scholarly journals Elevated arterial blood pressure after superior cavo-pulmonary anastomosis is associated with elevated pulmonary artery pressure and cerebrovascular dysautoregulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio G Cabrera ◽  
Kathleen K Kibler ◽  
R Blaine Easley ◽  
Michelle Goldsworthy ◽  
Lara S Shekerdemian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood

A Comparison of the Acute Haemodynamic Effects of Propranolol and Pindolol at Rest and during Supine Exercise in Man

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (s6) ◽  
pp. 465s-468s ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Svendsen ◽  
J. E. Carlsen ◽  
O. Hartling ◽  
A. McNair ◽  
J. Trap-Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Receptor Blocking ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Β Receptor

1. Dose-response curves for heart rate, cardiac output, arterial blood pressure and pulmonary artery pressure were obtained in 16 male patients after intravenous administration of three increasing doses of pindolol, propranolol or placebo. All patients had an uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction 6–8 months earlier. 2. The dose-response curves were obtained at rest and during repeated bouts of supine bicycle exercise. The cumulative dose amounted to 0.024 mg/kg body weight for pindolol and to 0.192 mg/kg body weight for propranolol. 3. At rest propranolol significantly reduced heart rate and cardiac output by 12% and 15% respectively. Arterial mean blood pressure was reduced by 9.2 mmHg. Mean pulmonary artery pressure increased significantly by 2 mmHg. Statistically significant changes in these variables were not seen after pindolol or placebo. 4. During exercise pindolol and propranolol both reduced cardiac output, heart rate and arterial blood pressure to the same extent. After propranolol mean pulmonary artery pressure was increased significantly by 3.6 mmHg. Pindolol and placebo did not change pulmonary artery pressure significantly. 5. The study suggests that pindolol may offer haemodynamic advantages over β-receptor-blocking agents without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity during low activity of the sympathetic nervous system, and may be preferable in situations where the β-receptor-blocking effect is required only during physical or psychic stress.

scholarly journals Vasoactive Substances in Pulmonary Embolism

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H. Todd ◽  
J.B. Forrest ◽  
J. Hirsh
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Autologous Blood ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Pulmonary Vasculature ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Vasoactive Substances ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Right

Embolisation of the pulmonary vasculature with microspheres releases prostaglandin-1ike substances, PGLS (Piper and Vane, N.Y. Acad. Sei. 180: 363, 1971) but the capacity of autologous blood clots (ABC) to release pulmonary vasoactive substances is disputed. Ten normal mongrel dogs were anesthetised with pentobarbitone sodium and instrumented. Pulmonary venous blood was continuously superfused over isolated tissues for bioassay and then returned to the animal. Injection of ABC into the right atrium increased pulmonary artery pressure from 21 ± 6.5 mm Hg to 38 ± 15 mm Hg (mean ± S.D.), increased arterial pCO2 and decreased arterial pO2. No significant changes in heart rate, systemic arterial blood pressure or cardiac output occurred. In three animals contractions of the blood superfused assay tissues occurred following embolism. This effect was produced in normal assay tissues and those pretreated with antagonists of ACh, Serotonin, Histamine and Catecholamines and could therefore be attributed to PGLS. No cardiovascular or assay tissue tension changes were observed when equivalent volumes of saline or clot lysate were injected into the right atrium.Therefore, pulmonary embolism with ABC can release PGLS which may contribute to the pulmonary artery pressure rise. Vasoactive substances may normally be inactivated in the lung but in some animals appear in pulmonary venous blood.(Supported by the Ontario Heart Foundation)

Effect of tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy on pulmonary arterial pressure in adults

Open Medicine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-486
Author(s):  
Saeed Abdelwhab ◽  
Khaled. Dessoukey ◽  
Gamal Lotfy ◽  
Ashraf Alsaeed ◽  
Hesham Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Mean Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Group 1

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine the mean pulmonary pressure in adult with hypertrophic tonsils and adenoids and to clarify whether tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy has any effect on mean pulmonary arterial pressure of these adult. The study was carried out on 50 patients with diagnosis of upper airway obstruction resulting from hypertrophied tonsils and adenoids (group1). 25 adults were assigned as control with similar age and sex distribution (group2). For study subjects Routine general Examinations, BMI, ECG, Chest X ray, Arterial blood gases and Echocardiography were done. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure was measured by using Doppler Echocardiography preoperatively and mean 3–4 months postoperatively in all subjects. Elevated PAP (pulmonary artery pressure) was found in 15 patients (30%) in group 1 preoperatively. Mean PAP was 28.34 ±5.11 mmHg preoperative in group 1 and 19.84 ± 5.0 mmHg in group 2 (p <0.001). PAP decrease to 22.38 ±4.28 mmHg postoperatively in group 1 (p <0.001). Arterial oxygen saturation (spo2%) increase from 93.5 ± 1.9% preoperatively to 95.3 ± 1.3% post operatively (p < 0.001). percent reduction of PAP postoperatively correlates to age (t=−2.3, p= 0.02), preoperative PAP (p =0.01) but no correlation was found with BMI. In conclusions, this Study showed that obstructed adenoid and hypertrophy of tonsils causes higher mean pulmonary artery pressure in adult & revealed that tonsil& adenoid is effective therapeutic measure in such patients. With early intervention is necessary to avoid progressive cardiopulmonary disease.

Relationship between Haemodynamic and Respiratory Function in Patients with Myocardial Infarction and Left Ventricular Failure

1972 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 751-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne E. Tattersfield ◽  
M. W. McNicol ◽  
R. W. Sillett
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Failure ◽  
Stroke Index ◽  
Ventricular Failure ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood

1. Forty-five patients with myocardial infarction and clinical signs of left ventricular failure have been studied with measurements of pulmonary and brachial artery pressure, cardiac output, arterial blood gas pressures and expired air collections. 2. Pulmonary artery pressure was elevated and stroke index was reduced in the majority of patients (89% and 85% respectively). There was a close inverse correlation between these two measurements, both of which appear to be direct consequences of impaired left ventricular function. 3. Arterial hypoxaemia was common and only transiently relieved by hyperventilation. Dead space/tidal volume ratio and venous admixture were both increased, compatible with considerable ventilation/perfusion mismatching in the lung. Both measurements correlated directly with pulmonary artery pressure.

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