scholarly journals Percent Body Fat and Lean Mass Explain the Gender Difference in Leptin: Analysis and Interpretation of Leptin in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Adults

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 543-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Marshall ◽  
Gary K. Grunwald ◽  
William T. Donahoo ◽  
Sharon Scarbro ◽  
Susan M. Shetterly
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
White Adults ◽  
Hispanic White

Percent body fat, but not lean mass, is associated with objectively measured physical function in middle-aged women

Maturitas ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Christie L. Ward-Ritacco ◽  
Ashley Meyer ◽  
Grace Walker ◽  
Deborah Riebe ◽  
Natalie J. Sabik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Objectively Measured

scholarly journals Food Creatine and DXA-Derived Body Composition in Boys and Girls Aged 8 to 19 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117863882110593
Author(s):  
Darinka Korovljev ◽  
Nikola Todorovic ◽  
Valdemar Stajer ◽  
Sergej M Ostojic
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Mineral Density

Several small-scale trials indicate a positive correlation between dietary creatine intake and fat-free mass in the pediatric population; whether this connection occurs at the population-wide level remains currently unknown. The main purpose of this cross-sectional study was to calculate the amount of creatine consumed through a regular diet among U.S. boys and girls aged 8 to 19 years, and investigate the link between creatine consumption and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived body composition indices in this population. Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018 round, with dietary information and whole-body DXA body composition measures extracted for respondents aged 8 to 19 years (1273 participants, 649 boys and 624 girls). Individual values for total grams of creatine consumed per day for each participant were computed using the average amount of creatine (3.88 g/kg) across all creatine-containing foods. The primary exposure was the mean daily intake of creatine; the primary and secondary outcomes comprised lean mass excluding bone mineral content (BMC), and bone mineral density, BMC, lean mass including BMC, fat mass, and percent body fat, respectively. The average intake of creatine across the sample was 0.65 ± 0.72 g/day (95% CI, from 0.61 to 0.69). Creatine positively correlated with lean mass (excluding BMC) and BMC across the whole sample ( r = .18 and .20, respectively; P < .001); a significant negative correlation was found between creatine intake and percent body fat ( r = −.09; P = .001). The higher intake of creatine was associated with higher lean mass in girls and higher BMC in boys, while taking more creatine corresponded to less body fat for both genders ( P < .05). Our findings indicate a significant correlation between dietary creatine and DXA-derived body composition biomarkers in a nationally representative cohort of U.S. youth. These results justify further research of creatine’s role in modifying body morphology in the pediatric population, taking into account the age and sex specific traits.

scholarly journals The Association of Percent Body Fat and Lean Mass With HbA1c in US Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 600-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie K. Bower ◽  
Rachel J. Meadows ◽  
Meredith C. Foster ◽  
Randi E. Foraker ◽  
Abigail B. Shoben
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Percent Body Fat

Abstract P246: Lean Body Mass, Percent Body Fat, and HbA1c in the U.S. Population: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2006)

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie K Bower ◽  
Rachel Brackett ◽  
Meredith C Foster ◽  
Randi E Foraker
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Diagnosed Diabetes

Introduction: Weight loss is an important component of diabetes prevention and management because of the known effect of adiposity on insulin resistance. While both muscle (lean mass) and fat mass are known to serve important metabolic functions, most studies of obesity and diabetes use proxy measures for overall or abdominal obesity without accounting for the composition of that mass. The aim of this study was to examine the association of total and trunk lean body mass and fat mass with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) - an indicator of glucose control in persons with diabetes and a risk marker in non-diabetic populations - in the general U.S. population. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from the NHANES collected in 1999-2006 in participants aged 18-69 years. Lean body mass and percent body fat were determined using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA); analyses were weighted and multiple imputation was applied to account for missing DXA data. Associations of body composition with HbA1C were evaluated using multiple linear regression. Results: The study sample included 1,085 participants with diagnosed diabetes (mean age 56 years, 50% male, mean HbA1c=7.6%) and 15,597 participants without diabetes (mean age 40 years, 51% women, mean HbA1c=5.3%). Trunk lean mass and total lean mass were significantly associated with lower HbA1c in adults without diabetes, independent of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. After adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and waist circumference, each 10 kg increase in trunk lean mass was associated with 0.07-% points lower HbA1c (95% CI: -0.09, -0.03). After adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and BMI, each 10kg increase in total lean mass was associated with 0.03-% points lower HbA1c (95% CI: -0.05, -0.0). Each 5% increase in trunk fat was associated with 0.5-% point higher HbA1c (95% CI: 0.45, 0.55) and each 5% increase in total fat was associated with 0.05-% point higher HbA1c (95% CI: 0.05, 0.06). Lean mass and percent body fat were not associated with HbA1c in participants with diagnosed diabetes (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Lean mass is independently associated with HbA1c in adults without diabetes. Interventions that target both weight loss where warranted and increasing lean mass via resistance training may have the most beneficial impact for diabetes prevention.

scholarly journals Examining the Associations among Fibrocystic Breast Change, Total Lean Mass, and Percent Body Fat

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Yuei Chen ◽  
Wen-Hui Fang ◽  
Chung-Ching Wang ◽  
Tung-Wei Kao ◽  
Yaw-Wen Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Percent Body Fat

scholarly journals High percent body fat mass predicts lower risk of cardiac events in patients with heart failure: an explanation of the obesity paradox

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuhiko Ohori ◽  
Toshiyuki Yano ◽  
Satoshi Katano ◽  
Hidemichi Kouzu ◽  
Suguru Honma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Cardiac Event ◽  
Muscle Wasting ◽  
Obesity Paradox ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Kaplan Meier

