scholarly journals Assessment of Genetically Modified Soybean in Relation to Natural Variation in the Soybean Seed Metabolome

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Clarke ◽  
Danny C. Alexander ◽  
Dennis P. Ward ◽  
John A. Ryals ◽  
Matthew W. Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Natural Variation ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Substantial Equivalence ◽  
Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Genetically Modified Soybean ◽  
Gm Crop ◽  
Gm Traits

Abstract Genetically modified (GM) crops currently constitute a significant and growing part of agriculture. An important aspect of GM crop adoption is to demonstrate safety and equivalence with respect to conventional crops. Untargeted metabolomics has the ability to profile diverse classes of metabolites and thus could be an adjunct for GM crop substantial equivalence assessment. To account for environmental effects and introgression of GM traits into diverse genetic backgrounds, we propose that the assessment for GM crop metabolic composition should be understood within the context of the natural variation for the crop. Using a non-targeted metabolomics platform, we profiled 169 metabolites and established their dynamic ranges from the seeds of 49 conventional soybean lines representing the current commercial genetic diversity. We further demonstrated that the metabolome of a GM line had no significant deviation from natural variation within the soybean metabolome, with the exception of changes in the targeted engineered pathway.

scholarly journals Erratum: CORRIGENDUM: Assessment of Genetically Modified Soybean in Relation to Natural Variation in the Soybean Seed Metabolome

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Clarke ◽  
Danny C. Alexander ◽  
Dennis P. Ward ◽  
John A. Ryals ◽  
Matthew W. Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Variation ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Genetically Modified Soybean

Equivalence criteria for the safety evaluation of a genetically modified crop: a statistical perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. I. VAHL ◽  
Q. KANG
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Substantial Equivalence ◽  
Gm Crop ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Parameter Values

SUMMARYSafety evaluation of a genetically modified (GM) crop is accomplished by establishing its substantial equivalence to non-GM reference crops with a history of safe use. Testing hypotheses of equivalence rather than difference is the appropriate statistical approach. A necessary first step in this regard is to specify a reasonable equivalence criterion that includes a measure for discrepancy between the GM and reference crops as well as a regulatory threshold. The present work explored several equivalence criteria and discussed their pros and cons. Each criterion addresses one of three ordered classes of equivalence: super, conditional and marginal equivalence. Their implications were investigated over an array of parameter values estimated from a real-world dataset. Marginal equivalence was identified as adhering most closely to the concept of substantial equivalence. Because conditional equivalence logically implies marginal equivalence and is practically quantifiable from current field designs, the present work recommends conditional equivalence criteria while encouraging producers to improve their design to enable testing marginal equivalence in the future. Contrary to concerns of the ag-biotech industry, empirical evidence from recent publications indicates that a linear mixed model currently implemented by the European Food Safety Authority is adequate for assessing equivalence despite its lack of genotype-by-environment interaction terms.

scholarly journals Social Acceptance for Commercialization of Genetically Modified Food Animals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyao Fan ◽  
Yulian Mu ◽  
Tad Sonstegard ◽  
Xiaomei Zhai ◽  
Kui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Variation ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Genetically Modified Food ◽  
The Public ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Social License ◽  
Food Animals ◽  
Natural Mutation ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Genetically modified food animals (GMFAs) are needed to address early the cumulative effects of livestock production on the environment and to accommodate future food demands. In 2020 China and the U.S., the world's two largest economies, embarked on regulatory reforms to boost the commercialization of such animals. However, gaining social acceptance of GMFAs for commercialization remains a global challenge. We propose a framework that focuses on social license for commercialization of GMFAs by defining four classes of improvement using precision genetics: 1) animals equivalent to natural variation to obtain the improved effect of cross-breeding (ENV); 2) animals with an inactivated gene that could occur via natural mutation (ENC-); 3) animals harboring a natural genetic sequence isolated from another species (ENC+); and 4) animals with synthetic sequences encoding novel genes (BNE). Our approach can guide regulators and the public to support orderly commercialization of genetically modified food animals.

BRAZILIAN GMO REGULATION: DOES IT HAVE AN ENVIRONMENTAL APPROACH?

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 1250013 ◽  
Author(s):  
DENISE GALLO PIZELLA ◽  
MARCELO PEREIRA DE SOUZA
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Genetically Modified Crops ◽  
Gm Crops ◽  
Gm Crop ◽  
Institutional Issues ◽  
Institutional Aspects ◽  
Biosafety Evaluation

Brazil is the second largest producer of genetically modified crops (GM crops) and the National Technical Commission on Biosafety (CTNBio) the decision making agency on this matter. The country uses Risk Analysis (RA) and project EIA as tools for biosafety evaluation. This paper aims to review the appropriateness of these tools for evaluating the environmental impacts of GM crops, also considering institutional aspects. An overview of the process of release of GM crops in Brazil along with important operational and institutional aspects is provided. The results indicate that project EIA could be applied to GM crops in specific sites and RA could give support to the evaluation of GM crop itself. Regarding institutional issues, it is concluded that decisions should be made by the environmental bodies, and not by the CTNBio.

Evaluation of polymerase chain reaction and DNA isolation protocols for detection of genetically modified soybean

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1249-1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cibele dos Santos Ferrari ◽  
Luciana Lehmkuhl Valente ◽  
Fábio Cristiano Angonesi Brod ◽  
Caroline Tagliari ◽  
Ernani Sebastião Sant'Anna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Dna Isolation ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Genetically Modified Soybean ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in soybean seed quality under different storage conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Daniele Piano Rosa ◽  
Danúbia Aparecida Costa Nobre ◽  
Diego Santos Oliveira ◽  
Francisco Charles dos Santos Silva ◽  
André Ricardo Gomes Bezerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Almost All

This study aimed to assess the effect of genetic diversity on physiological quality of soybean seeds stored in cold chamber and under environmental conditions. Ten cultivars were assessed in a randomized factorial design (2x10). Factor 1 corresponded to two storage conditions and factor 2 to ten soybean cultivars, with four replications. The evaluated variables were total germination (G%), first count of germination (F%), percentage of abnormal seedlings (AS%), germination speed index (GSI), water content (WC), electrical conductivity (EC), dry matter of seedlings (DMS) and length of seedlings (LS). Data underwent ANOVA, followed by Scott Knott test, as well as multivariate analysis of genetic diversity. The results showed a higher physiological quality for seeds under cold storage. Half of the cultivars (FPS Júpiter, FPS Urano, FPS Antares, FPS Netuno and CD 250) presented high germination rates and seed vigor, being thus indicated as high-standard materials for further breeding programs. Besides that, storage environment had influence on the clustering of soybean cultivars. Moreover, cultivars had genetic dissimilarity for almost all assessed traits as G%, GSI, F%, AS%, EC, DMS and LS.

Monitoring of genetically modified soybean events in sausage products in South Korea

Food Control ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Hwan Kim ◽  
Ji-Yeon Song ◽  
Yewon Hong ◽  
Hae-Yeong Kim
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Genetically Modified Soybean

Coloring genetically modified soybean grains with anthocyanins by suppression of the proanthocyanidin genes ANR1 and ANR2

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 757-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nik Kovinich ◽  
Ammar Saleem ◽  
Tara L. Rintoul ◽  
Daniel C. W. Brown ◽  
John T. Arnason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Genetically Modified Soybean
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