Risk factors for development of dehydration in children aged under five who have acute watery diarrhoea: a case-control study

Public Health ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-236
Author(s):  
S P Zodpey ◽  
S G Deshpande ◽  
S N Ughade ◽  
A V Hinge ◽  
S N Shrikhande
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Watery Diarrhoea ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Control Study

Risk factors for development of dehydration in young children with acute watery diarrhoea: a case-control study

1995 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
SK Bhattacharya ◽  
MK Bhattacharya ◽  
B Manna ◽  
D Dutta ◽  
A Deb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Watery Diarrhoea ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Stunting Among Children Aged 6-59 Months In Bensa District ISTRICT, Sidama Region, South Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
TEMESGEN TAFESSE ◽  
AMANUEL YOSEPH ◽  
KALEB MAYISO ◽  
TAYE GARI
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Under Five ◽  
South Ethiopia ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Stunting remains one of the most common under-nutrition problems among children in the Ethiopia. Children aged 6-59 months share for 35–45% of the burden in endemic areas. Identifying the causes of stunting assists health planners to prioritize prevention strategies, and is a fundamental step for intervention. However, evidence scarce about risk factors of stunting among children aged 6-59 months in study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess risk factors of stunting among children aged 6-59 months in Bensa district, South Ethiopia; 2019. Methods: A facility-based unmatched case-control study was conducted from January 10 to March 10, 2018 on a sample of 237(79 cases and 158 controls) children aged 6-59 months with their respective mothers. Data were collected using a structured, face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaire and standard physical measurements. The data were entered using EPINFO version 7 and WHO Anthro software version 3.0.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Chi-square(X2) test was used to determine the overall association between explanatory and outcome variables. The variables were entered to the multivariable model using the backward stepwise regression approach. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with stunting. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed to evaluate the presence and strength of associations. Results: Diarrhea in past two weeks (AOR = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.42-5.16) and male sex (AOR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.224-4.59) were positively associated with stunting. The odds of stunting increased 2.7 times for children who had inappropriate exclusive breast feeding (AOR =2.07, 95%CI: 1.07-4.01) as compared to those who had the appropriate exclusive breast feeding. Having less than or equal to three under five children in the household (AOR = 2.18, 95%CI: 03-4.64), and mothers had no formal education (AOR =3.28, 95%CI: 1.56-6.924) were positively associated with stunting. Conclusions: Male sex, diarrhea in past two weeks, inappropriate exclusive breast feeding, number of the under five children in the household and mothers had no formal education were major predictors of the stunting. Educating mothers/care takers on Infant and Young Child Feeding practice. Findings support a focus on prevention of diarrhea as part of an overall public health strategy for improving child health and nutrition.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Pneumonia pada Balita di Kelurahan Air Tawar Barat Padang

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Efni ◽  
Rizanda Machmud ◽  
Dian Pertiwi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Under Five ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

