scholarly journals Identification of genetic factors that modify motor performance and body weight using Collaborative Cross mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Hua Mao ◽  
Sasha A. Langley ◽  
Yurong Huang ◽  
Michael Hang ◽  
Kristofer E. Bouchard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Collaborative Cross

scholarly journals Studying the pharmacogenomic effect of cranberry extract on reducing body weight using collaborative cross mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Amer-Sarsour ◽  
Rawan Abu Saleh ◽  
Itzhak Ofek ◽  
Fuad A. Iraqi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Collaborative Cross ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds ◽  
Mouse Lines

The non-dialyzable material (NDM) of polyphenol-rich cranberry extract (CRE) powder (NDM-CRE) was studied for its effect of inducing body weight (BW) loss in 13 different mouse lines with well-defined genetically diverse backgrounds, named the collaborative cross (CC).

Feeling Sick

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-78
Author(s):  
Pamela K. Keel
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Purging Disorder ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
The Brain

Eating is fundamental to our survival and subject to numerous biological regulators that influence when, what, and how much we eat. This makes biological factors central to any answer for why someone develops purging disorder. Genetic factors impact body weight and temperament and may even influence a person’s susceptibility to nausea and vomiting. Yet data from family and twin studies suggest that genes may play a slightly smaller role in risk for purging disorder compared to other eating disorders. Instead, biological responses to food intake may explain the unique configuration of purging after consuming normal amounts of food in purging disorder. Compared to those with bulimia, individuals with purging disorder have greater release of hormones that trigger the brain to stop eating. Compared to those with bulimia and those without an eating disorder, individuals with purging disorder release excessive amounts of a hormone that triggers feelings of nausea and stomachache.

Differences in food resource allocation in a long-term selection experiment for litter size in mice 2. Developmental trends in body weight against food intake

2000 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Rauw ◽  
P. Luiting ◽  
M. W. A. Verstegen ◽  
O. Vangen ◽  
P. W. Knap
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Growth Efficiency ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Maintenance Requirements

AbstractIn the accompanying paper, specific genetic factors for body weight and food intake were identified in non-reproductive male and female mice of a line selected for high litter size at birth (average of 22 born per litter) and a non-selected control line (average of 10 born per litter). The existence of these factors are indicated by variation in efficiency parameters such as growth efficiency and maintenance requirements. Residual food intake (RFI) and Parks’ estimates of growth efficiency (AB) and maintenance requirements (MEm) were used to quantify these factors. In the growing period, females had a higher RFI (are less efficient) than males. At maturity, selected mice had higher RFI than control mice and selected females had higher RFI than selected males. AB was higher in selected-line mice than in control-line mice, and higher in males than in females. MEm was higher in selected-line mice than in control-line mice, and higher in females than in males. The results indicate the existence of specific genetic factors for both growth efficiency and maintenance requirements. Selected females may increase RFI in the adult state to anticipate the metabolically stressful periods of pregnancy and lactation, to support a genetically highly increased litter size.

scholarly journals Therapy of obesity by sibutramin: polymorphisms of TPH2 and GNB3 genes and decrease of body weight

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Marina O. Galieva ◽  
Ekaterina A. Troshina ◽  
Nataliya V. Mazurina ◽  
Anna P. Volynkina ◽  
Andrey V. Artiushin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tph2 Gene

Aims. To study of the polymorphisms of the TPN2 and GNB3 genes in obese patients and their effect on weight loss in patients on sibutramine therapy. Materials and methods. The research study included 118 patients with exogenous-constitutional obesity who received Reduxin (sibutramine + CMC) at the dose of 10 mg. Term follow-up was 3 months. A genetic study was performed to assess ТРН2 and GNB3 gene polymorphisms. The response to the therapy was evaluated after 3 months by the dynamics of body weight. Results. In the study the G703T polymorphism of the GNB3 gene showed that during 3 months of observation, carriers of the TT genotype had a greater decrease in body weight in comparison with carriers of the allele C -8 kg (-12; -5) vs. -5 kg (-8; -3), p = 0.018. In carriers of different variants of the genotype of the TPH2 gene (polymorphism C825T), there was no difference in body weight dynamics with sibutramine therapy. There was no correlation between the foresaid polymorphisms of the TPH2 and GNB3 genes with the indices of blood pressure and heart rate. Conclusions. 1. The result of sibutramin therapy may depend on genetic factors: in carriers of the TT-genotype C825T of the GNB3 gene the body weight loss was higher than among the carriers of the C allele. 2. Changes in blood pressure and heart rate did not show any statistically significant relationship with polymorphisms of the TPH2 and GNB3 genes.

scholarly journals Antipsychotic Behavioral Phenotypes in the Mouse Collaborative Cross Recombinant Inbred Inter-Crosses (RIX)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3165-3177
Author(s):  
Paola Giusti-Rodríguez ◽  
James G Xenakis ◽  
James J Crowley ◽  
Randal J Nonneman ◽  
Daniela M DeCristo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Collaborative Cross ◽  
Typical Antipsychotic ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Orofacial Movements ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Vacuous Chewing

