scholarly journals Ductus arteriosus: gene profile for fetal maturation versus postnatal closure

2017 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavio Coceani ◽  
Francesca Scebba ◽  
Debora Angeloni
Keyword(s):  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Gene Profile ◽  
Postnatal Closure

Morphologic Evidence of Accelerated Closure of the Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 872-880
Author(s):  
Donald T. King ◽  
George C. Emmanouilides ◽  
James C. Andrews ◽  
Frank M. Hirose
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Chronic Hypertension ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Autopsy Study ◽  
Histologic Evidence ◽  
Abruptio Placenta ◽  
Postnatal Closure ◽  
Age Of Death

In preterm infants, closure of the ductus arteriosus (DA) is often delayed, especially in those with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). However, it has been suggested that functional closure of the DA may occur as early as 24 hours of age in some preterm infants exposed to intrauterine stress, and this is usually associated with decreased incidence of RDS. This suggests that accelerated maturation of the DA as well as of the lungs occurs in utero. Accordingly, histologic evidence of accelerated maturation of the DA was sought in a prospective autopsy study of 55 preterm infants ranging in gestational age from 19 to 32 weeks. There were four infants with clinically closed DA which showed histologic evidence of closure. The birth weight of these four infants ranged from 750-1,100 gm, the gestational age ranged from 24-32 weeks, and age of death was 39 hours to 6 days. The immediate causes of death were intracerebral hemorrhage or intrapulmonary hemorrhage, or both. Obstetric complications included chronic second trimester vaginal bleeding, abruptio placenta, malnutrition, diabetes, pulmonic stenosis of moderate degree, and chronic hypertension. These findings support the hypothesis that in some preterm infants exposed to chronic intrauterine stress, maturation of the DA is accelerated. This may result clinically in effective postnatal closure of the DA.

scholarly journals Gene expression in ductus arteriosus and aorta: comparison of birth and oxygen effects

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Costa ◽  
Silvia Barogi ◽  
Nicholas D. Socci ◽  
Debora Angeloni ◽  
Margherita Maffei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Rho Kinase ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Contractile Apparatus ◽  
Gene Profile ◽  
Birth Process ◽  
Oxygen Effects ◽  
Oxygen Oxygen ◽  
Opposing Effects

Ductus arteriosus (DA) closure is initiated by oxygen rise postnatally and progresses in two, functional-to-permanent, stages. Here, using GeneChip Arrays in rats (normoxic and hyperoxic fetus, normoxic newborn), we examined whether oxygen alone duplicates the birth process in affecting DA genes. In addition, by comparing DA with aorta (Ao), we identified features in postnatal gene profile marking transitional adjustments in a closing (DA) vs. a persistent (Ao) vessel. We found changes in neonatal DA denoting enhanced formation and action of the constrictor endothelin-1 (ET-1). Likewise, ANG II type 1 receptor was upregulated, and the compound was a constrictor. Conversely, relaxant PGE2 became less effective. Among agents for functional closure, only ET-1 was affected similarly by oxygen and birth. Coincidentally, neonatal DA showed enhanced contractile drive with upregulation of Rho-Rho kinase and calcium signaling along with downregulation of contractile proteins. The latter effect was shared by oxygen. Changes denoting active remodeling were also seen in neonatal but not hyperoxic fetal DA. Ao, unlike DA, exhibited postnatal variations in noradrenergic, purinergic, and PGI2 systems with opposing effects on vasomotion. Contraction and remodeling processes were also less affected by birth, whereas lipid and glucose metabolism were upregulated. We conclude that several agents, including ANG II as novel effector, promote functional closure of DA, but only ET-1 is causally coupled with oxygen. Oxygen has no role in processes for permanent closure. Functional closure is associated with downregulation of contractile apparatus, and this may render neonatal DA less amenable to tone manipulation. Conceivably, activation of metabolism in neonatal Ao is a distinguishing feature for transitional adaptations in the permanent vasculature.

Endothelin-1 release from lamb ductus arteriosus; relevance to postnatal closure of the vessel

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavio Coceani ◽  
Lois Kelsey
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Conformational Change ◽  
Contractile Response ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Presence And Absence ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Cytochrome P 450 ◽  
Postnatal Closure

Our previous investigations have shown that endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a singularly potent constrictor of the ductus arteriosus and that a cytochrome P-450 system located in the sarcolemma is crucial for the contractile response of the vessel to oxygen. We have now studied the release of ET-1 from isolated ductus arteriosus preparations of near-term fetal lambs. Preparations produced measurable amounts of ET-1 under basal conditions (about 0.04 pg/100 mg wet weight∙min) both in the presence and absence of the endothelium. Anisomycin (10−4 M) reduced this release by 50%, while thrombin (1 U/mL) doubled the release. Treatment with a CO mixture (CO/O2 ratio, 0.27) inhibited ET-1 release from intact and endothelium-denuded preparations. We propose that oxygen triggers closure of the ductus arteriosus at birth by causing a conformational change in a specific cytochrome P-450, which, in turn, provides the signal for the synthesis of the constrictor ET-1.Key words: ductus arteriosus closure, oxygen, cytochrome P-450, endothelin.

