the vascular bundles of the leaf sheath, especially in phloem cells where the BPH attacks. The BPH18 proteins were widely localized to the endo-membranes in a cell, including the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network, and prevacuolar compartments, suggesting that BPH18 may recognize the BPH invasion at endo-membranes in phloem cells. Whole genome sequencing of the near-isogenic lines (NILs), NIL-BPH18 and NIL-BPH26, revealed that BPH18 located at the same locus of BPH26. However, these two genes have remarkable sequence differences and the independent NILs showed differential BPH resistance with different expression patterns of plant defense-related genes, indicating that BPH18 and BPH26 are functionally different alleles. These findings would facilitate elucidation of the molecular mechanism of BPH resistance and the identified novel alleles to fast track breeding BPH resistant rice cultivars.

Molecular characterization of insulin‐like peptides in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.‐H. Xue ◽  
Y.‐L. Liu ◽  
Y.‐Q. Jiang ◽  
S.‐F. He ◽  
Q.‐Q. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens

scholarly journals Transcriptomic and proteomic responses to herbivory in cultivated, Bt-transgenic and wild rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongbo Liu ◽  
Weiqing Wang ◽  
Yonghua Li ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Weijuan Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Rice ◽  
Wild Rice ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Kegg Pathways ◽  
Itraq Analysis ◽  
Go Terms

Abstract Background: Strategies are still employed to decrease insect damage in crop production, including conventional breeding with wild germplasm resources and transgenic technology with the insertion of foreign genes, while the insect-resistant mechanism of these strategies remains unclear. Results: Under the feeding of brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens), cultivated rice (WT) showed less DEGs (568) and DAPs (4) than transgenic rice (2098 and 11) and wild rice CL (1990 and 39) and DX (1932 and 25). Hierarchical cluster of DEGs showed gene expression of CL and DX were similar, slightly distinct to GT, and clearly different from WT. DEGs assigned to the GO terms were less in WT rice than GT, CL and DX, and “Metabolic process”, “cellular process”, “response to stimulus” were dominant. Wild rice CL significantly enriched in KEGG pathways of “Metabolic pathways”, “biosynthesis of secondary metabolites”, “plant-pathogen interaction” and “plant hormone signal transduction”. The iTRAQ analysis confirmed the results of RNA-seq, which showing the least GO terms and KEGG pathways responding to herbivory in the cultivated rice. Synthesize conclusions: This study demonstrated that similarity in the transcriptomic and proteomic response to herbivory for the wild rice and Bt-transgenic rice, while cultivated rice lack of enough pathways in response to herbivory. Our results highlighted the importance of conservation of crop wild species.

scholarly journals Seleksi Berbasis Marka Molekuler pada Padi Generasi F2 Guna Merakit Galur Padi Harapan Tahan Wereng Coklat

Agrikultura ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nono Carsono ◽  
Gigih Ibnu Prayoga ◽  
Neni Rostini ◽  
Danar Dono
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
F2 Progeny ◽  
Simple Sequence

