scholarly journals Landscape mapping at sub-Antarctic South Georgia provides a protocol for underpinning large-scale marine protected areas

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver T. Hogg ◽  
Veerle A. I. Huvenne ◽  
Huw J. Griffiths ◽  
Boris Dorschel ◽  
Katrin Linse
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
Landscape Mapping

Characterising essential breeding habitat for whales informs the development of large-scale Marine Protected Areas in the South Pacific

2016 ◽  
Vol 548 ◽  
pp. 263-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
RE Lindsay ◽  
R Constantine ◽  
J Robbins ◽  
DK Mattila ◽  
A Tagarino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
The South

scholarly journals Marine Protected Areas, Multiple-Agency Management, and Monumental Surprise in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. Kittinger ◽  
Anne Dowling ◽  
Andrew R. Purves ◽  
Nicole A. Milne ◽  
Per Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Hawaiian Islands ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
Governance Arrangement ◽  
Northwestern Hawaiian Islands ◽  
Agency Management ◽  
Multiple Agency

Large, regional-scale marine protected areas (MPAs) and MPA networks face different challenges in governance systems than locally managed or community-based MPAs. An emerging theme in large-scale MPA management is the prevalence of governance structures that rely on institutional collaboration, presenting new challenges as agencies with differing mandates and cultures work together to implement ecosystem-based management. We analyzed qualitative interview data to investigate multi-level social interactions and institutional responses to the surprise establishment of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument (monument) in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI). The governance arrangement for the monument represents a new model in US MPA management, requiring two federal agencies and the State of Hawai‘i to collaboratively manage the NWHI. We elucidate the principal barriers to institutional cotrusteeship, characterize institutional transformations that have occurred among the partner agencies in the transition to collaborative management, and evaluate the governance arrangement for the monument as a model for MPAs. The lessons learned from the NWHI governance arrangement are critical as large-scale MPAs requiring multiple-agency management become a prevalent feature on the global seascape.

scholarly journals A Synthesis of Opportunities for Applying the Telecoupling Framework to Marine Protected Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4450
Author(s):  
Vanessa Hull ◽  
Christian J. Rivera ◽  
Chad Wong
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Sustainability Challenges ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats

The world’s oceans face unprecedented anthropogenic threats in the globalized era that originate from all over the world, including climate change, global trade and transportation, and pollution. Marine protected areas (MPAs) serve important roles in conservation of marine biodiversity and ecosystem resilience, but their success is increasingly challenged in the face of such large-scale threats. Here, we illustrate the utility of adopting the interdisciplinary telecoupling framework to better understand effects that originate from distant places and cross MPA boundaries (e.g., polluted water circulation, anthropogenic noise transport, human and animal migration). We review evidence of distal processes affecting MPAs and the cutting-edge approaches currently used to investigate these processes. We then introduce the umbrella framework of telecoupling and explain how it can help address knowledge gaps that exist due to limitations of past approaches that are centered within individual disciplines. We then synthesize five examples from the recent telecoupling literature to explore how the telecoupling framework can be used for MPA research. These examples include the spatial subsidies approach, adapted social network analysis, telecoupled qualitative analysis, telecoupled supply chain analysis, and decision support tools for telecoupling. Our work highlights the potential for the telecoupling framework to better understand and address the mounting and interconnected socioeconomic and environmental sustainability challenges faced by the growing number of MPAs around the world.

Human Dimensions of Large-scale Marine Protected Areas: Advancing Research and Practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noella J. Gray ◽  
Nathan J. Bennett ◽  
Jon C. Day ◽  
Rebecca L. Gruby ◽  
T. 'Aulani Wilhelm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Dimensions ◽  
Research And Practice

scholarly journals Comparing the Performance of Four Very Large Marine Protected Areas with Different Levels of Protection

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9572
Author(s):  
Veronica Relano ◽  
Maria Lourdes Deng Palomares ◽  
Daniel Pauly
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fishing The Line ◽  
Different Levels

In the last decades, several targets for marine conservation were set to counter the effects of increasing fishing pressure, e.g., protecting 10% of the sea by 2020, and establishing large-scale marine protected areas (LSMPAs). Using the ‘reconstructed’ catch data for 1950 to 2018 made available by the Sea Around Us initiative, we show that the declaration of an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) in 1983 by the U.S.A. and its protection by the U.S. Coast Guard had a much bigger impact on catches around the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands than the subsequent creation of a LSMPA. This is similar to Pitcairn Islands, a UK territory. Trends differed sharply in the Galapagos and New Caledonia, where neither their EEZ declaration nor the LSMPA (by Ecuador in 1988 and by France in 2014) stopped local fisheries from continuous expansion. Our results also demonstrate that in the studied multizone LSMPAs continued local fishing induces a ‘fishing down’ effect wherein the mean trophic level (TL) declined, especially in the Galapagos, by 0.1 TL per decade. Stakeholders’ responses to a short questionnaire and satellite imagery lent support to these results in that they documented substantial fishing operations and ‘fishing the line’ within and around multizone LSMPAs. In the case of EEZs around less populated or unpopulated islands, banning foreign fishing may reduce catch much more than a subsequent LSMPA declaration. This confirms that EEZs are a tool for coastal countries to protect their marine biodiversity and that allowing fishing in an MPA, while politically convenient, may result in ‘paper parks’ within which fishing can cause the same deleterious effects as in wholly unprotected areas.

scholarly journals Large-Scale Assessment of Mediterranean Marine Protected Areas Effects on Fish Assemblages

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e91841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Guidetti ◽  
Pasquale Baiata ◽  
Enric Ballesteros ◽  
Antonio Di Franco ◽  
Bernat Hereu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Large Scale Assessment ◽  
Scale Assessment

scholarly journals Policy interactions in large‐scale marine protected areas

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Gruby ◽  
Noella J. Gray ◽  
Luke Fairbanks ◽  
Elizabeth Havice ◽  
Lisa M. Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Policy Interactions

scholarly journals Bio-physical connectivity patterns of benthic marine species used in the designation of Scottish nature conservation marine protected areas

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1797-1811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Gallego ◽  
Fiona M. Gibb ◽  
David Tullet ◽  
Peter J. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Ecological Information ◽  
Larval Behaviour ◽  
Realistic Representation ◽  
Local Pressures

Abstract Connectivity is a key consideration in the development of networks of marine protected areas (MPAs). However, little is known about the early life history of many of the epi-benthic animals that these spatial measures try to conserve. Here, a pragmatic approach to consider connectivity in such organisms is adopted, as part of the Scottish nature conservation MPA designation process. The primary tool for the study was a basic bio-physical model, forced by a circulation climatology. In the general absence of comprehensive ecological information, the model accounted for the main biological characteristics of the benthic organisms under consideration of relevance to connectivity, namely, presence, spawning season and pelagic larval duration (PLD). The results showed that some degree of connectivity between MPAs is possible even for species with short PLD although those organisms are more likely to be vulnerable to local pressures, particularly in the case of less widely distributed species and those inhabiting less dispersive inshore locations. For MPAs further offshore and species with longer PLD, our simulations suggested large-scale advection patterns crossing large-scale environmental management boundaries. Although the study was an appropriate contribution to the MPA designation process, further refinements encompassing better basic ecological information, enhanced oceanographic resolution, more realistic representation of biological processes (e.g. spawning, larval behaviour) in the model, species presence within and outside MPAs and substrate suitability maps would provide future useful confidence boundaries around the general patterns derived from our study.

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