scholarly journals Sympathetic Denervation of One White Fat Depot Changes Norepinephrine Content and Turnover in Intact White and Brown Fat Depots

Obesity ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1355-1364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth B.S. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Brown Fat ◽  
Sympathetic Denervation ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Norepinephrine Content ◽  
Fat Depot ◽  
White Fat

scholarly journals Brown and beige adipose tissues: phenotype and metabolic potential in mice and men

2018 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 482-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanta Chechi ◽  
Wouter van Marken Lichtenbelt ◽  
Denis Richard
Keyword(s):  
Brown Fat ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Metabolic Potential ◽  
Oxidative Potential ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
Beige Fat ◽  
Fat Stores ◽  
White Fat ◽  
Body Energy

With the recent rediscovery of brown fat in adult humans, our outlook on adipose tissue biology has undergone a paradigm shift. While we attempt to identify, recruit, and activate classic brown fat stores in humans, identification of beige fat has also raised the possibility of browning our white fat stores. Whether such transformation of human white fat depots can be achieved to enhance the whole body oxidative potential remains to be seen. Evidence to date, however, largely points toward a major oxidative role only for classic brown fat depots, at least in rodents. White fat stores seem to provide the main fuel for sustaining thermogenesis via lipolysis. Interestingly, molecular markers consistent with both classic brown and beige fat identity can be observed in human supraclavicular depot, thereby complicating the discussion on beige fat in humans. Here, we review the recent advances made in our understanding of brown and beige fat in humans and mice. We further provide an overview of their plausible physiological relevance to whole body energy metabolism.

ACETATE-1-C14 UTILIZATION BY BROWN FAT FROM HAMSTERS IN COLD EXPOSURE AND HIBERNATION

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1397-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Baumber ◽  
Arliss Denyes
Keyword(s):  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Primary Response ◽  
Brown Fat ◽  
Cervical Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
White Fat

The in vitro conversion of acetate-1-C14 to C14O2 and C14-lipid by the interscapular and cervical brown fat depots of cold-exposed golden hamsters was measured. Tissue samples were taken from animals after 48 hours, 3 weeks, and 6–8 weeks in the cold, in hibernation, and arousing from hibernation and immediately after arousal. There was a depression in C14O2 production by cervical tissue after 48 hours in the cold, and by interscapular tissue after 3 weeks in the cold. C14O2 production by both depots remained low throughout acclimation, hibernation, and arousal. C14-Lipid production by both depots increased after 48 hours in the cold and remained high during acclimation. C14-Lipid production was depressed during hibernation and arousal, with recovery to acclimated levels at the end of arousal in the interscapular, but not in the cervical depot. Cervical brown fat had a higher conversion to both C14O2 and C14-lipid than interscapular brown fat. Qualitatively, but not quantitatively, brown fat behaved similarly to white fat. It was concluded that increased lipogenic capacity is not a primary response of brown fat to cold exposure of the animal, but that some other pathway becomes highly active.

scholarly journals Brown Adipose YY1 Deficiency Activates Expression of Secreted Proteins Linked to Energy Expenditure and Prevents Diet-Induced Obesity

2015 ◽  
pp. MCB.00722-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Verdeguer ◽  
Meghan S. Soustek ◽  
Maximilian Hatting ◽  
Sharon M. Blättler ◽  
Devin McDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Fat ◽  
Secreted Proteins ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
White Fat

Mitochondrial oxidative and thermogenic function in brown and beige adipose tissues modulate rates of energy expenditure. It is unclear, however, how beige or white adipose tissue contributes to brown fat thermogenic function or compensate for partial deficiencies in this tissue and protect against obesity. Here, we show that the transcription factor YY1 in brown adipose tissue activates the canonical thermogenic and uncoupling gene expression program. In contrast, YY1 represses a series of secreted proteins including FGF21, BMP8b, GDF15, Angptl6, Neuromedin B and Nesfatin linked to energy expenditure. Despite substantial decreases in mitochondrial thermogenic proteins in brown fat, mice lacking YY1 in this tissue are strongly protected against diet-induced obesity, exhibit increased energy expenditure and oxygen consumption in beige and white fat depots. The increased expression of secreted proteins correlates with elevation of energy expenditure and promotion of beige and white fat activation. These results indicate that YY1 in brown adipose tissue controls antagonistic gene expression programs associated with energy balance and maintenance of body weight.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Browning Agents on the White Adipogenesis of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Contribution to Fighting Obesity

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Girolamo Di Maio ◽  
Nicola Alessio ◽  
Ibrahim Halil Demirsoy ◽  
Gianfranco Peluso ◽  
Silverio Perrotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
White Adipocyte ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
White Fat

Brown-like adipocytes can be induced in white fat depots by a different environmental or drug stimuli, known as “browning” or “beiging”. These brite adipocytes express thermogenin UCP1 protein and show different metabolic advantages, such as the ability to acquire a thermogenic phenotype corresponding to standard brown adipocytes that counteracts obesity. In this research, we evaluated the effects of several browning agents during white adipocyte differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Our in vitro findings identified two compounds that may warrant further in vivo investigation as possible anti-obesity drugs. We found that rosiglitazone and sildenafil are the most promising drug candidates for a browning treatment of obesity. These drugs are already available on the market for treating diabetes and erectile dysfunction, respectively. Thus, their off-label use may be contemplated, but it must be emphasized that some severe side effects are associated with use of these drugs.

Burn Injury or Cutaneous Wound Injury to Mice Stimulates Brown Fat but not White Fat Uptake of F18-FDG in Vivo

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S166
Author(s):  
Q Zhang ◽  
E A. Carter ◽  
B Y. Ma ◽  
L J. Mcintosh ◽  
E Cyr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Brown Fat ◽  
Cutaneous Wound ◽  
Fat Uptake ◽  
White Fat

Anti-obesity effect of taurine through inhibition of adipogenesis in white fat tissue but not in brown fat tissue in a high-fat diet-induced obese mouse model

Amino Acids ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoung Soo Kim ◽  
Min Ju Jang ◽  
Sungsoon Fang ◽  
Seul Gi Yoon ◽  
Il Yong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Brown Fat ◽  
Obese Mouse ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
High Fat ◽  
White Fat
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document