scholarly journals Quality of fresh organic matter affects priming of soil organic matter and substrate utilization patterns of microbes

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Thomas W. Boutton ◽  
Wenhua Xu ◽  
Guoqing Hu ◽  
Ping Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Substrate Utilization ◽  
Fresh Organic Matter ◽  
Utilization Patterns

Conversion of Brazilian savannah to agricultural land affects quantity and quality of labile soil organic matter

Geoderma ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 406 ◽  
pp. 115509
Author(s):  
Rafael S. Santos ◽  
Martin Wiesmeier ◽  
Dener M.S. Oliveira ◽  
Jorge L. Locatelli ◽  
Matheus S.C. Barreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Brazilian Savannah ◽  
Labile Soil Organic Matter

scholarly journals Biomass of Coarse Woody Debris Following Fire and Clearcutting in Lodgepole Pine Forests

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 33-35
Author(s):  
Dennis Knight ◽  
Daniel Tinker
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Coarse Woody Debris ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Micro Organisms

In forest ecosystems, the decomposition of coarse woody debris, woody roots, twigs, leaves and micro-organisms is a primary source of mineral soil organic matter. Primary productivity, the accumulation of nutrients, and other important ecosystem processes are largely dependent on the mineral soil organic matter that has developed during hundreds or thousands of years. Large quantities of coarse woody debris are typically produced following natural disturbances such as fires, pest/pathogen outbreaks, and windstorms, and make a significant contribution to the formation of soil organic matter (SOM). In contrast, timber harvesting often removes much of the coarse woody debris (CWD), which could result in a decrease in the quantity and a change in the quality of mineral soil organic matter.

Quality of Soil Organic Matter Under Crop Rotations and Continuous Cultures

2013 ◽  
pp. 251-259
Author(s):  
B. P. Boincean ◽  
L. I. Bulat ◽  
M. A. Bugaciuc ◽  
M. Cebotari ◽  
V. V. Cuzeac
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Continuous Cultures

scholarly journals Effect of Different Doses of Nutrients on Changes of Soil Organic Matter in Rendzic Leptosol

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Vladimír Šimanský ◽  
Erika Tobiašová
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Different Doses

Abstract The effect of different doses of NPK fertilizer on the changes in quantity and quality of soil organic matter (SOM) in Rendzic Leptosol was evaluated. Soil samples were taken from three treatments of different fertilization: (1) control - without fertilization, (2) NPK 1 - doses of NPK fertilizer in 1st degree intensity for vine, and (3) NPK 3 - doses of NPK fertilizer in 3rd degree intensity for vine in the vineyard. Soil samples were collected in years 2008-2011 during the spring. The higher dose of NPK fertilizer (3rd degree intensity of vineyards fertilization) was responsible for the higher content of labile carbon (by 21% in 0-0.3 m and by 11% as average of the two depths 0-0.3 m and 0.3-0.6 m). However, by application of a higher dose of NPK (1.39%) in comparison to no fertilizer treatment (1.35%) or NPK 1 (1.35%) the tendency of total organic carbon content increase and hot-water soluble carbon decrease were determined. Fertilization had a negative effect on SOM stability. Intensity of fertilization affected the changes in quantity and quality of SOM; therefore it is very important to pay attention to the quantity and quality of organic matter in productive vineyards.

Aliphatic carboxylic acids in buried Ah horizons in Alberta, Canada as paleoenvironmental indicators

1983 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 859-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Dormaar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Aliphatic Acids ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Paleoenvironmental Indicators

In southern Alberta, a buried Ah horizon is frequently present beneath Mazama tephra (ca. 6600 years BP). Drainage conditions during the formation of such buried Ah horizons may determine the quality of the aliphatic carboxylic acids in the soil organic matter. The spectrum of aliphatic acids extracted from a number of buried Ah horizons indeed suggests either well drained or poorly drained conditions during soil formation regardless of the mode of deposition of materials before or after the soil-forming interval. The climate required for development of the well drained paleosols was inferred to be similar to the climate under which surficial Black Chernozemic Ah horizons were formed.

scholarly journals Colimitation of decomposition by substrate and decomposers – a comparison of model formulations

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Wutzler ◽  
M. Reichstein
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Priming Effect ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Fresh Organic Matter ◽  
Decomposition Models ◽  
Decomposer Community ◽  
Som Decomposition

