scholarly journals In Situ Anabolic Activity of Periodontal Pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis and Filifactor alocis in Chronic Periodontitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralee Spooner ◽  
Kris M. Weigel ◽  
Peter L. Harrison ◽  
KyuLim Lee ◽  
Gerard A. Cangelosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Anabolic Activity ◽  
Filifactor Alocis

scholarly journals Effects of initial periodontal therapy on the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus DNA and Porphyromonas gingivalis in Japanese chronic periodontitis patients

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayako Kato ◽  
Yorinobu Ikeda ◽  
Kenichi Imai ◽  
Yorimasa Ogata
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Periodontal Therapy ◽  
Subgingival Plaque ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr

Abstract Background Initial periodontal therapy (IPT) is cornerstone of periodontal therapy and the first step to control of periodontal risk factors. Scaling and root planing are used to treat root surface irregularities and remove virulent factors caused by periodontal pathogens. This procedure also incorporated into periodontal surgery. To elucidate the effects of IPT on prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA and Porphyromonas gingivalis, we used subgingival plaque samples from chronic periodontitis (CP) patients. Methods Seventeen CP patients were recruited and measured periodontal clinical parameters such as probing pocket depth (PD) and bleeding on probing (BOP), and subgingival plaque samples were collected from two periodontal sites with PD of <3 mm (healthy sites: HS) or >5 mm (periodontitis sites: PS) at first visit and after IPT. Plaque samples were subjected to a real-time PCR to detect EBV DNA and P. gingivalis. Results EBV DNA and P. gingivalis were detected 9 (52.9%) and 14 (82.3%) in the subgingival samples from HS, and 13 (76.5%) and 14 (82.3%) in the PS at first visit. After IPT, number of detections of EBV DNA and P. gingivalis were decreased to 5 (29.4%) and 13 (76.5%) in the HS, and 9 (52.9%) and 10 (58.8%) in the PS. Significant improvements in PD and BOP were observed after IPT in PS. Coexistence of EBV DNA and P. gingivalis in the subgingival samples from PS at first visit (12; 70.6%) were significantly decreased after IPT (6; 35.3%). Conclusion These results suggest that the IPT was effective in improvement of clinical parameters such as PD and BOP and reducing the coexistence of EBV and P. gingivalis in the subgingival plaque from PS. However, IPT could not eradicate the EBV and P. gingivalis. Further research would be necessary for improving the periodontal treatment strategy.

scholarly journals Subgingival Microbial Profile And Production Of Proinflammatory Cytokines In Chronic Periodontitis

Folia Medica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Velichka T. Dosseva-Panova ◽  
Christina L. Popova ◽  
Vladimir E. Panov
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Cytokine Expression ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha

ABSTRACT This review examines literature data concerning the bacterial findings in chronic periodontitis depending on pocket depth, and presents the latest published information on the presence of proinflammatory factors in periodontal environment. It has been found that chronic periodontitis affects as much as 80% of the middle-aged population; by comparison, the prevalence of aggressive periodontitis reaches up to 1-1.5%. It is accepted that this social disease is multifactorial in etiology, but the evidence in the literature suggests that the levels of specifi c Gram-negative organisms in subgingival plaque biofilm play a major role in the initiation and progression of the disease. Of the many bacterial species inhabiting the periodontal environment, three types - Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG), Treponema denticola (TD), Tannerella forsythia (TF) - are strongly associated with the initiation and progression of periodontitis. Microbiological studies suggest that Porphyromonas gingivalis should be considered a major etiologic agent. Currently, Porphyromonas gingivalis is strongly associated with the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis. On the other hand, the presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in patients with chronic periodontitis may be related to the severity of the disease and thus modify the therapeutic plan. The increased amount of periodontal pathogens in the subgingival area can activate a cascade of defense mechanisms of the body associated with the production of factors causing infl ammation and destruction, which suggests a correlation between the bacterial findings and the body response implemented by enhancing the local cytokine expression. Studies in the literature show that the presence of certain micro-organisms in the periodontal environment is associated to increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the gingival fluid and gingival tissue. These levels have been associated with destructive tissues response. There is little evidence in the literature on the correlation of the levels of periodontal pathogens of sites with different pocket depth with periodontal disease activity defined by the degree of the proinflammatory cytokine expression such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6 ).

