scholarly journals Modelling the sensitivity of life history traits to climate change in a temporary pool crustacean

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Pinceel ◽  
Bram Vanschoenwinkel ◽  
Luc Brendonck ◽  
Falko Buschke
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Temporary Pool

scholarly journals Age-dependent effects of moderate differences in environmental predictability forecasted by climate change, experimental evidence from a short-lived lizard (Zootoca vivipara)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Masó ◽  
J. Kaufmann ◽  
H. Clavero ◽  
P. S. Fitze
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life History ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Environmental Predictability ◽  
Common Lizard ◽  
Zootoca Vivipara ◽  
Age Dependent

Abstract Whether and how differences in environmental predictability affect life-history traits is controversial and may depend on mean environmental conditions. Solid evidence for effects of environmental predictability are lacking and thus, the consequences of the currently observed and forecasted climate-change induced reduction of precipitation predictability are largely unknown. Here we experimentally tested whether and how changes in the predictability of precipitation affect growth, reproduction, and survival of common lizard Zootoca vivipara. Precipitation predictability affected all three age classes. While adults were able to compensate the treatment effects, yearlings and juvenile females were not able to compensate negative effects of less predictable precipitation on growth and body condition, respectively. Differences among the age-classes’ response reflect differences (among age-classes) in the sensitivity to environmental predictability. Moreover, effects of environmental predictability depended on mean environmental conditions. This indicates that integrating differences in environmental sensitivity, and changes in averages and the predictability of climatic variables will be key to understand whether species are able to cope with the current climatic change.

scholarly journals Changes in life-history traits in relation to climate change: bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) in the northwestern Mediterranean

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1000-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Sabatés ◽  
Paloma Martín ◽  
Vanesa Raya
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Pomatomus Saltatrix ◽  
Thermal Front ◽  
Catalan Coast ◽  
Western Mediterranean Basin ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Northwestern Mediterranean

Abstract Sabatés, A., Martín, P., and Raya, V. 2012. Changes in life-history traits in relation to climate change: bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) in the northwestern Mediterranean. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 1000–1009. This study shows the strong relationship between the increasing surface temperature in the NW Mediterranean and the expansion northwards of the bluefish distribution range with the species reproducing in the new distribution areas. Two shifts in temperature were detected: the first one in the early 1980s and the second around 1997. This last shift, explained by warmer springs (April–June), when the species migrates for spawning, led to the observed changes in bluefish. In the western Mediterranean basin, a significant increase in bluefish landings was observed by the mid nineties, whereas in the Catalan coast, the northern edge of the species distribution, a northward expansion was observed from 2000. At present, spawning takes place all along the Catalan coast (June to September), including the new distribution areas, being 21°C the threshold for the presence of larvae in the plankton. This temperature was not attained in June two decades ago. The highest concentrations of larvae were located near the mouth of the Ebro River and their distribution to the north did not extend beyond the thermal front. Bluefish has taken the advantage of the changing environmental conditions and is established in new northernmost distribution areas.

scholarly journals The Role of Temperature in Transmission of Zoonotic Arboviruses

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciota ◽  
Keyel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life History ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Population Vector

We reviewed the literature on the role of temperature in transmission of zoonotic arboviruses. Vector competence is affected by both direct and indirect effects of temperature, and generally increases with increasing temperature, but results may vary by vector species, population, and viral strain. Temperature additionally has a significant influence on life history traits of vectors at both immature and adult life stages, and for important behaviors such as blood-feeding and mating. Similar to vector competence, temperature effects on life history traits can vary by species and population. Vector, host, and viral distributions are all affected by temperature, and are generally expected to change with increased temperatures predicted under climate change. Arboviruses are generally expected to shift poleward and to higher elevations under climate change, yet significant variability on fine geographic scales is likely. Temperature effects are generally unimodal, with increases in abundance up to an optimum, and then decreases at high temperatures. Improved vector distribution information could facilitate future distribution modeling. A wide variety of approaches have been used to model viral distributions, although most research has focused on the West Nile virus. Direct temperature effects are frequently observed, as are indirect effects, such as through droughts, where temperature interacts with rainfall. Thermal biology approaches hold much promise for syntheses across viruses, vectors, and hosts, yet future studies must consider the specificity of interactions and the dynamic nature of evolving biological systems.

scholarly journals Local adaptation in brown trout early life-history traits: implications for climate change adaptability

2008 ◽  
Vol 275 (1653) ◽  
pp. 2859-2868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lasse Fast Jensen ◽  
Michael M Hansen ◽  
Cino Pertoldi ◽  
Gert Holdensgaard ◽  
Karen-Lise Dons Mensberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life History ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Temperature Regimes