Abstract. Decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) is limited by both the available substrate and the active decomposer community. The understanding of this colimitation strongly affects the understanding of feedbacks of soil carbon to global warming and its consequences. This study compares different formulations of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition. We compiled formulations from literature into groups according to the representation of decomposer biomass on the SOM decomposition rate a) non-explicit (substrate only), b) linear, and c) non-linear. By varying the SOM decomposition equation in a basic simplified decomposition model, we analyzed the following questions. Is the priming effect represented? Under which conditions is SOM accumulation limited? And, how does steady state SOM stocks scale with amount of fresh organic matter (FOM) litter inputs? While formulations (a) did not represent the priming effect, with formulations (b) steady state SOM stocks were independent of amount of litter input. Further, with several formulations (c) there was an offset of SOM that was not decomposed when no fresh OM was supplied. The finding that a part of the SOM is not decomposed on exhaust of FOM supply supports the hypothesis of carbon stabilization in deep soil by the absence of energy-rich fresh organic matter. Different representations of colimitation of decomposition by substrate and decomposers in SOM decomposition models resulted in qualitatively different long-term behaviour. A collaborative effort by modellers and experimentalists is required to identify appropriate and inappropriate formulations.

scholarly journals TEKNOLOGI PENYAMBUNGAN (GRAFTING) MENDUKUNG PENGEMBANGAN, PEREMAJAAN DAN REHABILITASI PERTANAMAN JAMBU METE / Grafting Technology for Support Extensification, Replanting, and Rehabilitation of Cashew Plantation

Perspektif ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Rudi Suryadi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
Land Conservation ◽  
Marginal Land ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Pests And Diseases

<p>Initially cashew cultivation was aimed at marginal land conservation. A tight spacing (3 m x 3 m) so that the crown can cover the ground as quickly as possible to prevent soil erosion during rain and deciduous cashew leaves will add soil organic matter. Therefore aspects of plant productivity have not been a concern. As the price of cashew nuts tends to increase every year. This can encourage farmers to try cashew crops more seriously. At present, cashew cultivation is not only an effort to conserve marginal land, but also as a source of income for farmers, especially in Eastern Indonesia (KTI). Until 2016, Indonesia's cashew area had reached 514,491 ha with production of 137,094 tons. However, the level of productivity is considered still low, namely 430 kg logs/ha/year, far below India and Nigeria in the range of 900-2,286 kg logs/ha/year. Some factors that cause low productivity of Indonesian cashew are (1) the quality of plant material used, (2) disruption of pests and diseases, (3) maintenance of plants, and (4) the number of old plants (&gt; 30 years). For this reason, efforts need to be made to increase the productivity of cashew, by implementing grafting technology in the extensification, replanting and rehabilitation of cashew. Research related to the grafting has been done quite a lot and produced, both grafting in nurseries and directly on the field (top working). The production potential of 9 superior varieties released ranged from 5.97 - 37.44 kg logs/trees/year or an average of 16.70 kg logs/trees/year. If the extensification, replanting and rehabilitation activities apply the grafting technology using the stem from superior varieties, it will be able to increase the productivity of Indonesian cashew to 1,670 kg logs/ha/year or increase by 300% from current productivity.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Awalnya penanaman jambu mete bertujuan untuk konservasi lahan marjinal. Jarak tanam rapat (3 m x 3 m) agar tajuk dapat secepat mungkin menutup permukaan tanah untuk mencegah erosi permukaan tanah saat hujan dan daun jambu mete yang gugur akan menambah bahan organik tanah. Oleh sebab itu aspek produktivitas tanaman belum menjadi perhatian. Seiring perkembangan harga kacang mete cenderung meningkat setiap tahunnya. Hal tersebut mampu mendorong petani untuk mengusahakan tanaman jambu mete lebih serius. Saat ini penanaman jambu mete tidak hanya sebagai usaha konservasi lahan marjinal, namun menjadi sumber pendapatan petani, terutama di Kawasan Timur Indonesia (KTI). Sampai 2016, luas areal mete Indonesia telah mencapai 514.491 ha dengan produksi 137.094 ton. Namun, tingkat produktivitas dianggap masih rendah yaitu 430 kg gelondong/ha/tahun, jauh dibawah India dan Nigeria pada kisaran 900-2.286 kg gelondong/ha/tahun. Beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan rendahnya produktivitas jambu mete Indonesia yaitu (1) mutu bahan tanaman yang digunakan, (2) gangguan hama dan penyakit, (3) pemeliharaan tanaman, dan (4) banyaknya tanaman tua (&gt;30 tahun). Untuk itu perlu ditempuh upaya meningkatkan produktivitas jambu mete, dengan menerapkan teknologi penyambungan pada kegiatan pengembangan, peremajaan dan rehabilitasi pertanaman jambu mete. Penelitian terkait penyambungan sudah cukup banyak dilakukan dan dihasilkan, baik penyambungan di pembibitan maupun langsung di lapang (<em>top working</em>). Potensi produksi dari 9 varietas unggul yang dilepas berkisar antara 5,97- 37,44 kg gelondong/pohon/tahun atau rata-rata 16,70 kg gelondong/pohon/tahun. Apabila kegiatan pengembangan, peremajaan dan rehabilitasi menerapkan teknologi penyambungan menggunakan batang atas dari varietas unggul, akan mampu meningkatkan produktivitas jambu mete Indonesia menjadi 1.670 kg gelondong/ha/tahun atau meningkat 300 % dari produktivitas saat ini.</p><p> </p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document