scholarly journals Effects of introducing physical training in the course of a 16-week high-fat diet regimen on hepatic steatosis, adipose tissue fat accumulation, and plasma lipid profile

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1064-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
M-S Gauthier ◽  
K Couturier ◽  
A Charbonneau ◽  
J-M Lavoie
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Plasma Lipid Profile ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Diet Regimen

scholarly journals Xylan-oligosaccharides ameliorate high fat diet induced obesity and glucose intolerance and modulate plasma lipid profile and gut microbiota in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 103622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengnan Zhang ◽  
Abdullah Abdulaziz Abbod Abdo ◽  
Benariba Kaddour ◽  
Qiuhua Wu ◽  
Liang Xin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Plasma Lipid Profile ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity

Consumption of raw brown onions variably modulate plasma lipid profile and lipoprotein oxidation in pigs fed a high-fat diet

2004 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas K Gabler ◽  
Ewa Ostrowska ◽  
Sam J Sterling ◽  
Rodney B Jones ◽  
Brendan G Tatham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Plasma Lipid Profile ◽  
Lipoprotein Oxidation ◽  
High Fat

Metformin prevents liver tumorigenesis induced by high-fat diet in C57Bl/6 mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (8) ◽  
pp. E987-E998 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Tajima ◽  
A. Nakamura ◽  
J. Shirakawa ◽  
Y. Togashi ◽  
K. Orime ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is increasing with the growing epidemics of obesity and diabetes. NAFLD encompasses a clinicopathologic spectrum of disease ranging from isolated hepatic steatosis to NASH, which is a more aggressive form of fatty liver disease, to cirrhosis and, finally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The exact mechanism behind the development of HCC in NASH remains unclear; however, it has been established that hepatic steatosis is the important risk factor in the development of HCC. Metformin has recently drawn attention because of its potential antitumor effect. Here, we investigated the effects of metformin on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced liver tumorigenesis, using a mouse model of NASH and liver tumor. Metformin prevented long-term HFD-induced liver tumorigenesis in C57Bl/6 mice. Of note, metformin failed to protect against liver tumorigenesis in mice that had already begun to develop NAFLD. Metformin improved short-term HFD-induced fat accumulation in the liver, associated with the suppression of adipose tissue inflammation. Collectively, these results suggest that metformin may prevent liver tumorigenesis via suppression of liver fat accumulation in the early stage, before the onset of NAFLD, which seems to be associated with a delay in the development of inflammation of the adipose tissue.

scholarly journals Olive Leaf Extract Attenuates Obesity in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice by Modulating the Expression of Molecules Involved in Adipogenesis and Thermogenesis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Shen ◽  
Su Jin Song ◽  
Narae Keum ◽  
Taesun Park
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Olive Leaf ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Olive Leaf Extract

The present study aimed to investigate whether olive leaf extract (OLE) prevents high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Mice were randomly divided into groups that received a chow diet (CD), HFD, or 0.15% OLE-supplemented diet (OLD) for 8 weeks. OLD-fed mice showed significantly reduced body weight gain, visceral fat-pad weights, and plasma lipid levels as compared with HFD-fed mice. OLE significantly reversed the HFD-induced upregulation of WNT10b- and galanin-mediated signaling molecules and key adipogenic genes (PPARγ, C/EBPα, CD36, FAS, and leptin) in the epididymal adipose tissue of HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, the HFD-induced downregulation of thermogenic genes involved in uncoupled respiration (SIRT1, PGC1α, and UCP1) and mitochondrial biogenesis (TFAM, NRF-1, and COX2) was also significantly reversed by OLE. These results suggest that OLE exerts beneficial effects against obesity by regulating the expression of genes involved in adipogenesis and thermogenesis in the visceral adipose tissue of HFD-fed mice.

scholarly journals Peripancreatic adipose tissue protects against high-fat-diet-induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 2323-2334
Author(s):  
Belén Chanclón ◽  
Yanling Wu ◽  
Milica Vujičić ◽  
Marco Bauzá-Thorbrügge ◽  
Elin Banke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Fat Depot

