scholarly journals Influence of local habitat on the physiological responses of large benthic foraminifera to temperature and nutrient stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Prazeres ◽  
Sven Uthicke ◽  
John M. Pandolfi
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Nutrient Stress ◽  
Large Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Local Habitat

scholarly journals Diversity and flexibility of algal endosymbionts in globally-distributed large benthic foraminifera

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina De Freitas Prazeres ◽  
Thomas Edward Roberts ◽  
Shadrina Fildzah Ramadhani ◽  
Steve S Doo ◽  
Christiane Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Symbiotic Associations ◽  
Large Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Algal Symbionts ◽  
Algal Symbiont ◽  
Host Identity ◽  
Local Habitat

Abstract Background Revealing the specificity and flexibility of the algal symbiont-host association is fundamental for understanding how species can occupy a diverse range of habitats. Here we assessed the global distribution of the algal symbiont diversity for three shallow-water species of large benthic foraminifera (LBF) of the genus Amphistegina . Specifically, weinvestigated the role of habitat and host identity on the diversity of algal biome. Results Here we used next-generation sequencing to identify the algal biome in the species A. lobifera , A. lessonii , and A. radiata , collected from shallow habitats in 16 sites, spanning from the Mediterranean Sea to French Polynesia. Results showed the consistent presence of Fragilariales as the main algal taxa associated with all species across sites analysed. However, we uncovered unprecedented diversity of algal phylotypes found in low abundance.We further found high variability in algal biomes both within and between species and sites, indicating a substantial level of flexibility in symbiont associations. The effect of site was significant in all species analysed, and showed that local habitat is the main factor influencing the identity of algal symbionts. Symbiotic associations are also not constrained by the species identity nor the phylogenetic relationship among closely related hosts, suggesting symbiont identity plays a limited role in the evolutionary history of the genus Amphistegina . Conclusions We found that species of Amphistegina form flexible symbiotic relationship with algal taxa, which are primarily shaped by their local habitat. These observations strongly suggest that the capacity of Amphistegina species to utilise a diverse array of available symbionts likely underpins the ecological success of these crucial calcifying organisms across their extensive geographic range.

scholarly journals Response of large benthic foraminifera to climate and local changes: Implications for future carbonate production

Sedimentology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gita R. Narayan ◽  
Claire E. Reymond ◽  
Marleen Stuhr ◽  
Steve Doo ◽  
Christiane Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Carbonate Production ◽  
Large Benthic Foraminifera

scholarly journals Ocean acidification induces biochemical and morphological changes in the calcification process of large benthic foraminifera

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1803) ◽  
pp. 20142782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Prazeres ◽  
Sven Uthicke ◽  
John M. Pandolfi
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Skeletal Density ◽  
Buoyant Weight ◽  
Large Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Sediment Formation ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
Main Factor

Large benthic foraminifera are significant contributors to sediment formation on coral reefs, yet they are vulnerable to ocean acidification. Here, we assessed the biochemical and morphological impacts of acidification on the calcification of Amphistegina lessonii and Marginopora vertebralis exposed to different pH conditions. We measured growth rates (surface area and buoyant weight) and Ca-ATPase and Mg-ATPase activities and calculated shell density using micro-computer tomography images. In A. lessonii , we detected a significant decrease in buoyant weight, a reduction in the density of inner skeletal chambers, and an increase of Ca-ATPase and Mg-ATPase activities at pH 7.6 when compared with ambient conditions of pH 8.1. By contrast, M. vertebralis showed an inhibition in Mg-ATPase activity under lowered pH, with growth rate and skeletal density remaining constant. While M. vertebralis is considered to be more sensitive than A. lessonii owing to its high-Mg-calcite skeleton, it appears to be less affected by changes in pH, based on the parameters assessed in this study. We suggest difference in biochemical pathways of calcification as the main factor influencing response to changes in pH levels, and that A. lessonii and M. vertebralis have the ability to regulate biochemical functions to cope with short-term increases in acidity.

scholarly journals Decrease in volume and density of foraminiferal shells with progressing ocean acidification

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azumi Kuroyanagi ◽  
Takahiro Irie ◽  
Shunichi Kinoshita ◽  
Hodaka Kawahata ◽  
Atsushi Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Carbonate Production ◽  
Large Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Seawater Ph ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
Calcification Process ◽  
The Tropics

AbstractRapid increases in anthropogenic atmospheric CO2 partial pressure have led to a decrease in the pH of seawater. Calcifying organisms generally respond negatively to ocean acidification. Foraminifera are one of the major carbonate producers in the ocean; however, whether calcification reduction by ocean acidification affects either foraminiferal shell volume or density, or both, has yet to be investigated. In this study, we cultured asexually reproducing specimens of Amphisorus kudakajimensis, a dinoflagellate endosymbiont-bearing large benthic foraminifera (LBF), under different pH conditions (pH 7.7–8.3, NBS scale). The results suggest that changes in seawater pH would affect not only the quantity (i.e., shell volume) but also the quality (i.e., shell density) of foraminiferal calcification. We proposed that pH and temperature affect these growth parameters differently because (1) they have differences in the contribution to the calcification process (e.g., Ca2+-ATPase and Ω) and (2) pH mainly affects calcification and temperature mainly affects photosynthesis. Our findings also suggest that, under the IPCC RCP8.5 scenario, both ocean acidification and warming will have a significant impact on reef foraminiferal carbonate production by the end of this century, even in the tropics.

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