scholarly journals Comparative transcriptomics reveals key differences in the response to milk oligosaccharides of infant gut-associated bifidobacteria

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Garrido ◽  
Santiago Ruiz-Moyano ◽  
Danielle G. Lemay ◽  
David A. Sela ◽  
J. Bruce German ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Orthologous Genes ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Utilization Patterns

Abstract Breast milk enhances the predominance of Bifidobacterium species in the infant gut, probably due to its large concentration of human milk oligosaccharides (HMO). Here we screened infant-gut isolates of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis and Bifidobacterium bifidum using individual HMO and compared the global transcriptomes of representative isolates on major HMO by RNA-seq. While B. infantis displayed homogeneous HMO-utilization patterns, B. bifidum were more diverse and some strains did not use fucosyllactose (FL) or sialyllactose (SL). Transcriptomes of B. bifidum SC555 and B. infantis ATCC 15697 showed that utilization of pooled HMO is similar to neutral HMO, while transcriptomes for growth on FL were more similar to lactose than HMO in B. bifidum. Genes linked to HMO-utilization were upregulated by neutral HMO and SL, but not by FL in both species. In contrast, FL induced the expression of alternative gene clusters in B. infantis. Results also suggest that B. bifidum SC555 does not utilize fucose or sialic acid from HMO. Surprisingly, expression of orthologous genes differed between both bifidobacteria even when grown on identical substrates. This study highlights two major strategies found in Bifidobacterium species to process HMO and presents detailed information on the close relationship between HMO and infant-gut bifidobacteria.

scholarly journals Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis uses two different β-galactosidases for selectively degrading type-1 and type-2 human milk oligosaccharides

Glycobiology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erina Yoshida ◽  
Haruko Sakurama ◽  
Masashi Kiyohara ◽  
Masahiro Nakajima ◽  
Motomitsu Kitaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides

scholarly journals Variation in Consumption of Human Milk Oligosaccharides by Infant Gut-Associated Strains of Bifidobacterium breve

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (19) ◽  
pp. 6040-6049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Ruiz-Moyano ◽  
Sarah M. Totten ◽  
Daniel A. Garrido ◽  
Jennifer T. Smilowitz ◽  
J. Bruce German ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Glycosyl Hydrolase ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bifidobacterium Breve ◽  
Infant Feces ◽  
Breast Fed

ABSTRACTHuman milk contains a high concentration of complex oligosaccharides that influence the composition of the intestinal microbiota in breast-fed infants. Previous studies have indicated that select species such asBifidobacterium longumsubsp.infantisandBifidobacterium bifidumcan utilize human milk oligosaccharides (HMO)in vitroas the sole carbon source, while the relatively fewB. longumsubsp.longumandBifidobacterium breveisolates tested appear less adapted to these substrates. Considering the high frequency at whichB. breveis isolated from breast-fed infant feces, we postulated that someB. brevestrains can more vigorously consume HMO and thus are enriched in the breast-fed infant gastrointestinal tract. To examine this, a number ofB. breveisolates from breast-fed infant feces were characterized for the presence of different glycosyl hydrolases that participate in HMO utilization, as well as by their ability to grow on HMO or specific HMO species such as lacto-N-tetraose (LNT) and fucosyllactose. AllB. brevestrains showed high levels of growth on LNT and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), and, in general, growth on total HMO was moderate for most of the strains, with several strain differences. Growth and consumption of fucosylated HMO were strain dependent, mostly in isolates possessing a glycosyl hydrolase family 29 α-fucosidase. Glycoprofiling of the spent supernatant after HMO fermentation by select strains revealed that allB. brevestrains can utilize sialylated HMO to a certain extent, especially sialyl-lacto-N-tetraose. Interestingly, this specific oligosaccharide was depleted before neutral LNT by strain SC95. In aggregate, this work indicates that the HMO consumption phenotype inB. breveis variable; however, some strains display specific adaptations to these substrates, enabling more vigorous consumption of fucosylated and sialylated HMO. These results provide a rationale for the predominance of this species in breast-fed infant feces and contribute to a more accurate picture of the ecology of the developing infant intestinal microbiota.

scholarly journals Breast milk-derived human milk oligosaccharides promote Bifidobacterium interactions within a single ecosystem