Knowledge of local adaptation and adaptive potential of natural populations is becoming increasingly relevant due to anthropogenic changes in the environment, such as climate change. The concern is that populations will be negatively affected by increasing temperatures without the capacity to adapt. Temperature-related adaptability in traits related to phenology and early life history are expected to be particularly important in salmonid fishes. We focused on the latter and investigated whether four populations of brown trout ( Salmo trutta ) are locally adapted in early life-history traits. These populations spawn in rivers that experience different temperature conditions during the time of incubation of eggs and embryos. They were reared in a common-garden experiment at three different temperatures. Quantitative genetic differentiation ( Q ST ) exceeded neutral molecular differentiation ( F ST ) for two traits, indicating local adaptation. A temperature effect was observed for three traits. However, this effect varied among populations due to locally adapted reaction norms, corresponding to the temperature regimes experienced by the populations in their native environments. Additive genetic variance and heritable variation in phenotypic plasticity suggest that although increasing temperatures are likely to affect some populations negatively, they may have the potential to adapt to changing temperature regimes.

Effect of warming with temperature oscillations on a low-latitude aphid,Aphis craccivora

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Yu Chen ◽  
Ming-Chih Chiu ◽  
Mei-Hwa Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Demographic Parameters ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Temperature Oscillations

AbstractTo estimate the net effect of climate change on natural populations, we must take into account the positive and negative effects of temperature oscillations and climate variability. Warming because of climate change will likely exceed the physiological optima of tropical insects, which currently live very close to their thermal optima. Tropical insects will be negatively affected if their optima are exceeded otherwise warming may affect them positively. We evaluate the demographic responses of the cowpea aphid,Aphis craccivora, to summer warming in subtropical and tropical Taiwan, and examine the effects of diel temperature oscillation on these responses. Aphids were reared at four temperatures (current summer mean, +1.4, +3.9 and +6.4 °C), the latter three simulating different levels of warming. At each average temperature, aphids experienced constant or oscillating (from −2.9 to +3.6 °C of each mean temperature) regimes. As the simulated summer temperatures increased, so did the negative effects on life-history traits and demographic parameters. Compared with aphids reared in constant temperatures, aphids reared in oscillating temperatures developed more slowly and had a longer mean generation time, but their net reproductive rate was higher. These findings demonstrate that climate warming will affect demographic parameters and life-history traits differentially. Studies that use constant temperatures are unlikely to accurately predict biotic responses to climate change.

scholarly journals Dispersal and life-history traits in a spider with rapid range expansion

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Wolz ◽  
Michael Klockmann ◽  
Torben Schmitz ◽  
Stano Pekár ◽  
Dries Bonte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life History ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Winter Survival ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Spatial Sorting ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Edge Populations

Abstract Background Dispersal and reproduction are key life-history traits that jointly determine species’ potential to expand their distribution, for instance in light of ongoing climate change. These life-history traits are known to be under selection by changing local environmental conditions, but they may also evolve by spatial sorting. While local natural selection and spatial sorting are mainly studied in model organisms, we do not know the degree to which these processes are relevant in the wild, despite their importance to a comprehensive understanding of species’ resistance and tolerance to climate change. Methods The wasp spider Argiope bruennichi has undergone a natural range expansion - from the Mediterranean to Northern Europe during the recent decades. Using reciprocal common garden experiments in the laboratory, we studied differences in crucial traits between replicated core (Southern France) and edge (Baltic States) populations. We tested theoretical predictions of enhanced dispersal (ballooning behaviour) and reproductive performance (fecundity and winter survival) at the expansion front due to spatial sorting and local environmental conditions. Results Dispersal rates were not consistently higher at the northern expansion front, but were impacted by the overwintering climatic conditions experienced, such that dispersal was higher when spiderlings had experienced winter conditions as occur in their region. Hatching success and winter survival were lower at the range border. In agreement with theoretical predictions, spiders from the northern leading edge invested more in reproduction for their given body size. Conclusions We found no evidence for spatial sorting leading to higher dispersal in northern range edge populations of A. bruennichi. However, reproductive investment and overwintering survival between core and edge populations differed. These life-history traits that directly affect species’ expansion rates seem to have diverged during the recent range expansion of A. bruennichi. We discuss the observed changes with respect to the species’ natural history and the ecological drivers associated with range expansion to northern latitudes.

Lessons Learned While Integrating Habitat, Dispersal, Disturbance, and Life-History Traits into Species Habitat Models Under Climate Change

Ecosystems ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1005-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis R. Iverson ◽  
Anantha M. Prasad ◽  
Stephen N. Matthews ◽  
Matthew P. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Habitat Models
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