scholarly journals Long-term rice cultivation stabilizes soil organic carbon and promotes soil microbial activity in a salt marsh derived soil chronosequence

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Yalong Liu ◽  
Lianqing Li ◽  
Kun Cheng ◽  
Jufeng Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Soil Chronosequence ◽  
Soil Microbial

Effects of treated wastewater irrigation on the dissolved and soil organic carbon in Israeli soils

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 727-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jueschke ◽  
B. Marschner ◽  
J. Tarchitzky ◽  
Y. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Irrigation Period

In many arid and semi-arid regions, the demand for drinking water and other domestic uses is constantly growing due to demographic growth and increasing standard of living. Therefore, less freshwater is available for agricultural irrigation and new water sources are needed. Treated wastewater (TWW) already serves as an important water source in Israel since more than 40 years and its usage will further be extended. Related to its high loads with nutrients, salts and organic materials its use as irrigation water can have major effects on the soil physical, chemical and biological properties, in the worst case leading to soil degradation. Additional organic matter reaches the soil with the effluent water and soil microbial activity is stimulated. Soil organic carbon (SOC) seems to accumulate in the topsoil and tends to decrease after long-term irrigation with secondary TWW in the subsoil. The amount of dissolved organic carbon increased and the aromaticity of the organic compounds in the soil percolates decreased over the irrigation period. Priming effects, occurring after stimulation of microbial activity by the addition of easily degradable substances, could be found in the soils and were stronger for subsoil (1 m depth).

scholarly journals Ant nests as a microbial hot spots in a long-term heavy metal-contaminated soils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Klimek ◽  
Hanna Poliwka-Modliborek ◽  
Irena M. Grześ
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Lasius Niger ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Ant Nests

AbstractInteractions between soil fauna and soil microorganisms are not fully recognized, especially in extreme environments, such as long-term metal-polluted soils. The purpose of the study was to assess how the presence of Lasius niger ants affected soil microbial characteristics in a long-term metal-polluted area (Upper Silesia in Poland). Paired soil samples were taken from bulk soil and from ant nests and analysed for a range of soil physicochemical properties, including metal content (zinc, cadmium, and lead). Microbial analysis included soil microbial activity (soil respiration rate), microbial biomass (substrate-induced respiration rate), and bacteria catabolic properties (Biolog® ECO plates). Soil collected from ant nests was drier and was characterized by a lower content of organic matter, carbon and nitrogen contents, and also lower metal content than bulk soil. Soil microbial respiration rate was positively related to soil pH (p = 0.01) and negatively to water-soluble metal content, integrated into TIws index (p = 0.01). Soil microbial biomass was negatively related to TIws index (p = 0.04). Neither soil microbial activity and biomass nor bacteria catabolic activity and diversity indices differed between bulk soil and ant nests. Taken together, ant activity reduced soil contamination by metals in a microscale which support microbial community activity and biomass but did not affect Biolog® culturable bacteria.

Soil Microbial and Enzyme Properties as Affected by Long-Term Exposure to Phthalate Esters

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 3653-3656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Lun Chen ◽  
Jun Yao ◽  
Fei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Phthalate Esters ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dioctyl Phthalate ◽  
Dimethyl Phthalate ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Long Term Impact

In this study, an isothermal microcalorimetry was used to demonstrate the long-term impact of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), dipropyl phthalate (DBP), dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and dicyclohexyl phthalate (DEHP) on the soil microbial activity. Generally, the toxicity order of four phthalate esters (PAEs) is DBP>DMP>DOP>DEHP. The PAEs show inhibitory effect when the soil was exposed to PAEs for 10 days and the PAEs will have a small stimulate effect after 30 days, and then the PAEs inhibit the soil microorganisms again. The effect of PAEs on soil microbial activity is almost the same as those on urease activity.

scholarly journals Changes in Soil Microbial Activity, Bacterial Community Composition and Function in a Long-Term Continuous Soybean Cropping System After Corn Insertion and Fertilization

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demin Rao ◽  
Fangang Meng ◽  
Xiaoyan Yan ◽  
Minghao Zhang ◽  
Xingdong Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Functional Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