AbstrakAda beberapa faktor risiko yang meningkatkan angka kejadian pneumonia di negara berkembang yaitu: kurangnya pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) eksklusif, gizi buruk, polusi udara dalam ruangan, Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR) dan kurangnya imunisasi campak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di Kelurahan Air Tawar Barat, Kota Padang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case control study, sampel terdiri dari 27 case dan 27 control. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara terpimpin serta melihat data rekam medik dan dianalisis dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian  mendapatkan balita pada kelompok kasus yang tidak mendapatkan ASI eksklusif (81,5%), paparan asap rokok (74,1%), riwayat bayi berat lahir rendah (3,7%), tidak mendapatkan imunisasi campak (40,7%) dan gizi kurang (25,9%). Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi dengan kejadian pneumonia (p=0,022; OR=9,1; 95%CI=1,034-80,089), sedangkan pemberian ASI eksklusif, paparan asap rokok, riwayat bayi berat lahir rendah dan imunisasi campak tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna terhadap pneumonia.Kata kunci: balita, faktor risiko, pneumonia AbstractPneumonia in developing countries are associated to the risk factors such as: lack of exclusive breastfeeding, malnutrition, indoor air pollution, low birth weight and lack of measles vaccinations. The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors associated on the occurrence of pneumonia among the children under five years of age in Air Tawar Barat district, Padang City. This study used case control study  to the 27 cases and 27 control. The data were collected by guided interview and the medical records, than was analyzed by chi-square.test. The results of this study obtanined in the group of cases based on the low exclusive breastfeeding rates (81.5%), exposure to cigarette smoke (74.1%), a history of low birth weight (3.7%), did not get measles vaccinations (40.7%) and malnutrition (25.9%). The result of bivariate analysis shows the significant relationship between nutritional status on the occurrence of pneumonia (p=0.022; OR=9.1; 95% CI=1.034-80.089). The exclusive breastfeeding, exposure to cigarette smoke, a history of low birth weight and measles vaccinations are not significantly related to the occurrence of pneumonia. Keywords: children under five years of age, risk factors, pneumonia

scholarly journals FAKTORKEHAMILAN DINI, ANTENATAL CARE, ASI EKSKLUSIF DAN PENGETAHUAN GIZI TERHADAP STUNTING PADA BALITA RESIKO STUNTING PADA BALITA DI KABUPATEN BONE

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
St. Malka ◽  
Musni Musni ◽  
Sitti Fatimah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACT EARLY PREGNANCY, ANTENATAL CARE, ESCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AND NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE TO STUNTING IN CHIDREN UNDER FIVE Background: stuntingis a major nutritional problem that will have an impact on social and economic life in society. Stunting is a problem because it is associated with an increased risk of illness and death, suboptimal brain development, resulting in delayed motor development and stunted mental growth. Bone is one of the district in south Sulawesi high prevalence of stunting compared with province and national.Purpose  To determine risk factors early pregnancy, antenatal care, esclusive breastfeeding and nutritional knowledge on stunting among children 12-59 months old.Mathods:The study used is quantitative witch a designed  case-control study. It was conducted in Kading health centre, Bajoe health centre, and Usa health centre.  with the research time May-Juli 2020. The subjects were children between 12-59 month. The sample in this study were 120 consisting of 40 stunted and 80 normal with gender matching. Subject were chosen by purposive sampling methode. The risk factor were early pregnancy, antenatal care, esclusive breastfeeding, and nutritional knowledge. Data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate with chis-quare test and odds ratio with 95% confidence interval   Results: The results showed that factors associated with stunting were early pregnancy (P = 0.003) and antenatal care with (P = 0.033), while exclusive breastfeeding (P = 0.892) and maternal nutritional knowledge (P = 0.404) were not associated with stunting in under-five. . Early pregnancy variable is the dominant variable in the occurrence of stunting in children under five. Early childhood pregnancy has a 5.00 times higher risk of stunting in children under five compared to mothers who are pregnant at adulthood, and mothers not antenatal care during pregnancy have 2.68 times the risk of stunting compared to mothers antenatal care visit during pregnancy.Conclusion: The risk factors for stunting  were early pregnancy and antenatal careSuggestion It is hoped that the government will be even more stringent on the implementation of early marriage, so that there will be no more early marriages and can prevent stunting in toddlers. Keywords: stunting, early pregnancy,  antenatal care ABSTRAK Latar belakang :Stunting adalah masalah gizi utama yang akan berdampak pada kehidupan sosial dan ekonomi dalam masyarakat.  Stunting menjadi permasalahan karena berhubungan dengan menungkatnya risiko terjadinya kesakitan dan kematian, perkembangan otak suboptimal sehingga perkembangan motoric terlambat  dan terhambatnya pertumbuhan Kabupaten Bone meruapakan salah satu kabupaten di Sulawesi Selatan dengan angka stunting yang cukup signifikan melebihi prevalensi stunting provinsi dan nasional.Tujuan: untuk menganalisis factor risiko kehamilan usia dini, antenatal care, ASI eksklusif dan pengetahuan gizi ibu terhadap stunting pada balita usia 12 – 59 bulanMetode : Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Case Control Study. Penelitian dilakukan di tiga puskesmas yaitu Puskesmas Kading, Puskesmas Bajoe dan Puskesmas Usa. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei-Juli 2020. dengan subjek adalah anak umur 12 – 59 bulan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 120 balita yang terdiri dari 40 kasus (balita stunting) dan 80 kontrol (balita normal/tidak stunting) dengan Matching jenis kelamin. Metode penarikan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Factor risiko yang diukur adalah kehamilan usia dini, antenatal care (ANC), ASI eksklusif dan pengetahuan gizi ibu. Data dianalisis dengan chi square dan Odds Ratio (OR) 95% CI.Hasil :  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor yang berhubungan dengan stunting adalah kehamilan usia dini (P=0,003) dan antenatal care dengan (P=0.033), sedangkan ASI eksklusif  (P=0,892) dan pengetahuan gizi ibu (P=0,404) tidak berhubungan dengan stunting pada balita. Variabel kehamilan usia dini merupakan variable dominan terjadinya stunting pada balita. Kehamilan usia dini memiliki risiko 5,00 kali lebih tiinggi untuk mengalami stunting pada balita dibandingkan ibu yang hamil pada usia dewasa, ibu yang tidak melakukan antenatal care memiliki risiko 2,68 kali mengalami stunting dibanding ibu yang melakukan pemeriksaan antenatal care. Kesimpulan: kehamilan usia dini dan antenatal care merupakan factor risiko terjadinya stunting pada balitaSaran Diharapkan pemeritah lebih ketat lagi terhadap pelaksanaan pernikahan usia dini, agar tidak ada lagi pernikahan usia dini dan bisa mencegah terjadinya stunting pada balita Kata kunci : stunting, kehamilan Dini, antenatal care  

