scholarly journals Correction: MicroRNAs: small RNAs with a big role in gene regulation

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 631-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin He ◽  
Gregory J Hannon
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Small Rnas

scholarly journals Coupled Transcription-Translation in Prokaryotes: An Old Couple With New Surprises

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikel Irastortza-Olaziregi ◽  
Orna Amster-Choder
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
Rna Localization ◽  
Molecular Architecture ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
New Information ◽  
Shed Light

Coupled transcription-translation (CTT) is a hallmark of prokaryotic gene expression. CTT occurs when ribosomes associate with and initiate translation of mRNAs whose transcription has not yet concluded, therefore forming “RNAP.mRNA.ribosome” complexes. CTT is a well-documented phenomenon that is involved in important gene regulation processes, such as attenuation and operon polarity. Despite the progress in our understanding of the cellular signals that coordinate CTT, certain aspects of its molecular architecture remain controversial. Additionally, new information on the spatial segregation between the transcriptional and the translational machineries in certain species, and on the capability of certain mRNAs to localize translation-independently, questions the unanimous occurrence of CTT. Furthermore, studies where transcription and translation were artificially uncoupled showed that transcription elongation can proceed in a translation-independent manner. Here, we review studies supporting the occurrence of CTT and findings questioning its extent, as well as discuss mechanisms that may explain both coupling and uncoupling, e.g., chromosome relocation and the involvement of cis- or trans-acting elements, such as small RNAs and RNA-binding proteins. These mechanisms impact RNA localization, stability, and translation. Understanding the two options by which genes can be expressed and their consequences should shed light on a new layer of control of bacterial transcripts fate.

scholarly journals Stochastic Modeling of Gene Regulation by Noncoding Small RNAs in the Strong Interaction Limit

2018 ◽  
Vol 114 (11) ◽  
pp. 2530-2539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niraj Kumar ◽  
Kourosh Zarringhalam ◽  
Rahul V. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Stochastic Modeling ◽  
Strong Interaction ◽  
Small Rnas

Prokaryotic Gene Regulation by Small RNAs

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Murphy ◽  
William Broach ◽  
Andrew B. Kouse
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Small Rnas

scholarly journals Salient Genetic Notes on Small-RNAs and their Applications in Agricultural Biotechnology

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Samuel Amiteye
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Small Interfering Rna ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Interfering Rna

Small-RNAs are 20 to 27 nucleotides long non-protein-coding RNAs that act on either DNA or RNA to effect the regulation of gene expression. Small-RNAs are key in genetic and epigenetic regulation of diverse biological processes and pathways in response to biotic and abiotic environmental stresses. The gene regulatory functions of small-RNA molecules enhance healthy plant growth and normal development by controlling biological processes such as flowering programming, fruit development, disease and pests resistance. Small-RNAs comprise mainly microRNA and small interfering RNA species. MicroRNAs have been proven to primarily engage in posttranscriptional gene regulation while small interfering RNA have been implicated mainly in transcriptional gene regulation. This review covers the recent advancements in small-RNA research in plants, with emphasis on particularly microRNAs and small interfering RNA biogenesis, biological functions and their relevance in the regulation of traits of agronomic importance in plants. Also discussed extensively is the potential biotechnological applications of these small-RNAs for crop improvement.

Regulating Gene Regulation: Patenting Small RNAs

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Bostanci ◽  
Jane Calvert ◽  
Pierre-Benoit Joly
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Small Rnas

Prokaryotic Gene Regulation by Small RNAs

2018 ◽  
pp. 995-1000
Author(s):  
Erin Murphy ◽  
William Broach ◽  
Andrew B. Kouse
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Small Rnas

scholarly journals Transfection of small RNAs globally perturbs gene regulation by endogenous microRNAs

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 549-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aly A Khan ◽  
Doron Betel ◽  
Martin L Miller ◽  
Chris Sander ◽  
Christina S Leslie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Small Rnas

Discovery of novel small RNAs in the quest to unravel genome complexity

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 866-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam E. Hall ◽  
Tamas Dalmay
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Genome Complexity ◽  
Sequencing Bias ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

The different RNA populations within the cell, or the ‘RNAome’, form a complex and integral layer of gene regulation. In particular, small non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs have been shown to regulate as much as half of all genes expressed in mammals. The recent discovery of novel small RNAs derived from tRNAs, snoRNAs and Y RNAs, as well as the development of techniques that can reduce sequencing bias of these molecules, is slowly helping us to unveil the secrets of the genome.

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