scholarly journals Long-term changes in the ghrelin-CB1R axis associated with the maintenance of lower body weight after sleeve gastrectomy

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. e127-e127 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Fedonidis ◽  
N Alexakis ◽  
X Koliou ◽  
O Asimaki ◽  
E Tsirimonaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Lower Body Weight ◽  
Long Term Changes

scholarly journals A juvenile climbing exercise establishes a muscle memory boosting the effects of exercise in adult rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Einar Eftestoel ◽  
Eisuke Ochi ◽  
Inga Solgaard Juvkam ◽  
Kristian Gundersen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Reward ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Exercise ◽  
Lower Body Weight ◽  
Exercise Period ◽  
Muscle Memory

One of the ideas stemming from the discovery of a cellular memory in muscle cells has been that an early exercise period could induce a long-term muscle memory, boosting the effects of exercise later in life. In general muscles are more plastic in younger animals, so we devised a 5-week climbing exercise scheme with food reward administered to juvenile rats (post-natal week 4-9). The juvenile exercise increased fiber cross-sectional area (fCSA), and boosted nuclear accretion. Subsequently the animals were subjected to 10 weeks of detraining (week 9-19, standard caging). During this period fCSA became similar in the animals that had been climbing compared to Naive controls, but the elevated number of myonuclei induced by the climbing were maintained. When the Naive rats were subjected to two weeks of adult exercise (week 19-21) there was little effect on fCSA, while the previously trained rats displayed an increase of 19%. Similarly, when the rats were subjected to unilateral surgical overload in lieu of the adult climbing exercise, the increase in fCSA was 20% (juvenile climbing group) and 11% (Naive rats) compared to the contralateral leg. This demonstrated that juvenile exercise can establish a muscle memory. The juvenile climbing exercise with food reward led to leaner animals with lower body weight. These differences were to some extent maintained throughout the adult detraining period in spite of all animals being fed ad libitum, indicating a form of body weight memory.

The effect of lower body weight support on arterial wave reflection in healthy adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 388-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atif Afzal ◽  
Daniel Fung ◽  
Sean Galligan ◽  
Ellen M. Godwin ◽  
John G. Kral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wave Reflection ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Body Weight Support ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Weight Support ◽  
Lower Body Weight ◽  
Arterial Wave Reflection

Long-term changes in body weight, BMI, and adiposity rebound among children and adolescents in the Czech republic

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vignerová ◽  
L. Humeníkova ◽  
M. Brabec ◽  
J. Riedlová ◽  
P. Bláha
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Adiposity Rebound ◽  
Long Term Changes

scholarly journals Fryl deficiency is associated with defective kidney development and function in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 243 (5) ◽  
pp. 408-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Sub Byun ◽  
Eun-Kyoung Kim ◽  
Kimi Araki ◽  
Ken-ichi Yamamura ◽  
Kihoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Mouse Line ◽  
Lower Body Weight ◽  
Gene Functions ◽  
Convoluted Tubules

FRY like transcription coactivator ( Fryl) gene located on chromosome 5 is a paralog of FRY microtubule binding protein ( Fry) in vertebrates. It encodes a protein with unknown functions. Fryl gene is conserved in various species ranging from eukaryotes to human. Although there are several reports on functions of Fry gene, functions of Fryl gene remain unclear. A mouse line containing null mutation in Fryl gene by gene trapping was produced in this study for the first time. The survival and growth of Fryl−/− mice were observed. Fryl gene expression levels in mouse tissues were determined and histopathologic analyses were conducted. Most Fryl−/− mice died soon after birth. Rare Fryl−/− survivors showed growth retardation with significantly lower body weight compared to their littermate controls. Although they could breed, more than half of Fryl−/− survivors died of hydronephrosis before age 1. No abnormal histopathologic lesion was apparent in full-term embryo or adult tissues except the kidney. Abnormal lining cell layer detachments from walls of collecting and convoluted tubules in kidneys were apparent in Fryl−/− neonates and full-term embryos. Fryl gene was expressed in renal tubular tissues including the glomeruli and convoluted and collecting tubules. This indicates that defects in tubular systems are associated with Fryl functions and death of Fryl−/− neonates. Fryl protein is required for normal development and functional maintenance of kidney in mice. This is the first report of in vivo Fryl gene functions. Impact statement FRY like transcription coactivator ( Fryl) gene is conserved in various species ranging from eukaryotes to human. It expresses a protein with unknown function. We generated a Fryl gene mutant mouse line and found that most homozygous mice died soon after their birth. Rare Fryl−/− survivors showed growth retardation with significantly lower body weight compared to their littermate controls. Although they could breed, more than half of Fryl−/− survivors died of hydronephrosis before age 1. Full-term mutant embryos showed abnormal collecting and convoluted tubules in kidneys where Fryl gene was expressed. Collectively, these results indicate that Fryl protein is required for normal development and functional maintenance of kidney in mice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on in vivo Fryl gene functions.

scholarly journals Fish and marine fatty acids intakes, theFADSgenotypes and long-term weight gain: a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e022877
Author(s):  
Tao Huang ◽  
Tiange Wang ◽  
Yoriko Heianza ◽  
Janey Wiggs ◽  
Dianjianyi Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Fish Intake ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Long Chain

