scholarly journals Erratum: Corrigendum: Environmental chemicals impact dog semen quality in vitro and may be associated with a temporal decline in sperm motility and increased cryptorchidism

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard G. Lea ◽  
Andrew S. Byers ◽  
Rebecca N. Sumner ◽  
Stewart M. Rhind ◽  
Zulin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Environmental Chemicals

180 ASSESSMENT OF BULL SEMEN QUALITY LOADED IN NEW SensiTemp STRAWS USING SEMEN AND IN VITRO PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
D. Le Bourhis ◽  
S. Camugli ◽  
P. Salvetti ◽  
L. Schibler ◽  
E. Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Cleavage Rate ◽  
Fluid Medium ◽  
And Control

SensiTemp, a new in vitro maturation (IMV) bull straw concept, presents the advantage of colour changing while the straw is thawed. The colour of frozen straws is blue and straws start to become white when the temperature reaches 33°C, with a complete change of colour at 37°C. The objective of this study is to assess sperm quality after thawing of semen frozen in SensiTemp from 2 bulls, by analysing, in experiment 1, sperm motility and membrane integrity using computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) and flow cytometry (FC), and, in experiment 2, the in vitro embryo production (IVP) using IVP technologies [IVM, IVF, and in vitro culture (IVC)]. The ejaculates of 2 bulls, selected during preliminary experiments on high in vitro fertility, were harvested at CIA L’Aigle, France, and split ejaculates were frozen in experimental (SensiTemp) and conventional (control) straws. In experiment 1 after thawing semen from the 2 types of straws (5 pooled straws each; 2 replicates), motility was assessed using the IVOS CASA system (Hamilton Thorne Inc., Beverly, MA, USA) and membrane integrity was evaluated through FC with Cytosoft software (Millipore-Guava Technologies Inc., Hayward, CA, USA). In experiment 2, IVF was used to evaluate the non-toxicity of SensiTemp and control straws. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC; n = 1178; 4 replicates) collected from slaughterhouse ovaries were matured in IVM medium (TCM-199 with bicarbonate, Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Quentin Fallavier, France; 10 µg mL–1 FSH-LH, Reprobiol, Liège, Belgium; and 10% FCS, Thermo Fisher, Illkirch, France) for 22 h. After fertilization, presumptive zygotes of each group (SensiTemp and control for each bull) were cultured in synthetic oviduct fluid medium (SOF, Minitube, Tiefenbach, Germany) with 1% estrous cow serum (ECS) and 0.6% BSA (Sigma-Aldrich, France) up to 8 days. All cultures were conducted at 38.5C in 5% CO2, and 5% O2. The cleavage and blastocysts rates were evaluated on Days 3 and 7, respectively, for each group. Embryo quality was recorded on Day 7 according to the IETS evaluation. Data from each bull were analysed separately using the chi-squared test (P < 0.05). In experiment 1, neither sperm motility from bull 1 (61.2 and 60.5%) and bull 2 (66.2 and 66.5%) nor membrane integrity from bull 1 (58.6 and 52.2%) and bull 2 (61.0 and 61.9%) were different between SensiTemp and control, respectively. Results from experiment 2 showed no difference (P > 0.05) in cleavage rate between SensiTemp and control for the 2 bulls: 92.1 and 91.7% for bull 1 and 94.2 and 94.6% for bull 2 respectively. The blastocysts rate on Day 7 did not differ (P > 0.05) among groups (47.5, 47.1 and 51.3, 50.4% for SensiTemp and control bull 1 and bull 2, respectively) nor the quality of embryos retrieved in the different groups: 25.4, 23.3, and 30.8, 29.6% in grade 1 embryo for SensiTemp and control bull 1 and bull 2, respectively. Those results demonstrate, in vitro, that the new SensiTemp straws were non-toxic and did not affect the semen quality after thawing nor did the SensiTemp straws affect the ability of sperm cells to fertilize oocytes and produce 8-day-old embryos.