Abstract Background Although high body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor of heart failure (HF), HF patients with a higher BMI had a lower mortality rate than that in HF patients with normal or lower BMI, a phenomenon that has been termed the “obesity paradox”. However, the relationship between body composition, i.e., fat or muscle mass, and clinical outcome in HF remains unclear. Methods We retrospectively analyzed data for 198 consecutive HF patients (76 years of age; males, 49%). Patients who were admitted to our institute for diagnosis and management of HF and received a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan were included regardless of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) categories. Muscle wasting was defined as appendicular skeletal muscle mass index < 7.0 kg/m2 in males and < 5.4 kg/m2 in females. Increased percent body fat mass (increased FM) was defined as percent body fat > 25% in males and > 30% in females. Results The median age of the patients was 76 years (interquartile range [IQR], 67–82 years) and 49% of them were male. The median LVEF was 47% (IQR, 33–63%) and 33% of the patients had heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Increased FM and muscle wasting were observed in 58 and 67% of the enrolled patients, respectively. During a 180-day follow-up period, 32 patients (16%) had cardiac events defined as cardiac death or readmission by worsening HF or arrhythmia. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that patients with increased FM had a lower cardiac event rate than did patients without increased FM (11.4% vs. 22.6%, p = 0.03). Kaplan-Meier curves of cardiac event rates did not differ between patients with and those without muscle wasting (16.5% vs. 15.4%, p = 0.93). In multivariate Cox regression analyses, increased FM was independently associated with lower cardiac event rates (hazard ratio: 0.45, 95% confidence interval: 0.22–0.93) after adjustment for age, sex, diabetes, muscle wasting, and renal function. Conclusions High percent body fat mass is associated with lower risk of short-term cardiac events in HF patients.

Discriminant Analysis of Personality and Body-Image Factors of Females Differing in Percent Body Fat

1980 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-552
Author(s):  
Michael Young ◽  
T. Gilmour Reeve
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Personality Factor ◽  
Personality Factor Questionnaire ◽  
Discriminant Analyses ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Body Cathexis

The purpose of the study was to determine whether individuals with high percent body fat can be distinguished on the basis of personality and body-image from those possessing lower levels of body fat. 65 female college students were administered the 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire and the Secord and Jourard Body-cathexis Scale. Measurements of height, weight, and skin folds at the triceps and illiac crest were also taken. On the basis of percent body fat two groups of 20 females each (high and low percent body fat) were identified. From discriminant analyses one personality factor and six body-image items were identified which distinguished between groups. Reclassification of the subjects, based upon derived discriminant functions, resulted in 60.0% of the subjects being correctly reclassified from personality data and 100% of the subjects correctly reclassified from body-image data. Body-image appears to be an important factor that can distinguish between individuals possessing high and low levels of body fat.

scholarly journals Trends in obesity and adiposity measures by race or ethnicity among adults in the United States 2011-18: population based study

BMJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. n365
Author(s):  
Buyun Liu ◽  
Yang Du ◽  
Yuxiao Wu ◽  
Linda G Snetselaar ◽  
Robert B Wallace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the trends in obesity and adiposity measures, including body mass index, waist circumference, body fat percentage, and lean mass, by race or ethnicity among adults in the United States from 2011 to 2018.DesignPopulation based study.SettingNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2011-18.ParticipantsA nationally representative sample of US adults aged 20 years or older.Main outcome measuresWeight, height, and waist circumference among adults aged 20 years or older were measured by trained technicians using standardized protocols. Obesity was defined as body mass index of 30 or higher for non-Asians and 27.5 or higher for Asians. Abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumference of 102 cm or larger for men and 88 cm or larger for women. Body fat percentage and lean mass were measured among adults aged 20-59 years by using dual energy x ray absorptiometry.ResultsThis study included 21 399 adults from NHANES 2011-18. Body mass index was measured for 21 093 adults, waist circumference for 20 080 adults, and body fat percentage for 10 864 adults. For the overall population, age adjusted prevalence of general obesity increased from 35.4% (95% confidence interval 32.5% to 38.3%) in 2011-12 to 43.4% (39.8% to 47.0%) in 2017-18 (P for trend<0.001), and age adjusted prevalence of abdominal obesity increased from 54.5% (51.2% to 57.8%) in 2011-12 to 59.1% (55.6% to 62.7%) in 2017-18 (P for trend=0.02). Age adjusted mean body mass index increased from 28.7 (28.2 to 29.1) in 2011-12 to 29.8 (29.2 to 30.4) in 2017-18 (P for trend=0.001), and age adjusted mean waist circumference increased from 98.4 cm (97.4 to 99.5 cm) in 2011-12 to 100.5 cm (98.9 to 102.1 cm) in 2017-18 (P for trend=0.01). Significant increases were observed in body mass index and waist circumference among the Hispanic, non-Hispanic white, and non-Hispanic Asian groups (all P for trend<0.05), but not for the non-Hispanic black group. For body fat percentage, a significant increase was observed among non-Hispanic Asians (30.6%, 29.8% to 31.4% in 2011-12; 32.7%, 32.0% to 33.4% in 2017-18; P for trend=0.001), but not among other racial or ethnic groups. The age adjusted mean lean mass decreased in the non-Hispanic black group and increased in the non-Hispanic Asian group, but no statistically significant changes were found in other racial or ethnic groups.ConclusionsAmong US adults, an increasing trend was found in obesity and adiposity measures from 2011 to 2018, although disparities exist among racial or ethnic groups.

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