scholarly journals Shedding dynamics of Morogoro virus, an African arenavirus closely related to Lassa virus, in its natural reservoir host Mastomys natalensis

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benny Borremans ◽  
Raphaël Vossen ◽  
Beate Becker-Ziaja ◽  
Sophie Gryseels ◽  
Nelika Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Lassa Virus ◽  
Mastomys Natalensis ◽  
Natural Reservoir ◽  
Morogoro Virus

scholarly journals Experimental Morogoro Virus Infection in Its Natural Host, Mastomys natalensis

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 851
Author(s):  
Chris Hoffmann ◽  
Stephanie Wurr ◽  
Elisa Pallasch ◽  
Sabrina Bockholt ◽  
Toni Rieger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Persistent Infection ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Natural Host ◽  
Lassa Virus ◽  
Mastomys Natalensis ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Morogoro Virus ◽  
The Impact

Natural hosts of most arenaviruses are rodents. The human-pathogenic Lassa virus and several non-pathogenic arenaviruses such as Morogoro virus (MORV) share the same host species, namely Mastomys natalensis (M. natalensis). In this study, we investigated the history of infection and virus transmission within the natural host population. To this end, we infected M. natalensis at different ages with MORV and measured the health status of the animals, virus load in blood and organs, the development of virus-specific antibodies, and the ability of the infected individuals to transmit the virus. To explore the impact of the lack of evolutionary virus–host adaptation, experiments were also conducted with Mobala virus (MOBV), which does not share M. natalensis as a natural host. Animals infected with MORV up to two weeks after birth developed persistent infection, seroconverted and were able to transmit the virus horizontally. Animals older than two weeks at the time of infection rapidly cleared the virus. In contrast, MOBV-infected neonates neither developed persistent infection nor were able to transmit the virus. In conclusion, we demonstrate that MORV is able to develop persistent infection in its natural host, but only after inoculation shortly after birth. A related arenavirus that is not evolutionarily adapted to M. natalensis is not able to establish persistent infection. Persistently infected animals appear to be important to maintain virus transmission within the host population.

scholarly journals Lassa Virus in the Host Rodent Mastomys Natalensis within Urban Areas of N’zerekore, Guinea

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
LS Karan ◽  
MT Makenov ◽  
MG Korneev ◽  
N Sacko ◽  
S Boumbaly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Lassa Virus ◽  
Mastomys Natalensis ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The City ◽  
Lineage Iv

AbstractLassa virus is the causative agent of a dangerous zoonotic disease distributed in West Africa. A primary reservoir host of Lassa virus is Mastomys natalensis. These mice associate closely with humans and are commonly found in villages. Consequently, previous studies of Lassa virus have focused on rural areas. The prevalence of the virus in large cities has not been studied.We conducted a study in N’Zerekore city, which has a population of approximately 300,000 residents. Small mammals were captured during a pilot study in May, and the main study was performed in August 2018. Based on the pilot study, we designed and implemented a stratified random sample to investigate the prevalence of Lassa virus among M. natalensis in N’Zerekore. The total sampling efforts consisted of 45 and 985 trapping nights in May and August, respectively. Samples of rodent tissues were screened for Lassa virus by RT-PCR.In May, we trapped 20 rodents, including 19 M. natalensis. Viral RNA was detected in 18 M. natalensis. In August, 149 small mammals were captured, including 43 M. natalensis. The prevalence of Lassa virus among M. natalensis in N’Zerekore was 23.3% (CI 95%: 11.8–38.6%). Sequencing showed that the isolates belonged to lineage IV. We detected four Lassa virus hotspots located in different parts of the city. The largest Lassa virus hotspot was found in the neighborhood of the central market, which suggests that the virus was originally introduced into the city through the market.

