scholarly journals Functional thyroid gland grown in vitro offers intriguing therapeutic possibility

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 693-693
Author(s):  
Fiona Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Therapeutic Possibility

DER EINFLUSS VON RESERPIN AUF DIE ANTITHYREOIDALE WIRKUNG VON KALIUMPERCHLORAT

1962 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-430
Author(s):  
H. L. Krüskemper ◽  
F. J. Kessler ◽  
E. Steinkrüger
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Tissue Respiration ◽  
List Type ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT 1. Reserpine does not inhibit the tissue respiration of liver in normal male rats (in vitro). 2. The decrease of tissue respiration of the liver with simultaneous morphological stimulation of the thyroid gland after long administration of reserpine is due to a minute inhibition of the hormone synthesis in the thyroid gland. 3. The morphological alterations of the thyroid in experimental hypothyroidism due to perchlorate can not be prevented with reserpine.

INHIBITION OF THYROGLOBULIN BIOSYNTHESIS AND DEGRADATION BY EXCESS IODIDE. SYNERGISM WITH LITHIUM

1976 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Radvila ◽  
R. Roost ◽  
H. Bürgi ◽  
H. Kohler ◽  
H. Studer
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Inhibit Protein Synthesis ◽  
Thyrotrophic Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Excess Iodide ◽  
Kidney Liver

ABSTRACT Lithium and excess iodide inhibit the release of thyroid hormone from preformed stores. We thus tested the hypothesis that this was due to an inhibition of thyroglobulin breakdown. Rats were pre-treated with propylthiouracil (PTU) for 3 weeks in order to deplete their thyroids of thyroglobulin. While the PTU was continued, lithium chloride (0.25 mEq./100 g weight) or potassium iodide (3 mg per rat) were injected every 12 h for 3 days. Thereafter the thyroglobulin content in thyroid gland homogenates was measured. PTU pre-treatment lowered the thyroglobulin content from 4.21 to 0.22 mg/100 mg gland. Lithium caused a marked re-accumulation of thyroglobulin to 0.60 mg/100 mg within 3 days. While iodide alone had only a borderline effect, it markedly potentiated the action of lithium and a combination of the two drugs increased the thyroglobulin content to 1.04 mg/100 mg. Thyroxine was injected into similarly pre-treated animals to suppress secretion of thyrotrophic hormone. This markedly inhibited the proteolysis of thyroglobulin and 1.3 mg/100 mg gland accumulated after 3 days. Excess iodide, given in addition to thyroxine, decreased the amount of thyroglobulin accumulated to 0.75 mg/100 mg gland. To study whether this could be explained by an inhibitory action of iodide on thyroglobulin biosynthesis, thyroid glands from animals treated with excess iodide were incubated in vitro in the presence of 0.2 mm iodide for 3 h. Iodide decreased the incorporation of radioactive leucine into total thyroidal protein and into thyroglobulin by 25 and 35 % respectively. Iodide did not inhibit protein synthesis in the kidney, liver or muscle tissue. Thus, large doses of iodide selectively inhibit thyroglobulin biosynthesis.

Human thyroid gland releases interleukin-6(IL-6) in vitro

1994 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 494
Author(s):  
Y. Hirooka ◽  
T. Mitsuma ◽  
T. Nogimori ◽  
T. Naruse ◽  
A. Koike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Human Thyroid

scholarly journals Ultrastructure of blebbing and phagocytosis of blebs by hyperplastic thyroid epithelial cells in vivo.

1977 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 584-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
J D Zeligs ◽  
S H Wollman
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Organization ◽  
Contractile Ring ◽  
Phagocytic Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Rat Thyroid

In addition to pseudopods, somewhat pleomorphic blebs were consistently found protruding from the apical surfaces of hyperplastic rat thyroid epithelial cells into the follicular lumens in vivo. Many blebs were knobby, roughly hemispherical protrusions, with a diameter of 2-3 mum. Such blebs had a densely packed microfilamentous core and contained numerous apparent ribosomes. They were morphologically similar to blebs that have been observed in a variety of cultured cells. Other blebs were larger, more elongate, and less knobby, but had a similar ultrastructural organization. Blebs of all sizes appeared to be phagocytosed on some occasions by nearby epithelial cells. The phagocytic process involved partial engulfment of the bleb by a typical epithelial pseudopod, followed by an apparent pinching-off process, presumably resulting in the separation of the bleb from its cells or origin. The pinching-off process was associated with a band of approx. 6-nm diameter microfilaments that developed within the pseudopod cytoplasm surrounding the base of the bleb and is postulated to function as a contractile ring. The finding of blebbing is an intact tissue in vivo indicates that this phenomenon is not restricted to cultured cells, and thus tends to extend the significance of in vitro observations of the process. In relation to their occurrence in the hyperplastic thyroid gland in vivo, possible interconversions are considered between different types of blebs, and between blebs and pseudopods.

The presence and in vitro activity of free lodinated peptides in the thyroid gland of mammals and man

1961 ◽  
Vol 1 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 519-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Lissitzky ◽  
Jean Gregoire ◽  
Jana Gregoire ◽  
Nicole Limozin
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity

THE ACTION OF DIBUTYRYL CYCLIC 3′,5′-ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE ON THE MOUSE THYROID GLAND IN VITRO

1970 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAT KENDALL-TAYLOR ◽  
D. S. MUNRO
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
In Vitro Assay ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Mouse Thyroid

SUMMARY The effects of dibutyryl cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (DBc-AMP) on the mouse thyroid gland have been investigated in the in-vitro assay of Brown & Munro (1967). The distribution of 131I-labelled compounds in the glands and the supporting medium have been analysed by thin-layer chromatography and the changes induced by cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (c-AMP), DBc-AMP or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) compared. The release of 131I was increased when the glands were incubated with DBc-AMP, c-AMP or TSH. The potency of DBc-AMP was approximately 50 times that of c-AMP on a basis of molarity. Like TSH, DBc-AMP increased the proportion of iodothyronines in the system as a whole, whereas c-AMP had little effect. The possible explanations for this are discussed.

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