scholarly journals Diversity in gut bacterial community of school-age children in Asia

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiro Nakayama ◽  
Koichi Watanabe ◽  
Jiahui Jiang ◽  
Kazunori Matsuda ◽  
Shiou-Huei Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
P Type

Abstract Asia differs substantially among and within its regions populated by diverse ethnic groups, which maintain their own respective cultures and dietary habits. To address the diversity in their gut microbiota, we characterized the bacterial community in fecal samples obtained from 303 school-age children living in urban or rural regions in five countries spanning temperate and tropical areas of Asia. The microbiota profiled for the 303 subjects were classified into two enterotype-like clusters, each driven by Prevotella (P-type) or Bifidobacterium/Bacteroides (BB-type), respectively. Majority in China, Japan and Taiwan harbored BB-type, whereas those from Indonesia and Khon Kaen in Thailand mainly harbored P-type. The P-type microbiota was characterized by a more conserved bacterial community sharing a greater number of type-specific phylotypes. Predictive metagenomics suggests higher and lower activity of carbohydrate digestion and bile acid biosynthesis, respectively, in P-type subjects, reflecting their high intake of diets rich in resistant starch. Random-forest analysis classified their fecal species community as mirroring location of resident country, suggesting eco-geographical factors shaping gut microbiota. In particular, children living in Japan harbored a less diversified microbiota with high abundance of Bifidobacterium and less number of potentially pathogenic bacteria, which may reflect their living environment and unique diet.

Effects of Consumption of Probiotic Powder Containing Lactobacillus Plantarum Dad-13 on Fecal Bacterial Population in School-Age Children in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banin Maghfirotin Marta ◽  
Utami Tyas ◽  
Cahyanto Muhammad Nur ◽  
Widada Jaka ◽  
Rahayu Endang Sutriswati
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
School Age ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Probiotic Group ◽  
E Coli

Consumption of probiotics is known to influence the gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of probiotic powder containing Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13 on bacterial composition in the gut by examining fecal samples of school-age children in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. A total of 40 healthy subjects were recruited for this study and were divided into two groups: placebo group and probiotic group. The placebo group consumed skim milk and the probiotic group consumed probiotic powder containing L. plantarum Dad-13 (2 × 109 CFU/g) for 65 days. The results showed that placebo intake had no significant effect on gut microbiota; however, probiotic caused a significant increase in L. plantarum and Lactobacillus population, while decreasing the population of E. coli and non-E. coli coliform bacteria by 55% and 75%, respectively and Bifidobacteria count did not change significantly. The study concluded that consumption of probiotic powder L. plantarum Dad-13 could increase propionic acid thereby decreasing the gut pH which has an effect on the microbial population.

scholarly journals Dietary Habits and Nutritional Knowledge among Primary School Children in Fayoum Governorate

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Rabab Gad Abd El-Kader ◽  
Hanem Awad Mekhamier ◽  
Azza El-Sayed Ali Hegazy
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Study Group ◽  
School Age ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fayoum Governorate

Background and aim: Improving the eating habits of children is essential to reduce the future burden of non-communicable illnesses. Nutritional diseases affect higher than 30% of school age children. This study aimed to assess the dietary habits and nutritional knowledge among primary school age children in Fayoum Governorate, Egypt.Study design: A cross-sectional descriptive design was utilized. Setting: The study was implemented in three governmental mixed primary schools in EL-Fayoum city; Egypt, that were selected randomly. Sample: Cluster random sample techniques used for selecting of the study group consisted of 300 students aged from 10-12 years for both sexes attending grade five and six. Tools: three tools of data collection consisted of: 1- self-administered questionnaire comprised socio-demographic data of the students and parents, and students’ knowledge about nutrition, 2- the students’ dietary habits as consumption of the breakfast, drinking water, 3- Health assessment sheet to assess the students’ nutritional status including weight, height, BMI, and appearance.The study findings revealed that 69.3% of the study group were underweight, 36.3% were stunted, and 6.7%, 3.3% were overweight and obese respectively. About 45% had fair knowledge while 34% had good knowledge about the nutrition. More than half of the students had unhealthy dietary behavior and appearance. There was a statistically significant difference (P: 0<0.00) between the academic performance of the school children and their HAZ while there was no statistically significant difference between the academic performance of the students and their WAZ (P: 0.264).Conclusions: underweight is highly prevalent among the primary school students followed by stunting. Most of the students had unhealthy dietary habits and unhealthy appearance while around half of them had fair knowledge about nutrition. The current study recommended developing a nutritional health program for primary school children about the proper nutrition.