ABSTRACTMolecular Marker-based Selection on F2 Progeny for Development of Promising Rice Lines Resistant to Brown PlanthopperBrown planthopper (BPH) is the major insect pest of rice and accounts for significant yield loss. This experiment was aimed to develop BC1F1 and F3 brown planthopper resistant rice lines. Selection on the basis of SSR markers can be done by using two polymorphic SSR markers, i.e., RM586 dan RM8213, which screened from eight SSR markers for BPH resistant. Sixty-three F2 genotypes from IP-1 (derived from IR-64 x PTB-33) population and twenty F2 genotypes from PP-11 (derived from Pandan Wangi x PTB-33) population were selected and will be used for further research by selfed and backcrossed to recipient parents. Chi-squares test for segregation of DNA bands in F2 generation showed that RM8213 fitted with 1:2:1 Mendelian ratio for controlling photosynthetic rates and trichomes length in IP-1 population. This information could be used in programs to develop a durable brown planthopper resistant rice cultivar.Keywords: BPH, F2 population, Moleculer marker, SSRABSTRAKWereng coklat merupakan salah satu hama utama pada tanaman padi yang mampu menurunkan produksi padi secara nyata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh galur-galur padi F2 yang memiliki marka-marka yang berasosisasi dengan ketahanannya terhadap wereng coklat. Seleksi pada galur padi F2 hasil persilangan telah dilakukan melalui teknik marka molekuler Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) menggunakan dua marka SSR yang menunjukkan polimorphisme yaitu RM586 dan RM8213 dari delapan marka yang diskrining. Sebanyak 63 genotip dari populasi IP-1 (hasil persilangan IR-64 x PTB-33) dan 20 genotip dari populasi PP-11 (hasil persilangan Pandan Wangi x PTB-33) untuk disilangkan sendiri maupun disilang balik dengan tetua recipient. Selain itu, hasil analisis Chi-Kuadrat untuk segregasi pita DNA menunjukkan bahwa primer RM8213 memiliki rasio 1:2:1 (dominasi tidak sempurna) dalam mengontrol karakter laju fotosintesis dan panjang trikoma terhadap wereng coklat pada populasi IP-1. Informasi yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini nantinya dapat digunakan untuk program perakitan kultivar padi tahan wereng coklat yang durable.Kata Kunci: Marka molekuler, Populasi F2, SSR, Wereng coklat

scholarly journals A Way Forward to Combat Insect Pest in Rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
MP Ali ◽  
B Nessa ◽  
MT Khatun ◽  
MU Salam ◽  
MS Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Management Options

The damage caused by insect pest is the continual factor for the reduction of rice production. To date, 232 rice insect pest species are identified in Bangladesh and more than 100 species of insects are considered pests in rice production systems globally, but only about 20 - 33 species can cause significant economic loss. The major goal of this study is to explore all the possible ways of developed and proposed technologies for rice insect pests management and minimize economic losses. Insect pests cause 20% average yield loss in Asia where more than 90% of the world's rice is produced. In Bangladesh, outbreak of several insects such as rice hispa, leafroller, gallmidge, stem borers and brown planthopper (BPH) occurs as severe forms. Based on previous reports, yield loss can reach upto 62% in an outbreak situation due to hispa infestation. However, BPH can cause 44% yield loss in severe infestested field. To overcome the outbreaks in odd years and to keep the loss upto 5%, it is necessary to take some preventive measures such as planting of resistant or tolerant variety, stop insecticide spraying at early establishment of rice, establish early warning and forecasting system, avoid cultivation of susceptible variety and following crop rotation. Subsequent quick management options such as insecticidal treatment for specific insect pest should also be broadcasted through variety of information systems. Advanced genomic tool can be used to develop genetically modified insect and plants for sustainable pest management. In addition, to stipulate farmers not use insecticides at early crop stgae and minimize general annualized loss, some interventions including training rice farmers, regular field monitoring, digitalization in correct insect pests identification and their management (example; BRRI rice doctor mobile app), and demonstration in farmers field. Each technology itself solely or combination of two or more or all the packages can combat the insect pests, save natural enemies, harvest expected yield and contribute to safe food production in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Rice J. 25 (1) : 1-22, 2021

scholarly journals Repellency Mechanism of Natural Guar Gum-Based Film Incorporated with Citral against Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 758
Author(s):  
Xiubing Gao ◽  
Xianfeng Hu ◽  
Feixu Mo ◽  
Yi Ding ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Odorant Receptor ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Or Gene