Abstract Background/objectives Visceral adiposity is associated with increased diabetes risk, while expansion of subcutaneous adipose tissue may be protective. However, the visceral compartment contains different fat depots. Peripancreatic adipose tissue (PAT) is an understudied visceral fat depot. Here, we aimed to define PAT functionality in lean and high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Subjects/methods Four adipose tissue depots (inguinal, mesenteric, gonadal, and peripancreatic adipose tissue) from chow- and HFD-fed male mice were compared with respect to adipocyte size (n = 4–5/group), cellular composition (FACS analysis, n = 5–6/group), lipogenesis and lipolysis (n = 3/group), and gene expression (n = 6–10/group). Radioactive tracers were used to compare lipid and glucose metabolism between these four fat depots in vivo (n = 5–11/group). To determine the role of PAT in obesity-associated metabolic disturbances, PAT was surgically removed prior to challenging the mice with HFD. PAT-ectomized mice were compared to sham controls with respect to glucose tolerance, basal and glucose-stimulated insulin levels, hepatic and pancreatic steatosis, and gene expression (n = 8–10/group). Results We found that PAT is a tiny fat depot (~0.2% of the total fat mass) containing relatively small adipocytes and many “non-adipocytes” such as leukocytes and fibroblasts. PAT was distinguished from the other fat depots by increased glucose uptake and increased fatty acid oxidation in both lean and obese mice. Moreover, PAT was the only fat depot where the tissue weight correlated positively with liver weight in obese mice (R = 0.65; p = 0.009). Surgical removal of PAT followed by 16-week HFD feeding was associated with aggravated hepatic steatosis (p = 0.008) and higher basal (p < 0.05) and glucose-stimulated insulin levels (p < 0.01). PAT removal also led to enlarged pancreatic islets and increased pancreatic expression of markers of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and islet development (p < 0.05). Conclusions PAT is a small metabolically highly active fat depot that plays a previously unrecognized role in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in advanced obesity.

scholarly journals Scallop protein with endogenous high taurine and glycine content prevents high-fat, high-sucrose-induced obesity and improves plasma lipid profile in male C57BL/6J mice

Amino Acids ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1659-1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne Sørup Tastesen ◽  
Alison H. Keenan ◽  
Lise Madsen ◽  
Karsten Kristiansen ◽  
Bjørn Liaset
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Plasma Lipid Profile ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Glycine Content ◽  
High Sucrose

Effect of the detraining status on high-fat diet induced fat accumulation in the adipose tissue and liver in female rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siham Yasari ◽  
Elise Dufresne ◽  
Denis Prud'homme ◽  
Jean-Marc Lavoie
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Accumulation

Identification of genes expressed differentially in subcutaneous and visceral fat of cattle, pig, and mouse

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Hishikawa ◽  
Yeon-Hee Hong ◽  
Sang-gun Roh ◽  
Hisae Miyahara ◽  
Yukihiko Nishimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Visceral Adipose

The factors that control fat deposition in adipose tissues are poorly understood. It is known that visceral adipose tissues display a range of biochemical properties that distinguish them from adipose tissues of subcutaneous origin. However, we have little information on gene expression, either in relation to fat deposition or on interspecies variation in fat deposition. The first step in this study was to identify genes expressed in fat depot of cattle using the differential display RT-PCR method. Among the transcripts identified as having differential expression in the two adipose tissues were cell division cycle 42 homolog (CDC42), prefoldin-5, decorin, phosphate carrier, 12S ribosomal RNA gene, and kelch repeat and BTB domain containing 2 (Kbtbd2). In subsequent experiments, we determined the expression levels of these latter genes in the pig and in mice fed either a control or high-fat diet to compare the regulation of fat accumulation in other animal species. The levels of CDC42 and decorin mRNA were found to be higher in visceral adipose tissue than in subcutaneous adipose tissue in cattle, pig, and mice. However, the other genes studied did not show consistent expression patterns between the two tissues in cattle, pigs, and mice. Interestingly, all genes were upregulated in subcutaneous and/or visceral adipose tissues of mice fed the high-fat diet compared with the control diet. The data presented here extend our understanding of gene expression in fat depots and provide further proof that the mechanisms of fat accumulation differ significantly between animal species.

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