scholarly journals The optimal sex pheromone release rate for trapping the codling moth Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in the field

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Jing Xu ◽  
Runzhi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Pheromone Release ◽  
Pheromone Release Rate

scholarly journals Intraspecific Variation in Female Sex Pheromone of the Codling Moth Cydia pomonella

Insects ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Duménil ◽  
Gary Judd ◽  
Dolors Bosch ◽  
Mario Baldessari ◽  
César Gemeno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Female Sex Pheromone ◽  
Female Sex

Evaluation of Pheromone Dispensers for Use in Gypsy Moth Detection (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)2

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Leonhardt ◽  
V. C. Mastro ◽  
E. D. DeVilbiss
Keyword(s):  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Pheromone Release ◽  
Male Moth ◽  
Effective Attraction ◽  
Pheromone Dispensers ◽  
Pheromone Release Rates ◽  
Pheromone Release Rate

Seven controlled-release dispenser formulations containing 500 μg of gypsy moth pheromone (+)-disparlure, were compared in laboratory and field tests. Pheromone release rates, residual pheromone contents, and male moth captures in traps baited with the dispensers were compared following pre-aging of the dispensers in a greenhouse at 35 °C for 0, 4, 12, and 16 wk. The laminate dispenser, now used in USDA detection traps, became less attractive over time as its pheromone release rate and content dropped below the threshold values previously reported as necessary for effective attraction. A polyvinyl chloride coated twine dispenser produced high male moth captures and gave release rates and residual contents above these thresholds (30 ng/h release rate and 100 μg content) at all aging periods. The tube-A dispenser was the most effective of the new commercially prepared formulations, followed by the membrane and tube-B whose male moth captures and release rates tended to increase with aging time. The capsule and film dispensers were the least effective of the formulations tested.

Dependence of Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Capture on Pheromone Release Rate from Laminate and Other Dispensers

1990 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 1977-1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Leonhardt ◽  
V. C. Mastro ◽  
E. C. Paszek ◽  
C. P. Schwalbe ◽  
E. D. Devilbiss
Keyword(s):  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Pheromone Release ◽  
Pheromone Release Rate

scholarly journals Use of Phenylacetonitrile Plus Acetic Acid to Monitor Pandemis pyrusana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Apple

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Knight ◽  
E. Basoalto ◽  
G. J. R. Judd ◽  
R. Hilton ◽  
D. M. Suckling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Plant Volatile ◽  
Pandemis Pyrusana ◽  
Pear Ester ◽  
Plant Volatile Compounds

ABSTRACTA recent discovery have demonstrated that herbivore induced plant volatile compounds from apple tree infested with leafrollers were highly attractive to con-specific adult male and female leafrollers. However, this work has been conducted in New Zealand and Canada testing only low doses of kairomone. This study has been conducted in US to assess the attractiveness of higher doses of the six apple volatiles provisory identified in apple trees infested by tortricid larvaeto the leafroller, Pandemis pyrusana Kearfott. These volatiles included, β-caryophyllene, germacrene D, benzyl alcohol, phenylacetonitrile, (E)-nerolidol, and indole. No volatiles were attractive to P. pyrusana when used alone. However, traps baited with phenylacetonitrile plus acetic acid caught both sexes of P. pyrusana. Traps baited with the other volatiles plus acetic acid caught zero to only incidental numbers of moths, ≤ 1.0. Adding phenylacetonitrile to traps baited with pear ester, ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate plus acetic acid significantly reduced catches of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.). However, adding phenylacetonitrile to traps baited with codling moth sex pheromone, pear ester, and acetic acid did not similarly reduce moth catches of C. pomonella. Interestingly, traps baited with phenylacetonitrile plus acetic acid caught significantly more P. pyrusana than traps baited with a commercial sex pheromone lure. The evaporation rate of the acetic acid co-lure was an important factor affecting catches of P. pyrusana with phenylacetonitrile, and studies are needed to optimize the emission rates of both lure components. Further studies are warranted to develop phenylacetonitrile and possibly other aromatic plant volatiles as bisexual lures for the range of tortricid pests attacking horticultural crops.

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