scholarly journals The role of ear stone size in hair cell acoustic sensory transduction

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Inoue ◽  
Masashi Tanimoto ◽  
Yoichi Oda
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cell ◽  
Sensory Transduction ◽  
Stone Size

Hair cell specific NTPDase6 immunolocalisation in vestibular end organs: Potential role of purinergic signaling in vestibular sensory transduction

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (5,6) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary G. O'Keeffe ◽  
Peter R. Thorne ◽  
Gary D. Housley ◽  
Simon C. Robson ◽  
Srdjan M. Vlajkovic
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cell ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Purinergic Signaling ◽  
Sensory Transduction

MicroRNAs in Noise-Induced Hearing Loss and their Regulation by Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1216-1224
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Forouzanfar ◽  
Samira Asgharzade
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hair Cell ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Noise Induced Hearing Loss ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Open Access Journals

Noise exposure (NE) has been recognized as one of the causes of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), which can bring about irreversible damage to sensory hair cells in the cochlea, through the launch of oxidative stress pathways and inflammation. Accordingly, determining the molecular mechanism involved in regulating hair cell apoptosis via NE is essential to prevent hair cell damage. However, the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the degeneration of sensory cells of the cochlea during NE has not been so far uncovered. Thus, the main purpose of this study was to demonstrate the regulatory role of miRNAs in the oxidative stress pathway and inflammation induced by NE. In this respect, articles related to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), oxidative stress, inflammation, and miRNA from various databases of Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Google Scholar, PubMed; Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts (LISTA), and Web of Science were searched and retrieved. The findings revealed that several studies had suggested that up-regulation of miR-1229-5p, miR-451a, 185-5p, 186 and down-regulation of miRNA-96/182/183 and miR-30b were involved in oxidative stress and inflammation which could be used as biomarkers for NIHL. There was also a close relationship between NIHL and miRNAs, but further research is required to prove a causal association between miRNA alterations and NE, and also to determine miRNAs as biomarkers indicating responses to NE.

Mammalian cold receptor afferents: role of an electrogenic sodium pump in sensory transduction

1974 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich-Karl Pierau ◽  
Peter Torrey ◽  
David O. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Pump ◽  
Sensory Transduction ◽  
Cold Receptor ◽  
Electrogenic Sodium Pump

scholarly journals The Role of Antegrade Irrigation via Percutaneous Nephrostomy on Surgical Outcomes in Semirigid Ureteroscopy among Patients with Upper Ureteral Stones

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Wonho Jung ◽  
Hye Jin Byun ◽  
Dong Sup Lee
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrostomy ◽  
Stone Size ◽  
Stone Free Rate ◽  
Ureter Stones ◽  
Free Rate

Objective. We aimed to investigate the role of antegrade irrigation via percutaneous nephrostomy on surgical outcomes in retrograde ureteroscopy in patients with upper ureter stones. Materials and Methods. In this retrospective study, we analyzed 134 patients who underwent retrograde semirigid ureteroscopy for upper ureter stones between August 2012 and December 2017. Patients were divided into two groups: retrograde irrigation group (conventional URS) and antegrade irrigation group (using percutaneous nephrostomy). Operation time, postoperative hospital stay, complications, and stone-free rate were measured for each patient after ureteroscopy. Results. The mean age in the retrograde irrigation and antegrade irrigation groups was 53.3 and 60.7 years, respectively (p=0.007). The operation time was 60.8 min vs. 43.0 min (p=0.002), and stone-free rate was 82.0 % vs. 95.5 % (p=0.033). Stone size, laterality, the proportion of male patients, and urinary tract infection prevalence were comparable between the groups. In the subgroup analysis of stone size >10 mm, the antegrade irrigation group had a shorter operation time and a higher stone-free rate. For stone size of 5–10 mm, operation time in the antegrade irrigation group was shorter and the stone-free rate between the two groups was comparable. Conclusion. Antegrade irrigation via percutaneous nephrostomy during ureteroscopy has a higher stone-free rate with a shorter operation time without an increased urinary tract infection risk. Therefore, if percutaneous nephrostomy is necessary before ureteroscopy, antegrade irrigation of external fluid via percutaneous nephrostomy is strongly recommended.

Role of Ih in the firing pattern of mammalian cold thermoreceptor endings

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 3009-3023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio Orio ◽  
Andrés Parra ◽  
Rodolfo Madrid ◽  
Omar González ◽  
Carlos Belmonte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Neural Coding ◽  
Firing Pattern ◽  
Firing Frequency ◽  
Sensory Transduction ◽  
Nerve Endings ◽  
Subthreshold Resonance ◽  
Cold Sensitive ◽  
Hcn1 Channels

Mammalian peripheral cold thermoreceptors respond to cooling of their sensory endings with an increase in firing rate and modification of their discharge pattern. We recently showed that cultured trigeminal cold-sensitive (CS) neurons express a prominent hyperpolarization-activated current ( Ih), mainly carried by HCN1 channels, supporting subthreshold resonance in the soma without participating in the response to acute cooling. However, peripheral pharmacological blockade of Ih, or characterization of HCN1−/− mice, reveals a deficit in acute cold detection. Here we investigated the role of Ih in CS nerve endings, where cold sensory transduction actually takes place. Corneal CS nerve endings in mice show a rhythmic spiking activity at neutral skin temperature that switches to bursting mode when the temperature is lowered. Ih blockers ZD7288 and ivabradine alter firing patterns of CS nerve endings, lengthening interspike intervals and inducing bursts at neutral skin temperature. We characterized the CS nerve endings from HCN1−/− mouse corneas and found that they behave similar to wild type, although with a lower slope in the firing frequency vs. temperature relationship, thus explaining the deficit in cold perception of HCN1−/− mice. The firing pattern of nerve endings from HCN1−/− mice was also affected by ZD7288, which we attribute to the presence of HCN2 channels in the place of HCN1. Mathematical modeling shows that the firing phenotype of CS nerve endings from HCN1−/− mice can be reproduced by replacing HCN1 channels with the slower HCN2 channels rather than by abolishing Ih. We propose that Ih carried by HCN1 channels helps tune the frequency of the oscillation and the length of bursts underlying regular spiking in cold thermoreceptors, having important implications for neural coding of cold sensation.

Role of the planar cell polarity pathway in regulating ectopic hair cell-like cells induced by Math1 and testosterone treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 1615 ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-yu Yang ◽  
Kai Jin ◽  
Rui Ma ◽  
Juan-mei Yang ◽  
Wen-wei Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cell ◽  
Cell Polarity ◽  
Planar Cell Polarity ◽  
Testosterone Treatment ◽  
Planar Cell Polarity Pathway
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