scholarly journals Behaviour typologies in ukrainian children and adolescents at the implementation of quarantine measures during COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
O.T. Yelizarova ◽  
◽  
N.S. Polka ◽  
S.V. Hozak ◽  
A.M. Parats ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Rural Families ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Negative Factors

For the effective and safe implementation of quarantine measures for the prevention of infectious diseases, it is necessary to a create the conditions for the maintenance of physical and mental health of the population, especially of the children and adolescents, the most vulnerable part of it. The monitoring of quarantine conditions, as well as a lifestyle of children with the identification of possible negative factors affecting the health of schoolchildren, is a prerequisite of it. Objective: We assessed the living conditions of school-age children during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Materials and methods: We analyzed the results of the online survey of the parents of 920 children and adolescents from all regions of Ukraine (497 boys and 432 girls). All respondents signed informed consent. Data were collected from April 17 to June 5, 2020. We applied STATISTICA 8.0 for statistical analysis. Results: Only (59.4±1.7)% of urban and (33.1±4.3)% of rural families with school-age children adhered to quarantine rules (p<0.001). The probability of the deviation from the quarantine rules is 1.7 times higher in rural regions than in urban ones (RR=1.65; CI 1.42-1.92; p<0.001), and 1.4 times higher in the parents with secondary education than in the parents with higher education (RR = 1.41; CI 1.22-1.62; p<0.001). (25.0±1.4)% of school-age children were determined not to leave their homes during the lockdown. About 60% of school-age children went for a walk 1-7 times a week (10-60 min/day). Proportion of children and adolescents with walk duration of more than 60 min/day with a frequency of 5-7 times a week during quarantine made up only (10.3±1.0)%, while before quarantine - 48.5%. Conclusions: Revealed trends demonstrate a need for the development and promotion of the measures for the rise of the population awareness on the importance of compliance with quarantine rules, taking into account demographic and social characteristics. It is necessary to develop ways to achieve optimal duration of outdoor walk for children.

scholarly journals Author Correction: Diversity in gut bacterial community of school-age children in Asia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiro Nakayama ◽  
Koichi Watanabe ◽  
Jiahui Jiang ◽  
Kazunori Matsuda ◽  
Shiou-Huei Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age

scholarly journals Epidemiological features of COVID-19 family outbreaks in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Ludmila BIRCA ◽  
Diana SPATARU ◽  
Stela CORNILOVA ◽  
Viorica HEMEI ◽  
Olesea AIOANI
Keyword(s):  
Primary Source ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
School Age ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Epidemiological Features

Introduction. The population of all ages is susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 virus. It is important to determine the role of the child in COVID-19 cases maintenance and spreading. Some research showed that most COVID-19 cases in children were associated with their families. Material and methods. The descriptive study is carried out on the basis of family outbreaks epidemiological peculiarities evaluation, concerning the age of the children, the onset of the disease, communities living environment. The research group included 160 family outbreaks, which required hospitalization at MCHCDC PMSI, between January and February 2021. Results. The number of family outbreaks increased (n=88 versus n=72) in February versus January 2021. The rate of outbreaks in schoolchildren increased from 37.5% in January to 53.4% ​​in February. The onset of the disease in the outbreaks varies depending on the age category of the involved children: in 0-6 years - the parents become initially ill (40.7%) or the disease begins simultaneously (32.55%). In school-age children outbreaks in about half of the cases (51.35%) the children manifest the disease the first. There is a tendency of outbreaks percentage increase in the cases where the children, the organized ones as well (from 43% to 62.5%) constitute the primary source of infection. Conclusions. SARS-CoV-2 viral infection epidemiological particularities evaluation in family outbreaks is one of the most important conditions in developing action and response strategies to COVID-19 infection in the community.

scholarly journals The Impact of a Dynamic Working Environment on Human Gut Microbiota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Ling ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Qianlong Meng ◽  
Ziran Zhang ◽  
Wenkun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota ◽  
Train Drivers ◽  
The Impact

Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with a variety of diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), metabolic diseases, allergic diseases, neurodevelopmental disorders and cancer. The human gut microbiota can be influenced by a variety of factors, including geography, dietary habits, living environment, age and altered lifestyle etc. This study was conducted to explore the gut microbiota compositions in officials who are in a stable working environment and train drivers who are in a dynamic working environment. Microbiota communities in the feces of 80 officials and 88 train drivers were analyzed using Illumina MiSeq sequencing targeting the V3-V4 region of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene and ITS1 region of fungi. There were significant differences between the two groups in diversity and richness of gut microbiota, while the microbial community compositions of the two groups were similar. The relationship between gut microbiota and clinical characteristics was investigated. We found that more bacteria and fungi were positively correlated with clinical characteristics. Functional prediction analysis of the gut microbiota between the two groups by PICRUSt2 revealed significant differences between the official group and the train driver group. Elucidating these differences of the microbiome between the two groups will provide a foundation understanding of the impact of a dynamic environment on gut microbiota.