Abstract Schizophrenia is an idiopathic disorder that affects approximately 1% of the human population, and presents with persistent delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized behaviors. Antipsychotics are the standard pharmacological treatment for schizophrenia, but are frequently discontinued by patients due to inefficacy and/or side effects. Chronic treatment with the typical antipsychotic haloperidol causes tardive dyskinesia (TD), which manifests as involuntary and often irreversible orofacial movements in around 30% of patients. Mice treated with haloperidol develop many of the features of TD, including jaw tremors, tongue protrusions, and vacuous chewing movements (VCMs). In this study, we used genetically diverse Collaborative Cross (CC) recombinant inbred inter-cross (RIX) mice to elucidate the genetic basis of antipsychotic-induced adverse drug reactions (ADRs). We performed a battery of behavioral tests in 840 mice from 73 RIX lines (derived from 62 CC strains) treated with haloperidol or placebo in order to monitor the development of ADRs. We used linear mixed models to test for strain and treatment effects. We observed highly significant strain effects for almost all behavioral measurements investigated (P < 0.001). Further, we observed strong strain-by-treatment interactions for most phenotypes, particularly for changes in distance traveled, vertical activity, and extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). Estimates of overall heritability ranged from 0.21 (change in body weight) to 0.4 (VCMs and change in distance traveled) while the portion attributable to the interactions of treatment and strain ranged from 0.01 (for change in body weight) to 0.15 (for change in EPS). Interestingly, close to 30% of RIX mice exhibited VCMs, a sensitivity to haloperidol exposure, approximately similar to the rate of TD in humans chronically exposed to haloperidol. Understanding the genetic basis for the susceptibility to antipsychotic ADRs may be possible in mouse, and extrapolation to humans could lead to safer therapeutic approaches for schizophrenia.

Methyl mercury induced visual deficits in rainbow trout

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 3127-3133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig W. Hawryshyn ◽  
William C. Mackay ◽  
Thomy H. Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Response Latency ◽  
Methyl Mercury ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Visual Sensitivity ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Visual Deficits

Scotopic spectral sensitivity of 15 rainbow trout was determined using a two-choice, operant-conditioning task. Maximum sensitivity occurred at 525 nm and generally declined at longer and shorter wavelengths with evidence of a "shoulder" at 600–650 nm. Fifteen days after injection with either saline control (n = 4) or 4.6–6.2 mg of methyl mercury chloride per kilogram of body weight (n = 9); measurements of response latency and trials to criterion revealed that methyl mercury (MEHG) did not affect memory or motor performance. MEHG did produce significant spectrally uniform decrements in visual sensitivity. These results suggest that MEHG impaired both the scotopic and photopic mechanisms of MEHG-treated rainbow trout.

scholarly journals Genetic and non-genetic factors affecting body weight in Tellicherry goats

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A,K Thiruvenkadan ◽  
M Murugan ◽  
K Karunanithi ◽  
J Muralidharan ◽  
K Chinnamani
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Architecture of energy balance traits in emerging lines of the Collaborative Cross

2011 ◽  
Vol 300 (6) ◽  
pp. E1124-E1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Foulds Mathes ◽  
David L. Aylor ◽  
Darla R. Miller ◽  
Gary A. Churchill ◽  
Elissa J. Chesler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Wheel Running ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
Collaborative Cross ◽  
Voluntary Exercise ◽  
Shared Ancestry ◽  
Primary Focus

The potential utility of the Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse resource was evaluated to better understand complex traits related to energy balance. A primary focus was to examine if genetic diversity in emerging CC lines (pre-CC) would translate into equivalent phenotypic diversity. Second, we mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) for 15 metabolism- and exercise-related phenotypes in this population. We evaluated metabolic and voluntary exercise traits in 176 pre-CC lines, revealing phenotypic variation often exceeding that seen across the eight founder strains from which the pre-CC was derived. Many phenotypic correlations existing within the founder strains were no longer significant in the pre-CC population, potentially representing reduced linkage disequilibrium (LD) of regions harboring multiple genes with effects on energy balance or disruption of genetic structure of extant inbred strains with substantial shared ancestry. QTL mapping revealed five significant and eight suggestive QTL for body weight (Chr 4, 7.54 Mb; CI 3.32–10.34 Mb; Bwq14), body composition, wheel running (Chr 16, 33.2 Mb; CI 32.5–38.3 Mb), body weight change in response to exercise (1: Chr 6, 77.7Mb; CI 72.2–83.4 Mb and 2: Chr 6, 42.8 Mb; CI 39.4–48.1 Mb), and food intake during exercise (Chr 12, 85.1 Mb; CI 82.9–89.0 Mb). Some QTL overlapped with previously mapped QTL for similar traits, whereas other QTL appear to represent novel loci. These results suggest that the CC will be a powerful, high-precision tool for examining the genetic architecture of complex traits such as those involved in regulation of energy balance.

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