Assessment of the Plasma/Serum IgG Test to Screen for Periodontitis

2012 ◽  
Vol 91 (12) ◽  
pp. 1190-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kudo ◽  
K. Naruishi ◽  
H. Maeda ◽  
Y. Abiko ◽  
T. Hino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Periodontal Treatment ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Probing Pocket Depth

Chronic periodontitis is a silent infectious disease prevalent worldwide and affects lifestyle-related diseases. Therefore, efficient screening of patients is essential for general health. This study was performed to evaluate prospectively the diagnostic utility of a blood IgG antibody titer test against periodontal pathogens. Oral examination was performed, and IgG titers against periodontal pathogens were measured by ELISA in 1,387 individuals. The cut-off value of the IgG titer was determined in receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and changes in periodontal clinical parameters and IgG titers by periodontal treatment were evaluated. The relationships between IgG titers and severity of periodontitis were analyzed. The best cut-off value of IgG titer against Porphyromonas gingivalis for screening periodontitis was 1.682. Both clinical parameters and IgG titers decreased significantly under periodontal treatment. IgG titers of periodontitis patients were significantly higher than those of healthy controls, especially in those with sites of probing pocket depth over 4 mm. Multiplied cut-off values were useful to select patients with severe periodontitis. A blood IgG antibody titer test for Porphyromonas gingivalis is useful to screen hitherto chronic periodontitis patients (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01658475).

scholarly journals Cell-wall-deficient Bacteria in Oral Biofilm: Association with Periodontitis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Germano ◽  
Davide Testi ◽  
Luisa Campagnolo ◽  
Manuel Scimeca ◽  
Claudio Arcuri
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Polymerase Chain

AbstractCell-wall-deficient bacteria are those that lack cell walls and live in a pleomorphic state. The genus Mycoplasma and L-form bacteria are both members of this group. The aim of this study was to search cell-wall-deficient bacteria in periodontal biofilm and link their presence to periodontal disease. Eighty-nine individuals were recruited and divided into three groups: periodontally healthy individuals, individuals with chronic periodontitis, and those with aggressive periodontitis. The presence of cell-wall-deficient bacteria was detected in freshly collected biofilm by light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with and without electron microscopy in situ hybridization, atomic force microscopy and DNA stain (Hoechst). A new dichotomic index of classification for prevalence and morphologic variants was developed to classify cell-wall-deficient bacteria in periodontal biofilm. Cell-wall-deficient bacteria were found in periodontal biofilm and classified into Protoplastic, Everted, Filament and Intracellular forms, the last one mainly associated with aggressive periodontitis. We also assessed the prevalence of periodontopathic bacteria by means of polymerase chain-reaction (PCR) and found no clear, statistically significant, correlation among periodontal pathogens tested (except T. denticola) that allowed individuals with chronic periodontitis to be distinguished from those with aggressive periodontitis. Association between cell-wall-deficient bacteria and periodontal condition was: periodontally healthy, 3.3% (1/30); individuals with chronic periodontitis, 30.6% (11/36); and those with aggressive periodontitis, 100% (23/23). Cell-wall-deficient bacteria were detected in periodontal biofilm and linked to aggressive periodontitis.

scholarly journals Cell-Wall-Deficient Bacteria in Oral Biofilm: Association with Periodontitis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Francesco Germano ◽  
Francesco Germano ◽  
Davide Testi ◽  
Luisa Campagnolo ◽  
Manuel Scimeca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Cell-wall-deficient bacteria are those that lack cell walls and live in a pleomorphic state. The genus Mycoplasma and L-form bacteria are both members of this group. The aim of this study was to search cellwall-deficient bacteria in periodontal biofilm and link their presence to periodontal disease. Eighty-nine individuals were recruited and divided into three groups: periodontally healthy individuals, individuals with chronic periodontitis, and those with aggressive periodontitis. The presence of cell-wall-deficient bacteria was detected in freshly collected biofilm by light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with and without electron microscopy in situ hybridization, atomic force microscopy and DNA stain (Hoechst). A new dichotomic index of classification for prevalence and morphologic variants was developed to classify cell-wall-deficient bacteria in periodontal biofilm. Cell-wall-deficient bacteria were found in periodontal biofilm and classified into protoplastic, everted, filament and intracellular forms, the last one mainly associated with aggressive periodontitis. We also assessed the prevalence of periodontopathic bacteria by means of polymerase chain-reaction (PCR) and found no clear, statistically significant, correlation among periodontal pathogens tested (except T. denticola) that allowed individuals with chronic periodontitis to be distinguished from those with aggressive periodontitis. Association between cell-walldeficient bacteria and periodontal condition was: periodontally healthy, 3.3% (1/30); individuals with chronic periodontitis, 30.6% (11/36); and those with aggressive periodontitis, 100% (23/23). Cell-walldeficient bacteria were detected in periodontal biofilm and linked to aggressive periodontitis.

