scholarly journals Erratum: Corrigendum: A Direct Method to Extract Transient Sub-Gap Density of State (DOS) Based on Dual Gate Pulse Spectroscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzhi Dai ◽  
Karim Khan ◽  
Shengnan Zhang ◽  
Kemin Jiang ◽  
Xingye Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Method ◽  
Density Of State ◽  
Gate Pulse ◽  
Dual Gate ◽  
Pulse Spectroscopy ◽  
A Direct Method

scholarly journals A Direct Method to Extract Transient Sub-Gap Density of State (DOS) Based on Dual Gate Pulse Spectroscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzhi Dai ◽  
Karim Khan ◽  
Shengnan Zhang ◽  
Kemin Jiang ◽  
Xingye Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Gate Pulse ◽  
Dual Gate ◽  
Pulse Spectroscopy ◽  
A Direct Method ◽  
Peak Value

Abstract Sub-gap density of states (DOS) is a key parameter to impact the electrical characteristics of semiconductor materials-based transistors in integrated circuits. Previously, spectroscopy methodologies for DOS extractions include the static methods, temperature dependent spectroscopy and photonic spectroscopy. However, they might involve lots of assumptions, calculations, temperature or optical impacts into the intrinsic distribution of DOS along the bandgap of the materials. A direct and simpler method is developed to extract the DOS distribution from amorphous oxide-based thin-film transistors (TFTs) based on Dual gate pulse spectroscopy (GPS), introducing less extrinsic factors such as temperature and laborious numerical mathematical analysis than conventional methods. From this direct measurement, the sub-gap DOS distribution shows a peak value on the band-gap edge and in the order of 1017–1021/(cm3·eV), which is consistent with the previous results. The results could be described with the model involving both Gaussian and exponential components. This tool is useful as a diagnostics for the electrical properties of oxide materials and this study will benefit their modeling and improvement of the electrical properties and thus broaden their applications.

scholarly journals Plastic waste to fuels by hydrocracking at mild conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (17) ◽  
pp. eabf8283
Author(s):  
Sibao Liu ◽  
Pavel A. Kots ◽  
Brandon C. Vance ◽  
Andrew Danielson ◽  
Dionisios G. Vlachos
Keyword(s):  
Direct Method ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Tandem Catalysis ◽  
Hy Zeolite ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Initial Activation ◽  
A Direct Method

Single-use plastics impose an enormous environmental threat, but their recycling, especially of polyolefins, has been proven challenging. We report a direct method to selectively convert polyolefins to branched, liquid fuels including diesel, jet, and gasoline-range hydrocarbons, with high yield up to 85% over Pt/WO3/ZrO2 and HY zeolite in hydrogen at temperatures as low as 225°C. The process proceeds via tandem catalysis with initial activation of the polymer primarily over Pt, with subsequent cracking over the acid sites of WO3/ZrO2 and HY zeolite, isomerization over WO3/ZrO2 sites, and hydrogenation of olefin intermediates over Pt. The process can be tuned to convert different common plastic wastes, including low- and high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, everyday polyethylene bottles and bags, and composite plastics to desirable fuels and light lubricants.

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