Making the most of sperm activation responses: experiments with boar spermatozoa and bicarbonate

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 842 ◽  
Author(s):  
William V. Holt ◽  
Nana Satake
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Environmental Chemicals ◽  
Information Value ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Sperm Activation ◽  
Activation Mechanisms

Attempting to extract useful and reliable information about semen quality and its fertility potential remains a difficult exercise, partly because the sperm heterogeneity within samples often renders simple statistical analyses rather meaningless. In fact, a mean and standard deviation may reflect neither the very fast swimming activities of the most active cells nor the slow and sluggish activities of others. Herein we propose that the information value within semen samples can be maximised if current knowledge about sperm activation mechanisms is exploited before undertaking the measurements. We explain, using boar semen as an example, that estimating and defining relative sperm subpopulation sizes, after activation by bicarbonate, provides a means of quantifying sperm quality. Although such estimates may indeed be related to in vivo fertility, the general approach also suggests potential new avenues that could be exploited for the elaboration of novel in vitro tests for the characterisation of toxic environmental chemicals and, indeed, to reduce the number of animals used in such testing programs.

Environmental and experimental exposure of phthalate esters: The toxicological consequence on human sperm

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 507-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Pant ◽  
AB Pant ◽  
M. Shukla ◽  
N. Mathur ◽  
YK Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Phthalate Esters ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Phthalate Ester ◽  
Healthy Human

Rapid industrialization and urbanization release several chemicals such as phthalates into the environment and cause adverse effects on reproductive system, mainly endocrine disruption, testicular injury and decline in semen quality in humans. There are no reports in extrapolating of the epidemiological data with in vitro findings. Our study show the correlations between in vivo studies and in vitro data for the effect of phthalate esters. Healthy human males, in the age group 21 to 40 years, visiting Chhatrapati Sahuji Maharaj Medical University (CSMMU), Lucknow, as part of infertility investigation, were recruited as volunteers. Semen analysis was performed according to the WHO guidelines. Phthalate esters were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and cell viability by MTT assay. In the in vitro studies, sperms were exposed to highest concentration in semen samples (5—10 times higher) for a period ranging between 30 min and 96 hours. An inverse relationship with sperm motility in epidemiological studies was concurrent by significant dose-and time-dependent decrease in the sperm motility under in vitro environment after 12-hour exposure. Cytotoxicity was observed only with the highest concentration after 96 hours of exposure. There are a significant correlation between phthalate ester diethylhexyl phthalate, di-n-butyl phthalate (DEHP and DBP) and sperm motility both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Additionally, in vitro experiments conducted not only adjunct to the existing in vivo data but also specify the effect of specific toxicants (DEHP and DBP) on sperm motility and viability. Results show the decrease in motility of sperms under in vitro conditions at the maximum range of in vivo measured levels and 5- or 10-folds higher to that found in human semen samples.

18 EFFECTS OF SKIM MILK ON THE QUALITY AND FERTILITY OF BOAR SEMEN FOLLOWING LIQUID PRESERVATION AT 5°C AND 15°C

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Namula ◽  
R. Kodama ◽  
Y. Kaedei ◽  
F. Tanihara ◽  
V. L. Vien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
Boar Spermatozoa