ObjectiveWe tested whether genetic variants near fatty acid desaturases gene (FADS) cluster, which were recently identified to be signatures of adaptation to fish-rich and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)-rich diet, interacted with these dietary factors on change in body mass index (BMI).DesignThreeFADSvariants were examined for gene-diet interactions on long-term (~10 years) changes in BMI and body weight in four prospective cohort studies.SettingPopulation based study.Participants11 323 women from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS), 6833 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) and replicated in 6254 women from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) and 5 264 Chinese from the Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS).Main outcomesLong-term (~10 years) changes in BMI and body weight.ResultsIn the NHS and HPFS cohorts, food-sourced n-3 PUFAs intake showed interactions with theFADSrs174570 on changes of BMI (P for interaction=0.02 in NHS, 0.05 in HPFS and 0.007 in combined). Such interactions were replicated in two independent cohorts WHI and SCHS (P for interaction=0.04 in WHI, 0.02 in SCHS and 0.001 in combined). The genetic associations of theFADSrs174570 with changes in BMI increased across the tertiles of n-3 PUFAs in all the cohorts. Fish intake also accentuated the genetic associations of theFADSrs174570 with long-term changes in BMI (pooled P for interaction=0.006). Viewed differently, long chain n-3 PUFAs intake showed stronger association with long-term changes in BMI among the rs174570 T carriers (beta=0.79 kg/m2per g, p=3×10−5) than the rs174570 non-T carriers (beta=0.16 kg/m2per g, p=0.08). Similar results were observed for fish intake.ConclusionsOur hypothesis-driven analyses provide replicable evidence that long chain n-3 PUFAs and fish intakes may interact with theFADSvariant on long-term weight gain. Further investigation is needed to confirm our findings in other cohorts.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF CALCIUM ANTAGONIST ISRADIPINE ON THE PREGNANCY AND OFFSPRING OF RATS

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G. VILELA-GOULART ◽  
W.P. BASTOS-RAMOS ◽  
M.N.G. MANCINI
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Male Quality ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Calcium Blockers ◽  
Dental Eruption ◽  
Lower Body Weight ◽  
Drug Influence

Os bloqueadores de cálcio são utilizados em doenças cardiovasculares, usualmente em tratamentos de longa duração e ocasionalmente em mulheres grávidas. A isradipina é uma importante droga antihipertensiva, considerada segura na gravidez e sem efeitos teratogênicos. Neste estudo foram estudados, em ratos Wistar, os efeitos da isradipina sobre a implantação uterina, reabsorção fetal e sobre os níveis plasmáticos de cálcio, fosfato e proteínas totais. Foram utilizados 32 fêmeas e 12 machos com qualidade controlada. A droga foi administrada na água de beber durante 56 dias, sendo 35 antes do acasalamento e 21 durante a prenhêz. Em um grupo, foi realizada operação cesareana ao 20º / dia de gestação e em outro, os ratos nasceram de parto natural e foram observados durante 30 dias, com manutenção da administração de isradipina. Por ocasião da cesareana foram obtidas amostras de sangue de mães e filhotes, para determinação de cálcio, fosfato e proteínas totais plasmáticas. Para observar a influência da droga no / tratamento prolongado sobre os ossos, a mineralização do fêmur das mães foi avaliada. Os resultados mostraram que a isradipina estimulou a implantação uterina porém aumentou a reabsorção fetal. Nenhum efeito teratogênico foi observado, entretanto ocorreu diminuição significativa do peso dos filhotes. Os níveis plasmãticos de cálcio, fosfato e proteínas totais não foram alterados pela droga. O período da erupção dental não foi alterado nos filhotes nascidos de mães tratadas. Abstract Calcium blockers are used in cardiovascular diseases, usually in long term treatments and sometimes in pregnant women. Isradipine is an important antihypertensive drug, considered to be safe in pregnancy. In this study, the effects of isradipine were evaluated regarding to the uterine implantation, fetal reabsorption, plasmatic levels of calcium, phosphate and total protein of mother and offspring. Thirty-two female and 12 male quality-controlled Wistar rats were used. The drug was administered in drinking water for 56 days: 35 days before mating and 21 days along the pregnancy. In one group, caesarean surgery was performed on the 20th//day and in the other, isradipine treatment continued for the naturally born rats, which were observed along 30 days. During the caesarean, blood samples of mothers and newborns were taken and plasmatic / levels of calcium, phosphate and total proteins determined. To observe the drug influence on the bones, femur mineralization of mothers was evaluated. Results showed that isradipine stimulated uterine implantation; however, it increased the fetal reabsorption. No teratogenic effect was observed but newborns displayed a lower body weight. Plasmatic levels of calcium, phosphate and total proteins were not influenced by the drug. Dental eruption was not disturbed in the offspring born from the treated mothers.

Prevalence and predictors of postoperative peritoneal dialysis in infants

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 476-481
Author(s):  
Michael Caesario ◽  
Dicky Fakhri ◽  
Pribadi Wiranda Busro ◽  
Salomo Purba ◽  
Liza Fitria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Risk Adjustment ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Congenital Heart Surgery ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass Time ◽  
Lower Body Weight ◽  
Younger Age

Background Data regarding predictors of the eventual need for postoperative peritoneal dialysis in infants undergoing open heart surgery is still limited. We aimed to determine whether prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time, surgical complexity classified according to Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery category, younger age, and lower body weight increase the probability of requiring postoperative peritoneal dialysis. Methods We retrospectively analyzed data of 181 infants who underwent open heart surgery at our institution from January 1 to December 31, 2018. Cardiopulmonary bypass time, Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery category, age, body weight, and the need for postoperative peritoneal dialysis were recorded and analyzed. Results Thirteen (7.2%) of the 181 patients required postoperative peritoneal dialysis. This group was found to have a longer cardiopulmonary bypass time, younger age, and lower body weight. Longer cardiopulmonary bypass time ( p = 0.001), higher Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery category ( p = 0.018), younger age ( p < 0.001), and lower body weight ( p < 0.001) significantly increased the risk of postoperative peritoneal dialysis. Conclusion Longer cardiopulmonary bypass time, more complex surgery, younger age, and lower body weight increase the probability of requiring postoperative peritoneal dialysis in infants undergoing open heart surgery.

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