scholarly journals Inoculation route-dependent Lassa virus dissemination and shedding dynamics in the natural reservoir – Mastomys natalensis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
D.M. Wozniak ◽  
S.A. Riesle-Sbarbaro ◽  
N. Kirchoff ◽  
K. Hansen-Kant ◽  
A. Wahlbrink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lassa Virus ◽  
Mastomys Natalensis ◽  
Natural Reservoir ◽  
Virus Dissemination ◽  
Inoculation Route

scholarly journals The hamster as a secondary reservoir host of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus

1976 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Skinner ◽  
E. H. Knight ◽  
L. S. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis ◽  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Natural Reservoir ◽  
Virus Source ◽  
Simulated Field

SUMMARYExposure of weaned hamsters to an environment contaminated with LCM virus shed by tolerantly infected mice led to short subclinical infections. If infection occurred in early pregnancy, the young appeared normal at birth but their tissues were highly infective. For two to three months their bites and urine were also highly infective. A viraemia did not persist long enough for successive vertical transmissions of the infection to be likely. However, the viruria persisted in most prenatally infected hamsters for at least eight months and under simulated field conditions was a potent virus source for contact infections, leading to further generations of prenatally infected young. In the absence of the natural reservoir host, such long-term carriers could have been a major factor in causing the build-up of infection in colonies of hamsters which, when purchased as household pets, led to a recent spate of human clinical infections in Germany and the U.S.A.

Lassa Virus Isolation from Mastomys natalensis Rodents during an Epidemic in Sierra Leone

Science ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 185 (4147) ◽  
pp. 263-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. P. Monath ◽  
V. F. Newhouse ◽  
G. E. Kemp ◽  
H. W. Setzer ◽  
A. Cacciapuoti
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Virus Isolation ◽  
Lassa Virus ◽  
Mastomys Natalensis

scholarly journals Three arenaviruses in three subspecific natal multimammate mouse taxa in Tanzania: same host specificity, but different spatial genetic structure?

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura N Cuypers ◽  
Stuart J E Baird ◽  
Alexandra Hánová ◽  
Tatjana Locus ◽  
Abdul S Katakweba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
First Record ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Lassa Virus ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Morogoro Virus ◽  
Test Specificity ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Mastomys natalensis is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa and hosts several arenavirus species, including the pathogenic zoonotic Lassa virus in West Africa. Mitochondrial lineages sub-divide the range of M. natalensis and have been associated with cryptic structure within the species. To test specificity of arenaviruses to hosts carrying these lineages, we screened 1772 M. natalensis in a large area of Tanzania where three mitochondrial lineages meet. We detected fifty-two individuals that were positive for one of three arenaviruses: Gairo, Morogoro, and Luna virus. This is the first record of Luna virus in Tanzania. We confirmed the specificity of each arenavirus to a distinct host mitochondrial lineage except for three cases in one locality at the centre of a host hybrid zone. No arenaviruses were detected in a large part of the study area. Morogoro and Gairo virus showed differences in prevalence (Morogoro virus lower than Gairo virus) and in genetic structure (Morogoro virus more structured than Gairo virus). However, both viruses have genetic neighbourhood size estimates of the same order of magnitude as Lassa virus. While differences in arenavirus and/or host evolutionary and ecological dynamics may exist, Tanzanian arenaviruses could be suited to model Lassa virus dynamics in M. natalensis.

Fluctuation of Abundance and Lassa Virus Prevalence in Mastomys natalensis in Guinea, West Africa

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Fichet-Calvet ◽  
Emilie Lecompte ◽  
Lamine Koivogui ◽  
Barré Soropogui ◽  
Amadou Doré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Lassa Virus ◽  
Mastomys Natalensis ◽  
Virus Prevalence

Case-Control Study of Mastomys Natalensis and Humans in Lassa Virus-Infected Households in Sierra Leone *

1983 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 829-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Keenlyside ◽  
Karl M. Johnson ◽  
Patricia A. Webb ◽  
Ethleen Smith ◽  
Luanne Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Lassa Virus ◽  
Mastomys Natalensis ◽  
Control Study
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