scholarly journals Rainfall reductions over Southern Hemisphere semi-arid regions: the role of subtropical dry zone expansion

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenju Cai ◽  
Tim Cowan ◽  
Marcus Thatcher
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Dry Zone ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Integrated Pest Management for Acacia: Prospects and Challenges

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Chauhan ◽  
Ishan Saini ◽  
Tarun Kumar ◽  
Prashant Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Acacia Species ◽  
Semi Arid

Species of Acacia have been extensively entrenched in the tropical, and semi-arid regions as well as in the southern hemisphere. Acacia species have been bounteous faces the pest and pathogenic pressure. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an immensely important aspect of producing a healthy Acacia plantation without harmful impacts on the environment. Here an attempt was made to determine the possibilities of integrated pest management for Acacia. Overall, this information will be helpful to increase awareness about the integrated pest management of the members of the genus Acacia.

Social networks in arid Australia: a review of concepts and evidence

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. J. McAllister ◽  
B. Cheers ◽  
T. Darbas ◽  
J. Davies ◽  
C. Richards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Weak Links ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Semi Arid

Arid systems are markedly different from non-arid systems. This distinctiveness extends to arid-social networks, by which we mean social networks which are influenced by the suite of factors driving arid and semi-arid regions. Neither the process of how aridity interacts with social structure, nor what happens as a result of this interaction, is adequately understood. This paper postulates three relative characteristics which make arid-social networks distinct: that they are tightly bound, are hierarchical in structure and, hence, prone to power abuses, and contain a relatively higher proportion of weak links, making them reactive to crisis. These ideas were modified from workshop discussions during 2006. Although they are neither tested nor presented as strong beliefs, they are based on the anecdotal observations of arid-system scientists with many years of experience. This paper does not test the ideas, but rather examines them in the context of five arid-social network case studies with the aim of hypotheses building. Our cases are networks related to pastoralism, Aboriginal outstations, the ‘Far West Coast Aboriginal Enterprise Network’ and natural resources in both the Lake-Eyre basin and the Murray–Darling catchment. Our cases highlight that (1) social networks do not have clear boundaries, and that how participants perceive their network boundaries may differ from what network data imply, (2) although network structures are important determinants of system behaviour, the role of participants as individuals is still pivotal, (3) and while in certain arid cases weak links are engaged in crisis, the exact structure of all weak links in terms of how they place participants in relation to other communities is what matters.

scholarly journals Cellulose δ18O of Tree Rings Reflects Vapour Pressure Variations in the Ordos Plateau

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 788
Author(s):  
Wentai Liu ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Huiming Song ◽  
Ruolan Deng ◽  
Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Vapour Pressure ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition ◽  
Ordos Plateau ◽  
Mode Decomposition ◽  
Ecological Conservation ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Main Factor

In arid and semi-arid regions, a better understanding of the effect of climate change mechanisms on environmental evolution can be used to guide regional ecological conservation and to improve water resource availability. Increased aridity in arid and semi-arid regions considerably affects the physiological functions of plants and the exchange of carbon and water with the environment. We collected Pinus tabuliformis Carr. samples from Ordos, Inner Mongolia, and measured their δ18O variations. Vapour pressure (VP) was the main factor dominating δ18O variations from July to August, indicating the regulatory role of plant leaf stomata. Based on the δ18O series in the Ordos region, we reconstructed VP variations for July–August (VPJA) for the past 205 years. Spatial analysis showed the reconstruction as spatially highly representative. VP variations in the Ordos region mainly reflected precipitation variations and did not show a significant correlation with temperature. Since the late 1950s, VP has been decreasing, which is related to the weakening of the Asian monsoon. The results of reconstruction decomposed using ensemble empirical mode decomposition showed that El Niño–Southern Oscillation may affect VP in the study area, and the effect of sea surface temperature on the central and eastern Pacific Ocean in the Ordos region may lead to an increase in the drought.

The role of dams in development

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 169-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doğan Altinbilek
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
The World ◽  
Displaced People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
World Commission On Dams

Dams are a major issue in sustainable management of finite water resources; they have also become the subject of vigorous public debate. This article considers them in the light of the report of the World Commission on Dams and using the example of Turkey. It is argued that economic development and population growth, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions, make plain the need for dams for hydropower and irrigation. Environmental impact assessment is essential, as are effective programmes for resettlement to avoid the impoverishment of displaced people.

scholarly journals The Effect of GOSAT Observations on Estimates of Net CO2 Flux in Semi-Arid Regions of the Southern Hemisphere

SOLA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (0) ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
Masayuki Kondo ◽  
Tazu Saeki ◽  
Hiroshi Takagi ◽  
Kazuhito Ichii ◽  
Kentaro Ishijima
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Semi Arid

Alpha-Effect, Current and Kinetic Helicities for Magnetically Driven Turbulence, and Solar Dynamo

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 387-388
Author(s):  
Gaetano Belvedere ◽  
V. V. Pipin ◽  
G. Rüdiger
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Convection Zone ◽  
Solar Surface ◽  
Momentum Transport ◽  
Angular Momentum Transport ◽  
Magnetic Buoyancy ◽  
Alpha Effect ◽  
Current Helicity

Extended AbstractRecent numerical simulations lead to the result that turbulence is much more magnetically driven than believed. In particular the role ofmagnetic buoyancyappears quite important for the generation ofα-effect and angular momentum transport (Brandenburg & Schmitt 1998). We present results obtained for a turbulence field driven by a (given) Lorentz force in a non-stratified but rotating convection zone. The main result confirms the numerical findings of Brandenburg & Schmitt that in the northern hemisphere theα-effect and the kinetic helicityℋkin= 〈u′ · rotu′〉 are positive (and negative in the northern hemisphere), this being just opposite to what occurs for the current helicityℋcurr= 〈j′ ·B′〉, which is negative in the northern hemisphere (and positive in the southern hemisphere). There has been an increasing number of papers presenting observations of current helicity at the solar surface, all showing that it isnegativein the northern hemisphere and positive in the southern hemisphere (see Rüdigeret al. 2000, also for a review).

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