scholarly journals Branch management: mechanisms of axon branching in the developing vertebrate CNS

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Kalil ◽  
Erik W. Dent
Keyword(s):  
Axon Branching ◽  
Branch Management

scholarly journals MFF-dependent mitochondrial fission regulates presynaptic release and axon branching by limiting axonal mitochondria size

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommy L. Lewis ◽  
Seok-Kyu Kwon ◽  
Annie Lee ◽  
Reuben Shaw ◽  
Franck Polleux
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Fission ◽  
Axon Branching ◽  
Presynaptic Release

scholarly journals Cytoskeleton and Membrane Organization at Axon Branches

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Bodakuntla ◽  
Hana Nedozralova ◽  
Nirakar Basnet ◽  
Naoko Mizuno
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Network Formation ◽  
Local System ◽  
Membrane Remodeling ◽  
Axon Branching ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Branch Formation ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Critical Process

Axon branching is a critical process ensuring a high degree of interconnectivity for neural network formation. As branching occurs at sites distant from the soma, it is necessary that axons have a local system to dynamically control and regulate axonal growth. This machinery depends on the orchestration of cellular functions such as cytoskeleton, subcellular transport, energy production, protein- and membrane synthesis that are adapted for branch formation. Compared to the axon shaft, branching sites show a distinct and dynamic arrangement of cytoskeleton components, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. This review discusses the regulation of axon branching in the context of cytoskeleton and membrane remodeling.

scholarly journals Terminal Axon Branching Is Regulated by the LKB1-NUAK1 Kinase Pathway via Presynaptic Mitochondrial Capture

Cell ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 153 (7) ◽  
pp. 1510-1525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Courchet ◽  
Tommy L. Lewis ◽  
Sohyon Lee ◽  
Virginie Courchet ◽  
Deng-Yuan Liou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axon Branching ◽  
Terminal Axon ◽  
Kinase Pathway

Regulation of Axon Branching

2007 ◽  
pp. 253-281
Author(s):  
Katherine Kalil ◽  
Erik W. Dent ◽  
Fangjun Tang
Keyword(s):  
Axon Branching

scholarly journals A novel Netrin-1–sensitive mechanism promotes local SNARE-mediated exocytosis during axon branching

2014 ◽  
Vol 205 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cortney C. Winkle ◽  
Leslie M. McClain ◽  
Juli G. Valtschanoff ◽  
Charles S. Park ◽  
Christopher Maglione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Vesicle Fusion ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Axon Branching ◽  
Spatial Regulation ◽  
Novel Model

Developmental axon branching dramatically increases synaptic capacity and neuronal surface area. Netrin-1 promotes branching and synaptogenesis, but the mechanism by which Netrin-1 stimulates plasma membrane expansion is unknown. We demonstrate that SNARE-mediated exocytosis is a prerequisite for axon branching and identify the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM9 as a critical catalytic link between Netrin-1 and exocytic SNARE machinery in murine cortical neurons. TRIM9 ligase activity promotes SNARE-mediated vesicle fusion and axon branching in a Netrin-dependent manner. We identified a direct interaction between TRIM9 and the Netrin-1 receptor DCC as well as a Netrin-1–sensitive interaction between TRIM9 and the SNARE component SNAP25. The interaction with SNAP25 negatively regulates SNARE-mediated exocytosis and axon branching in the absence of Netrin-1. Deletion of TRIM9 elevated exocytosis in vitro and increased axon branching in vitro and in vivo. Our data provide a novel model for the spatial regulation of axon branching by Netrin-1, in which localized plasma membrane expansion occurs via TRIM9-dependent regulation of SNARE-mediated vesicle fusion.

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