Control of the ductus arteriosus

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Heymann ◽  
A. M. Rudolph
Keyword(s):  
Species Differences ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Vasoactive Substance ◽  
Major Function ◽  
Major Mechanism ◽  
Major Species ◽  
Postnatal Closure

In the fetus the major function of the ductus arteriosus is to divert flow away from the lungs toward the placenta, therby avoiding unnecessary circulation through the lungs and reducing the work load of the heart. Constriction of the ductus arteriosus is produced by several mechanisms that may interact with one another in producing normal postnatal closure of the ductus arteriosus. The major mechanism is the constrictor effect of an increased O2 environment. This may directly affect the ductus arteriosus muscle or may work through the release of an intermediary substance. Other vasoactive substance circulating in the blood after birth may also play some role in constriction of the ductus arteriosus. There are major species differences in the degree and type of response to the various stimuli and the exact mechanisms ultimately responsible for closure are not yet fully understood.

scholarly journals The endothelial cells of ductus arteriosus have a unique gene profile to control vascular morphology

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norika Liu ◽  
Tomohiro Yokota ◽  
Shun Maekawa ◽  
Utako Yokoyama ◽  
Takashi Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Gene Profile ◽  
Unique Gene ◽  
Vascular Morphology

Anatomy and spontaneous closure of the ductus arteriosus

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Michael Obladen
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Spontaneous Closure ◽  
Foramen Ovale ◽  
Full Understanding ◽  
Active Process ◽  
Fetal Circulation ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Postnatal Closure

The ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale were described by Galen without understanding their functions. His beliefs in soul localization and spiritization within the left ventricle established religious pneumatology which became a theological need in the Middle Ages. Pulmonary transit was recognized by Servetus and Colombo after the Reformation around 1550. This prompted Harvey’s full understanding of the fetal circulation. Botallo did not describe the ductus arteriosus, but in 1564 redescribed the foramen ovale, making his way into the Nomina Anatomica by mistake. Most authors of the 19th and 20th centuries believed ductal patency to be passive, and postnatal closure to be an active process, explained by mechanical theories. After the discovery of prostaglandins by Bergstrom and Vane, Coceani proved that ductal patency is maintained by the relaxant action of prostaglandins.

scholarly journals Chronic In Utero Cyclooxygenase Inhibition Alters PGE2-Regulated Ductus Arteriosus Contractile Pathways and Prevents Postnatal Closure

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Reese ◽  
Nahid Waleh ◽  
Stanley D Poole ◽  
Naoko Brown ◽  
Christine Roman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Cyclooxygenase Inhibition ◽  
Postnatal Closure

Maternal vitamin A alters gene profiles and structural maturation of the rat ductus arteriosus

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Utako Yokoyama ◽  
Yoji Sato ◽  
Toru Akaike ◽  
Seiichi Ishida ◽  
Junichi Sawada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vascular Remodeling ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Gene Profile ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Affymetrix Genechips ◽  
Gene Profiles ◽  
Dominant Genes

Retinoic acid (RA), a metabolite of vitamin A, has been proposed to regulate vascular remodeling and reactivity of the ductus arteriosus (DA). Using rat Affymetrix GeneChips, we found that a considerable number of genes in DA varied their expression levels in accordance with developmental mode: namely, preterm-, term-, and postnatal-dominant clusters. Among a total of 8,740 probe sets, maternal vitamin A administration (MVA) changed the expression levels of 91 genes (116 probe sets) >2.5-fold. About half of preterm- and term-dominant genes responded to MVA, whereas only 5% of postnatal-dominant genes responded to MVA, indicating that fetal-dominant genes were susceptible to RA signals. The expression levels of 51 genes in MVA-treated DA at preterm were similar to the expression levels in nontreated DA at term, indicating that the global gene profile at preterm resembled that of the control animal at term. We observed neointima formation in MVA-treated DA at preterm in accordance with upregulation of fibronectin and hyaluronic acid, whereas it was rarely observed in nontreated DA at preterm. Five fetal cardiac myofibrillar genes were also upregulated in MVA-treated in vivo DA, whereas they were developmentally downregulated in nontreated DA. The present study indicates that MVA-mediated alteration in gene profile was associated with early structural maturation of DA, although MVA-mediated maturation may differ from normal vascular remodeling of DA.

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