scholarly journals A Large-scale Survey of CRF55_01B from Men-Who-Have-Sex-with-Men in China: implying the Evolutionary History and Public Health Impact

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxu Han ◽  
Yutaka Takebe ◽  
Weiqing Zhang ◽  
Minghui An ◽  
Bin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Public Health Impact ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals Comparing serotyping with whole-genome sequencing for subtyping of non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica: a large-scale analysis of 37 serotypes with a public health impact in the USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehud Elnekave ◽  
Samuel L. Hong ◽  
Seunghyun Lim ◽  
Timothy J. Johnson ◽  
Andres Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Public Health Impact ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Scale Analysis ◽  
Large Scale Analysis ◽  
The Usa

Serotyping has traditionally been used for subtyping of non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) isolates. However, its discriminatory power is limited, which impairs its use for epidemiological investigations of source attribution. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis allows more accurate subtyping of strains. However, because of the relative newness and cost of routine WGS, large-scale studies involving NTS WGS are still rare. We aimed to revisit the big picture of subtyping NTS with a public health impact by using traditional serotyping (i.e. reaction between antisera and surface antigens) and comparing the results with those obtained using WGS. For this purpose, we analysed 18 282 sequences of isolates belonging to 37 serotypes with a public health impact that were recovered in the USA between 2006 and 2017 from multiple sources, and were available at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed for each serotype using the core genome for the identification of genetic subpopulations. We demonstrated that WGS-based subtyping allows better identification of sources potentially linked with human infection and emerging subpopulations, along with providing information on the risk of dissemination of plasmids and acquired antimicrobial resistance genes (AARGs). In addition, by reconstructing a phylogenetic tree with representative isolates from all serotypes (n=370), we demonstrated genetic variability within and between serotypes, which formed monophyletic, polyphyletic and paraphyletic clades. Moreover, we found (in the entire data set) an increased detection rate for AARGs linked to key antimicrobials (such as quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins) over time. The outputs of this large-scale analysis reveal new insights into the genetic diversity within and between serotypes; the polyphyly and paraphyly of certain serotypes may suggest that the subtyping of NTS to serotypes may not be sufficient. Moreover, the results and the methods presented here, leading to differentiation between genetic subpopulations based on their potential risk to public health, as well as narrowing down the possible sources of these infections, may be used as a baseline for subtyping of future NTS infections and help efforts to mitigate and prevent infections in the USA and globally.

Public Health Impact of Substance Use on Adolescent: A Snapshot of Yenagoa in Bayelsa State. Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morufu Raimi ◽  
Abdulraheem Aishat Funmilayo ◽  
Iteimowei Major ◽  
Okoyen Ebikapaye ◽  
Olaolu Oyinlola Bilewu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Public Health Impact

Analyzing the FDA Priority Review Voucher Program's Stimulation of Research and Public Health Impact

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-141
Author(s):  
Chris Bialas ◽  
Elizabeth Higbee-Dempsey ◽  
Cindy Y. Chen ◽  
Caitlin Ward ◽  
Oscar A Marcos-Contreras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Public Health Impact ◽  
Priority Review ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals What the Aftermath of the Global Pandemic Will Mean for Neurologists

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-303
Author(s):  
Stela Rutovic ◽  
Ekaterina Volevach ◽  
Hana Maršálková ◽  
Ana Isabel Fumagalli ◽  
Francesco Corea
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Public Health Impact ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Socioeconomic Burden

The emergence of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the SARS-Cov2 virus has had a widespread public health impact, thus causing a significant socioeconomic burden [...]

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