scholarly journals Leaf unfolding of Tibetan alpine meadows captures the arrival of monsoon rainfall

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruicheng Li ◽  
Tianxiang Luo ◽  
Thomas Mölg ◽  
Jingxue Zhao ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monsoon Rainfall ◽  
Alpine Meadows ◽  
Leaf Unfolding

Forecasting of Summer Monsoon Rainfall over Gangetic West Bengal, India Utilising Intrinsic Mode Functions, Linear and Neural Regression

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pijush Basak
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Monsoon Rainfall ◽  
Linear Part ◽  
Intrinsic Mode Functions ◽  
Quasi Biennial Oscillation ◽  
Nonlinear Part ◽  
South West ◽  
South West Monsoon ◽  
West Monsoon

The South West Monsoon rainfall data of the meteorological subdivision number 6 of India enclosing Gangetic West Bengal is shown to be decomposable into eight empirical time series, namely Intrinsic Mode Functions. This leads one to identify the first empirical mode as a nonlinear part and the remaining modes as the linear part of the data. The nonlinear part is modeled with the technique Neural Network based Generalized Regression Neural Network model technique whereas the linear part is sensibly modeled through simple regression method. The different Intrinsic modes as verified are well connected with relevant atmospheric features, namely, El Nino, Quasi-biennial Oscillation, Sunspot cycle and others. It is observed that the proposed model explains around 75% of inter annual variability (IAV) of the rainfall series of Gangetic West Bengal. The model is efficient in statistical forecasting of South West Monsoon rainfall in the region as verified from independent part of the real data. The statistical forecasts of SWM rainfall for GWB for the years 2012 and 2013 are108.71 cm and 126.21 cm respectively, where as corresponding to the actual rainfall of 93.19 cm 115.20 cm respectively which are within one standard deviation of mean rainfall.

Cyclamen Leaf Unfolding Rate in Response to Temperature

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 447d-447
Author(s):  
Meriam Karlsson ◽  
Jeffrey Werner
Keyword(s):  
Day Length ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Cyclamen Persicum ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Leaf Unfolding ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Growth Chambers ◽  
Response To Temperature

Nine-week-old plants of Cyclamen persicum `Miracle Salmon' were transplanted into 10-cm pots and placed in growth chambers at 8, 12, 16, 20, or 24 °C. The irradiance was 10 mol/day per m2 during a 16-h day length. After 8 weeks, the temperature was changed to 16 °C for all plants. Expanded leaves (1 cm or larger) were counted at weekly intervals for each plant. The rate of leaf unfolding increased with temperature to 20 °C. The fastest rate at 20 °C was 0.34 ± 0.05 leaf/day. Flower buds were visible 55 ± 7 days from start of temperature treatments (118 days from seeding) for the plants grown at 12, 16, or 20 °C. Flower buds appeared 60 ± 6.9 days from initiation of treatments for plants grown at 24 °C and 93 ± 8.9 days for cyclamens grown at 8 °C. Although there was no significant difference in rate of flower bud appearance for cyclamens grown at 12, 16, or 20 °C, the number of leaves, flowers, and flower buds varied significantly among all temperature treatments. Leaf number at flowering increased from 38 ± 4.7 for plants at 12 °C to 77 ± 8.3 at 24 °C. Flowers and flower buds increased from 18 ± 2.9 to 52 ± 11.0 as temperature increased from 12 to 24 °C. Plants grown at 8 °C had on average 6 ± 2 visible flower buds, but no open flowers at termination of the study (128 days from start of treatments).

Pre-monsoon rainfall over Mawsynram region, India during 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Umakanth ◽  
K. Koteswara Rao ◽  
K. Lakshmi ◽  
M. P. D. Parimala ◽  
B. T. P. Madhav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monsoon Rainfall

Grazing exclusion reduces soil N2O emissions by regulating nirK- and nosZ-type denitrifiers in alpine meadows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Xiangtao Wang ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Qian Wan ◽  
Lirong Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Alpine Meadows ◽  
Grazing Exclusion

scholarly journals Tectonic and climatic drivers of Asian monsoon evolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Thomson ◽  
Philip B. Holden ◽  
Pallavi Anand ◽  
Neil R. Edwards ◽  
Cécile A. Porchier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
Indian Summer Monsoon ◽  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
Monsoon Rainfall ◽  
East Asian Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Meridional Overturning Circulation ◽  
Great Debate ◽  
Climatic Drivers ◽  
Meridional Overturning

AbstractAsian Monsoon rainfall supports the livelihood of billions of people, yet the relative importance of different drivers remains an issue of great debate. Here, we present 30 million-year model-based reconstructions of Indian summer monsoon and South East Asian monsoon rainfall at millennial resolution. We show that precession is the dominant direct driver of orbital variability, although variability on obliquity timescales is driven through the ice sheets. Orographic development dominated the evolution of the South East Asian monsoon, but Indian summer monsoon evolution involved a complex mix of contributions from orography (39%), precession (25%), atmospheric CO2 (21%), ice-sheet state (5%) and ocean gateways (5%). Prior to 15 Ma, the Indian summer monsoon was broadly stable, albeit with substantial orbital variability. From 15 Ma to 5 Ma, strengthening was driven by a combination of orography and glaciation, while closure of the Panama gateway provided the prerequisite for the modern Indian summer monsoon state through a strengthened Atlantic meridional overturning circulation.

scholarly journals Anthropogenic warming and intraseasonal summer monsoon variability amplify the risk of future flash droughts in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vimal Mishra ◽  
Saran Aadhar ◽  
Shanti Shwarup Mahto
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Monsoon Rainfall ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Intraseasonal Variability ◽  
Positive Temperature ◽  
Groundwater Abstraction ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractFlash droughts cause rapid depletion in root-zone soil moisture and severely affect crop health and irrigation water demands. However, their occurrence and impacts in the current and future climate in India remain unknown. Here we use observations and model simulations from the large ensemble of Community Earth System Model to quantify the risk of flash droughts in India. Root-zone soil moisture simulations conducted using Variable Infiltration Capacity model show that flash droughts predominantly occur during the summer monsoon season (June–September) and driven by the intraseasonal variability of monsoon rainfall. Positive temperature anomalies during the monsoon break rapidly deplete soil moisture, which is further exacerbated by the land-atmospheric feedback. The worst flash drought in the observed (1951–2016) climate occurred in 1979, affecting more than 40% of the country. The frequency of concurrent hot and dry extremes is projected to rise by about five-fold, causing approximately seven-fold increase in flash droughts like 1979 by the end of the 21st century. The increased risk of flash droughts in the future is attributed to intraseasonal variability of the summer monsoon rainfall and anthropogenic warming, which can have deleterious implications for crop production, irrigation demands, and groundwater abstraction in India.

scholarly journals Coherent response of the Indian Monsoon Rainfall to Atlantic Multi-decadal Variability over the last 2000 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pothuri Divakar Naidu ◽  
Raja Ganeshram ◽  
Massimo A. Bollasina ◽  
Champoungam Panmei ◽  
Dirk Nürnberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monsoon Rainfall ◽  
Indian Monsoon ◽  
Decadal Variability ◽  
Indian Monsoon Rainfall
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