Soil warming enhances the hidden shift of elemental stoichiometry by elevated CO2 in wheat

Xiangnan Li; Dong Jiang; Fulai Liu

doi:10.1038/srep23313

Soil warming enhances the hidden shift of elemental stoichiometry by elevated CO2 in wheat

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/srep23313 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Xiangnan Li ◽

Dong Jiang ◽

Fulai Liu

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Global Climate ◽

Xylem Sap ◽

Wheat Plant ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Mineral Uptake ◽

Soil Warming ◽

Mineral Concentration ◽

Elemental Stoichiometry

Abstract Increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) and associated soil warming along with global climate change are expected to have large impacts on grain mineral nutrition in wheat. The effects of CO2 elevation (700 μmol l−1) and soil warming (+2.4 °C) on K, Ca and Mg concentrations in the xylem sap and their partitioning in different organs of wheat plant during grain filling were investigated. Results showed that the combination of elevated [CO2] and soil warming improved wheat grain yield, but decreased plant K, Ca and Mg accumulation and their concentrations in the leaves, stems, roots and grains. The reduced grain mineral concentration was attributed to the lowered mineral uptake as exemplified by both the decreased stomatal conductance and mineral concentration in the xylem sap. These findings suggest that future higher atmospheric [CO2] and warmer soil conditions may decrease the dietary availability of minerals from wheat crops. Breeding wheat cultivars possessing higher ability of mineral uptake at reduced xylem flux in exposure to climate change should be a target.

Download Full-text

Ectomycorrhizal Fungi: Participation in Nutrient Turnover and Community Assembly Pattern in Forest Ecosystems

Forests ◽

10.3390/f11040453 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 453

Author(s):

Yanjiao Liu ◽

Xiangzhen Li ◽

Yongping Kou

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Nutrient Cycling ◽

Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Host Plants ◽

Forest Ecosystems ◽

Global Climate ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Fenton Chemistry ◽

Soil P ◽

Historical Factors

Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EcMF) are involved in soil nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. These fungi can promote the uptake of nutrients (e.g., nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)) and water by host plants, as well as facilitate host plant growth and resistance to stresses and diseases, thereby maintaining the aboveground primary productivity of forest ecosystems. Moreover, EcMF can acquire the carbon (C) sources needed for their growth from the host plants. The nutrient regulation mechanisms of EcMF mainly include the decay of soil organic matter via enzymatic degradation, nonenzymatic mechanism (Fenton chemistry), and priming effects, which in turn promote C and N cycling. At the same time, EcMF can secrete organic acids and phosphatases to improve the availability of soil P, or increase mycelium inputs to facilitate plant acquisition of P. The spatiotemporal distribution of EcMF is influenced by a combination of historical factors and contemporary environmental factors. The community of EcMF is associated with various factors, such as climate change, soil conditions, and host distribution. Under global climate change, investigating the relationships between the nutrient cycling functions of EcMF communities and their distribution patterns under various spatiotemporal scales is conducive to more accurate assessments of the ecological effects of EcMF on the sustainable development of forest.

Download Full-text

Whole-soil warming alters microbial community, but not concentrations of plant-derived soil organic carbon in subsoil

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-4921 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cyrill Zosso ◽

Nicholas O.E. Ofiti ◽

Jennifer L. Soong ◽

Emily F. Solly ◽

Margaret S. Torn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Microbial Community ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Global Climate ◽

Plant Litter ◽

Soil Warming ◽

Four Seasons ◽

Set Up

Soils will warm in near synchrony with the air over the whole profiles following global climate change. It is largely unknown how subsoil (below 30 cm) microbial communities will respond to this warming and how plant-derived soil organic carbon (SOC) will be affected. Predictions how climate change will affect the large subsoil carbon pool (>50 % of SOC is below 30 cm soil depth) remain uncertain.At Blodgett forest (California, USA) a field warming experiment was set up in 2013 warming whole soil profiles to 100 cm soil depth by +4&#176;C compared to control plots. We took samples in 2018, after 4.5 years of continuous warming and investigated how warming has affected the abundance and community structure of microoganisms (using phospholipid fatty acids, PLFAs), and plant litter (using cutin and suberin).The warmed subsoil (below 30 cm) contained significantly less microbial biomass (28%) compared to control plots, whereas the topsoil remained unchanged. Additionally below 50 cm, the microbial community was different in warmed as compared to control plots. Actinobacteria were relatively more abundant and Gram+ bacteria adapted their cell-membrane structure to warming. The decrease in microbial abundance might be related to lower SOC concentrations in warmed compared to control subsoils. In contrast to smaller SOC concentrations and less fine root mass in the warmed plots, the concentrations of the plant polymers suberin and cutin did not change. Overall our results demonstrate that already four seasons of simulated whole-soil warming caused distinct depth-specific responses of soil biogeochemistry: warming altered the subsoil microbial community, but not concentrations of plant-derived soil organic carbon.

Download Full-text

The importance of allochthonous organic matter quality when investigating pulse disturbance events in freshwater lakes: a mesocosm experiment

Hydrobiologia ◽

10.1007/s10750-021-04757-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Calderó-Pascual ◽

Dilvin Yıldız ◽

Gülce Yalçın ◽

Melisa Metin ◽

Sinem Yetim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Global Climate ◽

Freshwater Ecosystems ◽

Mesocosm Experiment ◽

Allochthonous Organic Matter ◽

Organic Matter Quality ◽

Leaf Leachate ◽

Elemental Stoichiometry ◽

The Individual

AbstractExtreme precipitation is occurring with greater frequency and intensity as a result of climate change. Such events boost the transport of allochthonous organic matter (allo-OM) to freshwater ecosystems, yet little is known about the impacts on dissolved organic matter (DOM) quality and seston elemental stoichiometry, especially for lakes in warm climates. A mesocosm experiment located in a Turkish freshwater lake was designed to simulate a pulse event leading to increased inputs of allo-OM by examining the individual effects of increasing water colour (HuminFeed®, HF), the direct effects of the extra energetic inputs (alder tree leaf leachate, L), and the interactions of the single treatment effects (combination of both sources, HFL), along with a comparison with unmanipulated controls. Changes in the DOM quality and nutrient stoichiometry of the allo-OM treatment additions was examined over the course of the experiments. Results indicated that there was an increase of high recalcitrant DOM components in the HF treatment, in contrast to an increase in less aromatic microbially derived molecules for the L treatment. Unexpectedly, seston C:P ratios remained below a severe P-limiting threshold for plankton growth and showed the same temporal pattern in all mesocosms. In contrast, seston N:P ratios differed significantly between treatments, with the L treatment reducing P-limiting conditions, whilst the HF treatment increased them. The effects of the combined HFL treatment indicated an additive type of interaction and chlorophyll-a was highest in the HFL treatment. Our results demonstrate that accounting for the optical and stoichiometric properties of experimental allo-OM treatments is crucial to improve the capacity to explain extrapolated conclusions regarding the effects of climate driven flooding on freshwater ecosystems in response to global climate change. Graphical abstract

Download Full-text