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 635-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa A. E. Lawson ◽  
Ian J. O’Neill ◽  
Magdalena Kujawska ◽  
Sree Gowrinadh Javvadi ◽  
Anisha Wijeyesekera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Breast Fed

AbstractDiet-microbe interactions play an important role in modulating the early-life microbiota, with Bifidobacterium strains and species dominating the gut of breast-fed infants. Here, we sought to explore how infant diet drives distinct bifidobacterial community composition and dynamics within individual infant ecosystems. Genomic characterisation of 19 strains isolated from breast-fed infants revealed a diverse genomic architecture enriched in carbohydrate metabolism genes, which was distinct to each strain, but collectively formed a pangenome across infants. Presence of gene clusters implicated in digestion of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) varied between species, with growth studies indicating that within single infants there were differences in the ability to utilise 2′FL and LNnT HMOs between strains. Cross-feeding experiments were performed with HMO degraders and non-HMO users (using spent or ‘conditioned’ media and direct co-culture). Further 1H-NMR analysis identified fucose, galactose, acetate, and N-acetylglucosamine as key by-products of HMO metabolism; as demonstrated by modest growth of non-HMO users on spend media from HMO metabolism. These experiments indicate how HMO metabolism permits the sharing of resources to maximise nutrient consumption from the diet and highlights the cooperative nature of bifidobacterial strains and their role as ‘foundation’ species in the infant ecosystem. The intra- and inter-infant bifidobacterial community behaviour may contribute to the diversity and dominance of Bifidobacterium in early life and suggests avenues for future development of new diet and microbiota-based therapies to promote infant health.

Microbial production of sialic acid and sialylated human milk oligosaccharides: Advances and perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 787-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Zhang ◽  
Yanfeng Liu ◽  
Long Liu ◽  
Jianghua Li ◽  
Guocheng Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Microbial Production ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides

scholarly journals Bifidobacterium bifidum Lacto-N-Biosidase, a Critical Enzyme for the Degradation of Human Milk Oligosaccharides with a Type 1 Structure

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (13) ◽  
pp. 3996-4004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wada ◽  
Takuro Ando ◽  
Masashi Kiyohara ◽  
Hisashi Ashida ◽  
Motomitsu Kitaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽  
Glycoside Hydrolase Family ◽  
Carbohydrate Binding ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Hydrolase Family

ABSTRACT Breast-fed infants often have intestinal microbiota dominated by bifidobacteria in contrast to formula-fed infants. We found that several bifidobacterial strains produce a lacto-N-biosidase that liberates lacto-N-biose I (Galβ1,3GlcNAc; type 1 chain) from lacto-N-tetraose (Galβ1,3GlcNAcβ1,3Galβ1,4Glc), which is a major component of human milk oligosaccharides, and subsequently isolated the gene from Bifidobacterium bifidum JCM1254. The gene, designated lnbB, was predicted to encode a protein of 1,112 amino acid residues containing a signal peptide and a membrane anchor at the N and C termini, respectively, and to possess the domain of glycoside hydrolase family 20, carbohydrate binding module 32, and bacterial immunoglobulin-like domain 2, in that order, from the N terminus. The recombinant enzyme showed substrate preference for the unmodified β-linked lacto-N-biose I structure. Lacto-N-biosidase activity was found in several bifidobacterial strains, but not in the other enteric bacteria, such as clostridia, bacteroides, and lactobacilli, under the tested conditions. These results, together with our recent finding of a novel metabolic pathway specific for lacto-N-biose I in bifidobacterial cells, suggest that some of the bifidobacterial strains are highly adapted for utilizing human milk oligosaccharides with a type 1 chain.

Assessment of the synbiotic properites of human milk oligosaccharides and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis in vitro and in humanised mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Musilova ◽  
N. Modrackova ◽  
P. Hermanova ◽  
T. Hudcovic ◽  
R. Svejstil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
High Concentrations