Liquid preservation of semen can be an alternative to frozen–thawed semen for artificial insemination. The success of a selection of boar semen extenders has been studied over storage periods of 5 to 7 days. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of skim milk on the viability and in vitro fertility of boar spermatozoa preserved in Modena-based extenders at 5°C and 15°C for 2 weeks. A total of 7 ejaculates were collected from one boar. The sperm-rich fraction of each ejaculate was centrifuged and diluted in Modena extenders supplemented with 0 (control), 7.5, and 15 mg mL–1 of dry skim milk. The final sperm concentration was adjusted to 1 × 108 cells mL–1, and then the semen was stored at 5°C and 15°C for 2 weeks. In the first experiment, the motility, viability (live/dead fluorescence viability assay), plasma membrane integrity (hypoosmotic swelling test; HOST), and acrosome integrity (FITC-labelled peanut agglutinin staining) of semen stored for 2 weeks were assessed. In the second experiment, the fertilization of stored semen after 20 h of co-incubation with in vitro matured oocytes and their development were examined. Data were analysed using ANOVA. When the semen was stored at 5°C for 2 weeks, the mean total sperm motility of semen stored with 7.5 and 15 mg mL–1 of dry skim milk was significantly higher than that of semen in the control group (41.4% and 41.5% v. 17.4%; P < 0.05). However, the beneficial effects of skim milk on the sperm motility were not observed in the semen stored at 15°C. Moreover, there were no significant differences in the other parameters of semen quality among the groups in each storage temperature. Significantly higher penetration rates of semen stored with 7.5 and 15 mg mL–1 of dry skim milk were observed in the storage at 5°C (41.1% and 34.8% v. 19.8%; P < 0.05) but not at 15°C (38.9% and 26.0% v. 30.0%; P > 0.05) when compared with the control group. When the semen was stored at 5°C, the development rate to the blastocyst stage of oocytes fertilized with semen stored with 7.5 mg mL–1 of dry skim milk was significantly higher than that with control and 15 mg mL–1 of dry skim milk (15.4% v. 1.1% and 7.8%; P < 0.01). However, there were no significant differences in the development rates of oocytes fertilized with semen stored at 15°C among the groups (9.6–11.9%). In conclusion, our results indicate that the effect of skim milk on the viability and in vitro fertility of liquid-stored boar spermatozoa is dependent on the storage temperature. The addition of 7.5 mg mL–1 of dry skim milk may be effective for the improvement of viability and fertility of semen stored at 5°C but not at 15°C.

scholarly journals Isolate® and Optiprep® minigradients as alternatives for sperm selection in bovine in vitro embryo production

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Vianna ◽  
J. Pradieé ◽  
E. C. S. Santos ◽  
A. O. Gonçalves ◽  
L. F. M. Pfeifer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Sperm Selection ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
In Vitro Embryo Production

Vianna, L. L., Pradieé, J., Santos, E. C. S., Gonçalves, A. O., Pfeifer, L. F. M., Rheingantz, M. G. T., Dode, M. A. N., Vieira, A. D., Lima, V. F. H., Correa, M. N. and Pegoraro, L. M. C. 2014. Isolate® and Optiprep® minigradients as alternatives for sperm selection in bovine in vitro embryo production. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 94: 35–42. The objective of this study was to evaluate alternatives in small volumes to conventional gradient of Percoll® on semen quality, in vitro embryo production, sex ratio and embryo survival after vitrification. Thawed semen was randomly allocated to one of four density gradient selection methods: (1) conventional Percoll® (P), (2) MiniPercoll (MP), (3) MiniIsolate (MI), and (4) MiniOptiprep (MO). Sperm kinetics and quality were evaluated. Use of P, MP and MI gradients did not affect sperm motility (P>0.05). However, there was a decrease in total and progressive sperm motility in MO (70.8 and 51.3% vs. 87.3 and 69.5% for P; 87.3 and 73% for MP; 92.3 and 78.8% for MI; P<0.05). The MO had lower membrane integrity compared with P, MP and MI (39.7 vs. 70.5, 72.3, 63.8%, respectively, P<0.05). The percentage of blastocysts produced was higher in MI than in MP and MO (21.1 vs. 16.1 and 16.9%, P<0.05) and similar to P (18.4%; P>0.05). Sex ratio and embryo survival after vitrification were similar among groups (P>0.05). Semen selected by Isolate and Optiprep gradient, at the concentrations and small volumes used, demonstrated similar characteristics and in vitro embryo production to conventional Percoll® gradient.

scholarly journals Respiratory Mitochondrial Efficiency and DNA Oxidation in Human Sperm after In Vitro Myo-Inositol Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Governini ◽  
Rosetta Ponchia ◽  
Paolo Giovanni Artini ◽  
Elena Casarosa ◽  
Ilaria Marzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
In Vitro Treatment