Using of plant essential oil that coevolved as a defense mechanism against agriculture insects is an alternative means of controlling many insect pests. In order to repel brown planthoppers (BPHs), the most notorious rice insect pest, a new film based on guar gum incorporated with citral (GC film) was formulated, which was effective while being environmentally friendly. In this paper, the effect and mechanism of GC film repellency against BPHs were determined. Repellent activity test and olfactory reaction analysis showed that GC film had repellency effect against BPHs, with repellency of 60.00% and 73.93%, respectively. The result of olfactory reaction indicated that GC film repellency against BPHs relied on smell. EPG analysis showed the proportion and mean duration of np waveform were significantly higher than in CK and increased following the treatment concentration, which indicated that GC film affected the recognition of BPHs to rice. Further analysis by RNA sequencing analysis showed a total of 679 genes were significantly upregulated and 284 genes were significantly downregulated in the BPHs fed on the rice sprayed with GC film compared to control. Odorant-binding protein (OBP) gene 797 and gustatory receptor gene (GR)/odorant receptor (OR) gene 13110 showed a significant decrease in differential expression and significant increase in differential expression, respectively. There were 0.66 and 2.55 differential expression multiples between treated BPHs and control, respectively. According to the results described above, we reasoned that GC film repellency against BPHs due to smell, by release of citral, caused the recognition difficulties for BPHs to rice, and OBP gene 797 and GR/OR gene 13110 appeared to be the crucial candidate genes for GC film repellency against BPHs. The present study depicted a clear and consistent repellency effect for GC film against BPHs and preliminarily clarified the mechanism of GC film as a repellent against BPHs, which might offer an alternative approach for control of BPHs in the near future. Our results could also help in the development and improvement of GC films.

scholarly journals Mapping of Resistance Genes to Brown Planthopper in Untup Rajab, an Indonesian Local Rice Variety

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Muhamad Yunus ◽  
Diani Damayanti ◽  
Ahmad Dadang ◽  
Ahmad Warsun ◽  
Dani Satyawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Quantitative Resistance ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Chromosome 8 ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Test Population

<p>Brown planthopper (BPH) is a major rice pest in Indonesia. The most economical and effective approach to control the insect pest is by using resistant varieties. Exploring for resistance genes is, therefore, a prerequisite for effective breeding program for BPH resistance. This study aimed to map BPH resistance genes in Untup Rajab, an Indonesian local rice variety. Genetic map was constructed using an F2 population from a cross between TN-1 and Untup Rajab, and SNP markers from RiceLD SNP Chip. Phenotyping was performed using bulk seedling test on F2:3 seedlings against two BPH populations, i.e. X1 and S1. Four QTLs<br />were identified on chromosomes 5, 6, 8, and 11 with PVE values of 7.63%, 9.40%, 17.66%, and 3.05%, respectively. Relatively normal distribution of resistance phenotype and the relatively low PVE values indicate that Untup Rajab has a quantitative resistance to BPH with two different resistance loci identified for each BPH test population. The QTL on chromosome 8 overlaps with OsHI-LOX gene, which is associated with resistance to BPH, and adjacent to another QTL for resistance to green leafhopper. The QTL on chromosome 6 was found near OsPLDα4 and OsPLDα5 genes which are related to BPH resistance. Meanwhile, the QTL intervals on chromosome 5 and 11 did not overlap with any known BPH QTLs or genes, which make them attractive candidates for novel BPH resistance gene discovery.</p>

scholarly journals Rickettsia felis Infection in a Common Household Insect Pest, Liposcelis bostrychophila (Psocoptera: Liposcelidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 2280-2285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adi Behar ◽  
Laurie J. McCormick ◽  
Steve J. Perlman
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
Rickettsia Felis ◽  
Liposcelis Bostrychophila ◽  
The One

ABSTRACT Many species of Rickettsia are well-known mammalian pathogens transmitted by blood-feeding arthropods. However, molecular surveys are continually uncovering novel Rickettsia species, often in unexpected hosts, including many arthropods that do not feed on blood. This study reports a systematic molecular characterization of a Rickettsia infecting the psocid Liposcelis bostrychophila (Psocoptera: Liposcelidae), a common and cosmopolitan household pest. Surprisingly, the psocid Rickettsia is shown to be Rickettsia felis, a human pathogen transmitted by fleas that causes serious morbidity and occasional mortality. The plasmid from the psocid R. felis was sequenced and was found to be virtually identical to the one in R. felis from fleas. As Liposcelis insects are often intimately associated with humans and other vertebrates, it is speculated that they acquired R. felis from fleas. Whether the R. felis in psocids causes disease in vertebrates is not known and warrants further study.

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