Corn-soybean rotation and fertilization are common practices improving soil fertility and crop yield. Their effects on bacterial community have been extensively studied, yet, few comprehensive studies about the microbial activity, bacterial community and functional groups in a long-term continuous soybean cropping system after corn insertion and fertilization. The effects of corn insertions (Sm: no corn insertion, CS: 3 cycles of corn-soybean rotations and CCS: 2 cycles of corn-corn-soybean rotations) with two fertilization regimes (No fertilization and NPK) on bacterial community and microbial activity were investigated in a long-term field experiment. The bacterial communities among treatments were evaluated using high-throughput sequencing then bacterial functions were predicted based on the FaProTax database. Soil respiration and extracellular enzyme activities were used to assess soil microbial activity. Soil bacterial community structure was significantly altered by corn insertions (p < 0.01) and fertilization (p < 0.01), whereas bacterial functional structure was only affected by corn insertion (p < 0.01). The activities of four enzymes (invertase, β-glucosidase, β-xylosidase, and β-D-1,4-cellobiohydrolase) involved in soil C cycling were enhanced by NPK fertilizer, and were also enhanced by corn insertions except for the invertase and β-xylosidase under NPK fertilization. NPK fertilizer significantly improved soil microbial activity except for soil metabolic quotient (qCO2) and the microbial quotient under corn insertions. Corn insertions also significantly improved soil microbial activity except for the ratio of soil induced respiration (SIR) to basal respiration (BR) under fertilization and the qCO2 was decreased by corn insertions. These activity parameters were highly correlated with the soil functional capability of aromatic compound degradation, which was the main predictors of bacterial functional structure. In general, the combination of soil microbial activity, bacterial community and corresponding functional analysis provided comprehensive insights into compositional and functional adaptations to corn insertions and fertilization.

Grazing and mowing impact on soil organic carbon and microbial activity in grassland soil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliia Gilmullina ◽  
Cornelia Rumpel ◽  
Evgenia Blagodatskaya ◽  
Michaela Dippold ◽  
Frederique Louault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Grassland Management ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Soil Microbial

<p>Grassland management practices, such as grazing with varying animal density and mowing may impact the processes leading to soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation. Although, they serve similar agricultural purposes, they differ in their effect on plant physiology and their influence on SOC remains uncertain. We hypothesised that both practices affect SOC storage differently due to an altered plant C input and changed growth and physiological response leading consequently to contrasting soil microbial activity.</p><p>Based on this, our experiment included the investigation of three grassland treatments: grazing at two intensities and mowing which are located at the experimental station of SOERE ACBB (Clermont-Ferrand, France). Additionally, we included bare soil and unmanaged abandoned site considering as negative and positive controls, accordingly. The aim of the study was to estimate how grazing and mowing affect SOC chemical characteristics and its link with microbial activity.</p><p>Our results show highest SOC contents under low grazing intensity, whereas SOC content under high grazing intensity was lower and did not differ from abandoned grassland. SOC content under mowing was lowest among all treatments but still higher compared to bare soil. Microbial biomass C (MBC) followed a similar pattern under high grazing intensity and positive control whereas it was similar under mowing and low grazing intensity and lowest under bare soil. Absolute enzyme activities showed a similar tendency as SOC content. However, enzyme activities per MBC resulted in highest values under low grazing intensity and similarly lower values under all other treatments.</p><p>These results demonstrate that microbial parameters responded to management in various ways most probably related to the differences in dung and litter inputs. We suggest that dung input under high grazing intensity increased MBC and consequently compensated for plant removal thus keeping SOC contents increasing. Consequently, grazing at both intensities allows to maintain SOC at similar levels as in absence of management. While on unmanaged land high SOC may be related to absence of harvest, on grazed land it may be related to stimulation of microbial activity due to animal activity. Mowing treatment on the other hand did not allow to increase SOC.</p><p>We conclude that the presence of animals in the system is essential to improve soil heath, biogeochemical cycling, and SOC storage.</p>

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