scholarly journals Challenges in comprehensive management of spinal cord injury in India and in the Asian Spinal Cord network region: findings of a survey of experts, patients and consumers

Spinal Cord ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
H S Chhabra ◽  
S Sharma ◽  
M Arora
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-165
Author(s):  
Philippines Cabahug ◽  
Charles Pickard ◽  
Travis Edmiston ◽  
Jesse A. Lieberman

Background: Muscle spasticity is a common sequela of spinal cord injury (SCI) that may impact daily function. Spasticity dynamically varies and is an important physiologic response to illness or other stressors. The challenge for the general practitioner is in recognizing, treating, and developing an effective plan focused on the patient’s individual goals. Objective: To provide the general practitioner with a basic contextual, diagnostic, and therapeutic approach to spasticity management for individuals with neurologic injury such as SCI. Discussion: Muscle spasticity can be disabling and can be managed effectively by using a comprehensive approach. We discuss a representative case and the assessment and planning for individuals with SCI and spasticity. Through an understanding of pathophysiology, careful history taking, and physical exam, a cause for increased spasticity can be identified, such as infection, constipation, or pregnancy. Symptomatology of these triggers is often quite different in the SCI population than in the general population. Management includes the treatment of this causative stressor as well as the thoughtful management of spasticity itself. Conclusion: Muscle spasticity is dynamic and requires a patient-centered approach. The general practitioner can play a key role in recognizing and treating spasticity in an individual with SCI. Comprehensive management to meet patient and caregiver goals involves primary care providers, specialists, and allied health practitioners.


2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 572-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin A. Kruger ◽  
Marilyn Pires ◽  
Yvette Ngann ◽  
Michelle Sterling ◽  
Salah Rubayi

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