scholarly journals Cryptosporidiosis in Wisconsin: A case-control study of post-outbreak transmission

1996 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Osewe ◽  
D. G. Addiss ◽  
K. A. Blair ◽  
A. Hightower ◽  
M. L. Kamb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Watery Diarrhoea ◽  
Waterborne Outbreak ◽  
Water Plant ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

SummaryDuring March–April 1993, an estimated 403000 residents of the 5-county greater Milwaukee, Wisconsin area developed cryptosporidiosis after drinking contaminated municipal water. Although the number of cases dropped precipitously after the implicated water plant closed on 9 April, cases continued to occur. To investigate risk factors for post-outbreak cryptosporidiosis, 33 Milwaukee-area residents who had laboratory-confirmed Cryptosporidium infection with onset of diarrhoea between 1 May and 27 June 1993 were interviewed by telephone. Of these, 28(85%) had onset of diarrhoea during May, 12(36%) had watery diarrhoea during the outbreak, and 5 (15%) were HIV-infected. In a neighbourhood-matched case-control study, immunosuppression (matched odds ratio (MOR) not calculable, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 3·0, infinity) and having a child less than 5 years old in the household (MOR = 17·0, CI 2·0, 395·0) were independently associated with infection. When persons who had diarrhoea during the outbreak were excluded, immunosuppression remained significantly associated with illness (MOR not calculable, CI 1·6, infinity). Cryptosporidium transmission continued after this massive waterborne outbreak but decreased rapidly within 2 months.

scholarly journals Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in children under five years of age in the post-pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era in Brazil: a case control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Jorge da Fonseca Lima ◽  
Maria Júlia Gonçalves Mello ◽  
Maria de Fátima Pessoa Militão de Albuquerque ◽  
Maria Isabella Londres Lopes ◽  
George Henrique Cordeiro Serra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Control Study
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