The mode of delivery plays a crucial role in infant gastrointestinal tract colonisation, which in the case of caesarean section is characterised by the presence of clostridia and low bifidobacterial counts. Gut colonisation can be modified by probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are infant prebiotics that show a bifidogenic effect. Moreover, genome sequencing of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis within the infant microbiome revealed adaptations for milk utilisation. This study aimed to evaluate the synbiotic effect of B. longum subsp. infantis, HMOs and human milk (HM) both in vitro and in vivo (in a humanised mouse model) in the presence of faecal microbiota from infants born by caesarean section. The combination of B. longum and HMOs or HM reduced the clostridia and G-bacteria counts both in vitro and in vivo. The bifidobacterial population in vitro significantly increased and produce high concentrations of acetate and lactate. In vitro competition assays confirmed that the tested bifidobacterial strain is a potential probiotic for infants and, together with HMOs or HM, acts as a synbiotic. It is also able to inhibit potentially pathogenic bacteria. The synbiotic effects identified in vitro were not observed in vivo. However, there was a significant reduction in clostridia counts in both experimental animal groups (HMOs + B. longum and HM + B. longum), and a specific immune response via increased interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-6 production. Animal models do not perfectly mimic human conditions; however, they are essential for testing the safety of functional foods.

scholarly journals Oligosaccharides Released from Milk Glycoproteins Are Selective Growth Substrates for Infant-Associated Bifidobacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 3622-3630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sercan Karav ◽  
Annabelle Le Parc ◽  
Juliana Maria Leite Nobrega de Moura Bell ◽  
Steven A. Frese ◽  
Nina Kirmiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Selective Growth ◽  
Whey Protein Concentrate ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Growth Substrates

ABSTRACTMilk, in addition to nourishing the neonate, provides a range of complex glycans whose construction ensures a specific enrichment of key members of the gut microbiota in the nursing infant, a consortium known as the milk-oriented microbiome. Milk glycoproteins are thought to function similarly, as specific growth substrates for bifidobacteria common to the breast-fed infant gut. Recently, a cell wall-associated endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (EndoBI-1) found in various infant-borne bifidobacteria was shown to remove a range of intactN-linked glycans. We hypothesized that these released oligosaccharide structures can serve as a sole source for the selective growth of bifidobacteria. We demonstrated that EndoBI-1 releasedN-glycans from concentrated bovine colostrum at the pilot scale. EndoBI-1-releasedN-glycans supported the rapid growth ofBifidobacterium longumsubsp.infantis(B. infantis), a species that grows well on human milk oligosaccharides, but did not support growth ofBifidobacterium animalissubsp.lactis(B. lactis), a species which does not. Conversely,B. infantisATCC 15697 did not grow on the deglycosylated milk protein fraction, clearly demonstrating that the glycan portion of milk glycoproteins provided the key substrate for growth. Mass spectrometry-based profiling revealed thatB. infantisconsumed 73% of neutral and 92% of sialylatedN-glycans, whileB. lactisdegraded only 11% of neutral and virtually no (<1%) sialylatedN-glycans. These results provide mechanistic support thatN-linked glycoproteins from milk serve as selective substrates for the enrichment of infant-associated bifidobacteria capable of carrying out the initial deglycosylation. Moreover, releasedN-glycans were better growth substrates than the intact milk glycoproteins, suggesting that EndoBI-1 cleavage is a key initial step in consumption of glycoproteins. Finally, the variety ofN-glycans released from bovine milk glycoproteins suggests that they may serve as novel prebiotic substrates with selective properties similar to those of human milk oligosaccharides.IMPORTANCEIt has been previously shown that glycoproteins serve as growth substrates for bifidobacteria. However, which part of a glycoprotein (glycans or polypeptides) is responsible for this function was not known. In this study, we used a novel enzyme to cleave conjugatedN-glycans from milk glycoproteins and tested their consumption by various bifidobacteria. The results showed that the glycans selectively stimulated the growth ofB. infantis, which is a key infant gut microbe. The selectivity of consumption of individualN-glycans was determined using advanced mass spectrometry (nano-liquid chromatography chip–quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry [nano-LC-Chip-Q-TOF MS]) to reveal thatB. infantiscan consume the range of glycan structures released from whey protein concentrate.

scholarly journals Bifidobacterium bifidum Lacto-N-Biosidase, a Critical Enzyme for the Degradation of Human Milk Oligosaccharides with a Type 1 Structure

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (19) ◽  
pp. 6414-6414
Author(s):  
Jun Wada ◽  
Takuro Ando ◽  
Masashi Kiyohara ◽  
Hisashi Ashida ◽  
Motomitsu Kitaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides
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