Correlation of Gut Microbiota Profile with Body Mass Index Among School Age Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Haydeh Mousavi ◽  
Seyfeddin Mehrara ◽  
Abolfazl Barzegari ◽  
Alireza Ostadrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age

Composition of gut microbiota in obese and normal-weight Mexican school-age children and its association with metabolic traits

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. López-Contreras ◽  
S. Morán-Ramos ◽  
R. Villarruel-Vázquez ◽  
L. Macías-Kauffer ◽  
H. Villamil-Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Metabolic Traits

scholarly journals The Analysis of Nutritional Predictors of Anemia Combined with Obesity in Primary School-Age Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Marija R. Sekulic ◽  
Dalibor Stajic ◽  
Nela Djonovic
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
School Year ◽  
Primary School Age

Abstract The consumption and amounts of a variety of food products used in a diet affect the incidence of anemia and different levels of nutritional status among school-age children. The prevalence of food intake comprised of fats, carbohydrates and sodium (salt) is a significant contributing factor to the incidence of excessive weight. Apart from nutrition, a leisure-time physical activity and the time spent in front of the TV or computer may contribute to an increase in anemia and obesity rates. The objective of this paper was to examine nutritional status, dietary habits and anemia among school-age children in the central Serbia region (the city of Kragujevac). It was established that 47.3% of the surveyed children fell into the normal weight group, 24.5% of the children are considered to be at risk of being overweight, 21.4 % of the children are considered as obese, whereas 6.8% of the children fell into the under-weight group. The incidence of anemia was noted in 10.8% of the cases, whereas anemia in obese children was observed in 21.6% of the cases (n=114; during the school year of 2014-2015). The obtained results show a statistically significant correlation between an increase in the consumption of fast food and anemia in children, whereas the amount of time children spend in front of the TV is also associated with the higher percentage of anemia and obesity.

scholarly journals Changes in the Gut Microbiota Diversity of Brown Frogs (Rana Dybowskii) After Local Antimicrobial Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Tong ◽  
Li-Yong Cui ◽  
Jia Bie ◽  
Hong-Bin Wang ◽  
Jian-Tao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Amphibian Conservation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Functional Composition ◽  
And Control ◽  
Rana Dybowskii

Abstract Background: Amphibians frequently receive an antibiotic bath after feedlot placement to control bacterial diseases. The potential collateral effect of these antibiotics on the frog microbiota is largely unknown. Antibiotics are frequently employed to examine the role of the gut microbiota. Existing research relies mainly on oral antibiotics, but knowledge regarding the effects of antibiotics on the gut microbiota through a bath or local antimicrobial therapies is limited. Results: The gut microbiota of gentamicin, recovered, and control Rana dybowskii groups were compared by Illumina high-throughput sequencing, and the functional profiles were analysed using a phylogenetic investigation of communities by the reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt). Furthermore, the relationship between gut microbiota structures and forecast function compositions was determined. The results showed that the alpha diversity indices were significantly reduced by the gentamicin bath, which significantly changed the composition of the gut microbiota. After 7 days, the gut microbiota was still similar to that during the gentamicin bath. Forty-four indicator species were selected at the genus level, namely, 42 species indicating the control group and 2 species indicating the gentamicin and recovery groups. Potential pathogenic bacteria belonging to Aeromonas, Citrobacter, and Chryseobacterium significantly decreased after the gentamicin bath. The community similarity assays did not show an obvious discrepancy in the functional composition between the gentamicin and control frogs, indicating that the functions of the gut bacterial community were highly redundant. Conclusions: The gentamicin bath significantly reduced the alpha diversity of the gut microbiota of R. dybowskii. Gentamicin significantly changed the structure of the gut microbiota, and the gut microbiotas exhibited weak resilience and did not totally recover after seven days. The gentamicin bath did not change the functional composition of the gut microbiota of R. dybowskii, and there was no significant correlation between the composition of the gut microbiota and the functional composition, illustrating the high intestinal functional redundancy of the frog gut bacterial community. This work offers basic data for upcoming research, including the establishment of the amphibian gut microbiota and local antibiotic administration, and has important implications for aquaculture management and amphibian conservation.

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