scholarly journals Gene duplicate holds back its sister

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 593-593
Author(s):  
Louisa Flintoft
Keyword(s):  
Gene Duplicate

scholarly journals Transcriptional Rewiring of the Sex Determining dmrt1 Gene Duplicate by Transposable Elements

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e1000844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaury Herpin ◽  
Ingo Braasch ◽  
Michael Kraeussling ◽  
Cornelia Schmidt ◽  
Eva C. Thoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transposable Elements ◽  
Dmrt1 Gene ◽  
Transcriptional Rewiring ◽  
Gene Duplicate

scholarly journals Evolution of Three Parent Genes and Their Retrogene Copies in Drosophila Species

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan S. O'Neill ◽  
Denise V. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Negative Selection ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Regulatory Sequences ◽  
Sequence Evolution ◽  
Coding Sequences ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Gene Pairs ◽  
The Family ◽  
Gene Duplicate

Retrogenes form a class of gene duplicate lacking the regulatory sequences found outside of the mRNA-coding regions of the parent gene. It is not clear how a retrogene’s lack of parental regulatory sequences affects the evolution of the gene pair. To explore the evolution of parent genes and retrogenes, we investigated three such gene pairs in the family Drosophilidae; in Drosophila melanogaster, these gene pairs are CG8331 and CG4960, CG17734 and CG11825, and Sep2 and Sep5. We investigated the embryonic expression patterns of these gene pairs across multiple Drosophila species. Expression patterns of the parent genes and their single copy orthologs are relatively conserved across species, whether or not a species has a retrogene copy, although there is some variation in CG8331 and CG17734. In contrast, expression patterns of the retrogene orthologs have diversified. We used the genome sequences of 20 Drosophila species to investigate coding sequence evolution. The coding sequences of the three gene pairs appear to be evolving predominantly under negative selection; however, the parent genes and retrogenes show some distinct differences in amino acid sequence. Therefore, in general, retrogene expression patterns and coding sequences are distinct compared to their parents and, in some cases, retrogene expression patterns diversify.

The Probability of Preservation of a Newly Arisen Gene Duplicate

Genetics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 159 (4) ◽  
pp. 1789-1804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lynch ◽  
Martin O'Hely ◽  
Bruce Walsh ◽  
Allan Force
Keyword(s):  
Gene Duplication ◽  
Duplicate Gene ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Active Selection ◽  
Permanent Establishment ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Differential Expansion ◽  
Gene Duplicate

AbstractNewly emerging data from genome sequencing projects suggest that gene duplication, often accompanied by genetic map changes, is a common and ongoing feature of all genomes. This raises the possibility that differential expansion/contraction of various genomic sequences may be just as important a mechanism of phenotypic evolution as changes at the nucleotide level. However, the population-genetic mechanisms responsible for the success vs. failure of newly arisen gene duplicates are poorly understood. We examine the influence of various aspects of gene structure, mutation rates, degree of linkage, and population size (N) on the joint fate of a newly arisen duplicate gene and its ancestral locus. Unless there is active selection against duplicate genes, the probability of permanent establishment of such genes is usually no less than 1/(4N) (half of the neutral expectation), and it can be orders of magnitude greater if neofunctionalizing mutations are common. The probability of a map change (reassignment of a key function of an ancestral locus to a new chromosomal location) induced by a newly arisen duplicate is also generally >1/(4N) for unlinked duplicates, suggesting that recurrent gene duplication and alternative silencing may be a common mechanism for generating microchromosomal rearrangements responsible for postreproductive isolating barriers among species. Relative to subfunctionalization, neofunctionalization is expected to become a progressively more important mechanism of duplicate-gene preservation in populations with increasing size. However, even in large populations, the probability of neofunctionalization scales only with the square of the selective advantage. Tight linkage also influences the probability of duplicate-gene preservation, increasing the probability of subfunctionalization but decreasing the probability of neofunctionalization.

scholarly journals Genomic signatures of globally enhanced gene duplicate accumulation in the megadiverse higher Diptera fueling intralocus sexual conflict resolution

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10012
Author(s):  
Riyue Bao ◽  
Markus Friedrich
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Gene Duplication ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Background Rate ◽  
Intralocus Sexual Conflict ◽  
Evolutionary Innovation ◽  
Gene Duplicate

Gene duplication is an important source of evolutionary innovation. To explore the relative impact of gene duplication during the diversification of major insect model system lineages, we performed a comparative analysis of lineage-specific gene duplications in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Brachycera), the mosquito Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicomorpha), the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera), and the honeybee Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera). Focusing on close to 6,000 insect core gene families containing maximally six paralogs, we detected a conspicuously higher number of lineage-specific duplications in Drosophila (689) compared to Anopheles (315), Tribolium (386), and Apis (223). Based on analyses of sequence divergence, phylogenetic distribution, and gene ontology information, we present evidence that an increased background rate of gene duplicate accumulation played an exceptional role during the diversification of the higher Diptera (Brachycera), in part by providing enriched opportunities for intralocus sexual conflict resolution, which may have boosted speciation rates during the early radiation of the megadiverse brachyceran subclade Schizophora.

scholarly journals Deeply conserved chordate noncoding sequences preserve genome synteny but do not drive gene duplicate retention

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 2036-2051 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Hufton ◽  
S. Mathia ◽  
H. Braun ◽  
U. Georgi ◽  
H. Lehrach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noncoding Sequences ◽  
Genome Synteny ◽  
Drive Gene ◽  
Gene Duplicate
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