scholarly journals GSK-3β downregulates Nrf2 in cultured cortical neurons and in a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Chen ◽  
Yuanling Liu ◽  
Jin Zhu ◽  
Shipeng Lei ◽  
Yuan Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Cultured Cortical Neurons ◽  
Gsk 3Β

scholarly journals Effects of Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction on Infarcted Cerebral Cortical Neurons: Suppression of the Inflammatory Response following Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion in a Rat Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Xinling Jia ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
Guofeng Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Cerebral Cortical Neurons ◽  
Staining Methods ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion

The mechanisms by which Shaoyao-Gancao decoction (SGD) inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines in serum and brain tissue after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CI-RP) in rats were investigated. A right middle cerebral artery occlusion was used to induce CI-RP after which the rats were divided into model (n=39), SGD (n=28), clopidogrel (n=25) and sham operated (n=34) groups. The Bederson scale was used to evaluate changes in behavioral indices. The levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-10, RANTES, VEGF, and TGF-β1 in the serum and infarcted brain tissues were measured. Nissl body and immunohistochemical staining methods were used to detect biochemical changes in neurons, microglial cells, and astrocytes. Serum levels of VEGF, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-1β, and IL-10 increased significantly 24 h after CI-RP. In brain tissue, levels of TNF-αand IL-1βsignificantly increased 24 h after CI-RP, whereas levels of TGF-β1 and MCP-1 were significantly higher 96 h after CI-RP (P<0.05). SGD or clopidogrel after CI-RP reduced TNF-αand IL-1βlevels in brain tissue and serum levels of MCP-1, IL-1β, and IL-10. SGD increased the number of NeuN-positive cells in infarcted brain tissue and reduced the number of IBA1-positive and GFAP-positive cells. The efficacy of SGD was significantly higher than that of clopidogrel.

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