scholarly journals Effects of initial periodontal therapy on the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus DNA and Porphyromonas gingivalis in Japanese chronic periodontitis patients

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayako Kato ◽  
Yorinobu Ikeda ◽  
Kenichi Imai ◽  
Yorimasa Ogata
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Periodontal Therapy ◽  
Subgingival Plaque ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr

Abstract Background Initial periodontal therapy (IPT) is cornerstone of periodontal therapy and the first step to control of periodontal risk factors. Scaling and root planing are used to treat root surface irregularities and remove virulent factors caused by periodontal pathogens. This procedure also incorporated into periodontal surgery. To elucidate the effects of IPT on prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA and Porphyromonas gingivalis , we used subgingival plaque samples from chronic periodontitis (CP) patients.Methods Seventeen CP patients were recruited and determined measured periodontal status clinical parameters such as by probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) and an X-ray examination, and subgingival plaque samples were collected from two periodontal sites with PD of < 3 mm (healthy sites: HS) or > 5 mm (periodontitis sites: PS) at first visit and after IPT. Plaque samples were subjected to a real-time PCR to detect EBV DNA and P. gingivalis.Results EBV DNA and P. gingivalis were detected 9 (52.9%) and 14 (82.3%) sites within the subgingival samples from HS, and 13 (76.5%) and 14 (82.3%) sites within the PS at first visit. After IPT, number of detections of EBV DNA and P. gingivalis were decreased to 5 (29.4%) and 13 (76.5%) sites within the subgingival samples from HS, and 9 (52.9%) and 10 (58.8%) sites within the PS. Significant improvements in PD and BOP were observed after IPT in PS. Coexistence of EBV DNA and P. gingivalis in the subgingival samples from PS at first visit (12 sites; 70.6%) were significantly decreased after IPT (6 sites; 35.3%).Conclusion These results suggest that the IPT was effective in improvement of clinical parameters such as PD and BOP and reducing the coexistence of EBV and P. gingivalis in the subgingival plaque from PS. However, IPT could not eradicate the EBV and P. gingivalis . Further research would be necessary for improving the periodontal treatment strategy.

scholarly journals In Situ Intraepithelial Localizations of Opportunistic Pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Filifactor alocis, in Human Gingiva

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Jaden S. Lee ◽  
Ralee Spooner ◽  
Nityananda Chowdhury ◽  
Vivek Pandey ◽  
Bridgette Wellslager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Human Gingiva ◽  
Filifactor Alocis

scholarly journals Filifactor alocis Has Virulence Attributes That Can Enhance Its Persistence under Oxidative Stress Conditions and Mediate Invasion of Epithelial Cells by Porphyromonas gingivalis

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 3872-3886 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wilson Aruni ◽  
Francis Roy ◽  
H. M. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Invasive Capacity ◽  
Filifactor Alocis

ABSTRACTFilifactor alocis, a Gram-positive anaerobic rod, is one of the most abundant bacteria identified in the periodontal pockets of periodontitis patients. There is a gap in our understanding of its pathogenicity and ability to interact with other periodontal pathogens. To evaluate the virulence potential ofF. alocisand its ability to interact withPorphyromonas gingivalisW83, several clinical isolates ofF. alociswere characterized.F. alocisshowed nongingipain protease and sialidase activities.In silicoanalysis revealed the molecular relatedness of several virulence factors fromF. alocisandP. gingivalis. In contrast toP. gingivalis,F. alociswas relatively resistant to oxidative stress and its growth was stimulated under those conditions. Biofilm formation was significantly increased in coculture. There was an increase in adherence and invasion of epithelial cells in coculture compared withP. gingivalisorF. alocismonocultures. In those epithelial cells, endocytic vesicle-mediated internalization was observed only during coculture. TheF. alocisclinical isolate had an increased invasive capacity in coculture withP. gingivaliscompared to the ATCC 35896 strain. In addition, there was variation in the proteomes of the clinical isolates compared to the ATCC 35896 strain. Hypothetical proteins and those known to be important virulence factors in other bacteria were identified. These results indicate thatF. alocishas virulence properties that may enhance its ability to survive and persist in the periodontal pocket and may play an important role in infection-induced periodontal disease.

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