Semen samples are known to contain abnormal amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxygen free radicals; therefore, the identification of antioxidant molecules able to counteract the oxidative damage caused by ROS is foresight. Indeed, improving semen quality in terms of motility and reduction in DNA damage, can significantly improve the fertilization potential of sperm in vitro. To this regard, myo-inositol, based on its antioxidant properties, has been reported to be effective in improving sperm quality and motility in oligoasthenozoospermic patients undergoing assisted reproduction techniques when used as a dietary supplementation. Moreover, in vitro treatment demonstrated a direct relationship between myo-inositol, mitochondrial membrane potential and sperm motility. This experimental study aimed to evaluate the effects of myo-inositol (Andrositol-lab) in vitro treatment on sperm motility, capacitation, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and DNA damage. Our results demonstrate that myo-inositol induces a significant increase in sperm motility and in oxygen consumption, the main index of oxidative phosphorylation efficiency and ATP production, both in basal and in in vitro capacitated samples. Moreover, we provide evidence for a significant protective role of myo-inositol against oxidative damage to DNA, thus supporting the in vitro use of myo-inositol in assisted reproductive techniques. Even if further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying the antioxidant properties of myo-inositol, the present findings significantly extend our knowledge on human male fertility and pave the way to the definition of evidence-based guidelines, aiming to improve the in vitro procedure currently used in ART laboratory for sperm selection.

scholarly journals Environmental chemicals impact dog semen quality in vitro and may be associated with a temporal decline in sperm motility and increased cryptorchidism

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard G. Lea ◽  
Andrew S. Byers ◽  
Rebecca N. Sumner ◽  
Stewart M. Rhind ◽  
Zulin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Environmental Chemicals ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Diethylhexyl Phthalate ◽  
Number Of Males

Abstract Adverse temporal trends in human semen quality and cryptorchidism in infants have been associated with exposure to environmental chemicals (ECs) during development. Here we report that a population of breeding dogs exhibit a 26 year (1988–2014) decline in sperm quality and a concurrent increased incidence of cryptorchidism in male offspring (1995–2014). A decline in the number of males born relative to the number of females was also observed. ECs, including diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and polychlorinated biphenyl 153 (PCB153), were detected in adult dog testes and commercial dog foods at concentrations reported to perturb reproductive function in other species. Testicular concentrations of DEHP and PCB153 perturbed sperm viability, motility and DNA integrity in vitro but did not affect LH stimulated testosterone secretion from adult testis explants. The direct effects of chemicals on sperm may therefore contribute to the decline in canine semen quality that parallels that reported in the human.

scholarly journals Human Oligodendrocytes and Myelin In Vitro to Evaluate Developmental Neurotoxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7929
Author(s):  
Megan Chesnut ◽  
Thomas Hartung ◽  
Helena Hogberg ◽  
David Pamies
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Environmental Chemicals ◽  
Developmental Neurotoxicity ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Regulatory Guidelines ◽  
In Vitro Systems ◽  
Human Oligodendrocytes

Neurodevelopment is uniquely sensitive to toxic insults and there are concerns that environmental chemicals are contributing to widespread subclinical developmental neurotoxicity (DNT). Increased DNT evaluation is needed due to the lack of such information for most chemicals in common use, but in vivo studies recommended in regulatory guidelines are not practical for the large-scale screening of potential DNT chemicals. It is widely acknowledged that developmental neurotoxicity is a consequence of disruptions to basic processes in neurodevelopment and that testing strategies using human cell-based in vitro systems that mimic these processes could aid in prioritizing chemicals with DNT potential. Myelination is a fundamental process in neurodevelopment that should be included in a DNT testing strategy, but there are very few in vitro models of myelination. Thus, there is a need to establish an in vitro myelination assay for DNT. Here, we summarize the routes of myelin toxicity and the known models to study this particular endpoint.

Acrosin activity in human spermatozoa in relation to semen quality and in-vitro fertilization

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. De Jonge ◽  
S.M. Tarchala ◽  
R.G. Rawlins ◽  
Z. Binor ◽  
E. Radwanska
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Human Spermatozoa ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Acrosin Activity
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