scholarly journals Progressive Decline in Hippocampal CA1 Volume in Individuals at Ultra-High-Risk for Psychosis Who Do Not Remit: Findings from the Longitudinal Youth at Risk Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1361-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
New Fei Ho ◽  
Daphne J Holt ◽  
Mike Cheung ◽  
Juan Eugenio Iglesias ◽  
Alex Goh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
Hippocampal Ca1 ◽  
Ultra High Risk ◽  
Youth At Risk

scholarly journals Correction: Progressive decline in hippocampal CA1 volume in individuals at ultra-high-risk for psychosis who do not remit: findings from the longitudinal youth at risk study

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 2144-2144 ◽  
Author(s):  
New Fei Ho ◽  
Daphne J. Holt ◽  
Mike Cheung ◽  
Juan Eugenio Iglesias ◽  
Alex Goh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
Hippocampal Ca1 ◽  
Ultra High Risk ◽  
Youth At Risk

Impact of psychiatric comorbidity in individuals at Ultra High Risk of psychosis — Findings from the Longitudinal Youth at Risk Study (LYRIKS)

2015 ◽  
Vol 164 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette Lim ◽  
Gurpreet Rekhi ◽  
Attilio Rapisarda ◽  
Max Lam ◽  
Michael Kraus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Ultra High Risk ◽  
Youth At Risk

Peripheral levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in youths in ultra-high risk for psychosis: a pilot study

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. 333-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maiara Zeni-Graiff ◽  
Adiel C. Rios ◽  
Pawan K. Maurya ◽  
Lucas B. Rizzo ◽  
Sumit Sethi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Healthy Control Group ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ultra High Risk ◽  
Healthy Control

IntroductionOxidative stress has been documented in chronic schizophrenia and in the first episode of psychosis, but there are very little data on oxidative stress prior to the disease onset.ObjectiveThis work aimed to compare serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in young individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) of developing psychosis with a comparison healthy control group (HC).MethodsThirteen UHR subjects and 29 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study. Clinical assessment included the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS), the Semi-Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis-I (SCID-I) or the Kiddie-SADS-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL), and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale. Activities of SOD and GPx were measured in serum by the spectrophotometric method using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.ResultsAfter adjusting for age and years of education, there was a significant lower activity of SOD and lower GPX activity in the UHR group compared to the healthy control group (rate ratio [RR]=0.330, 95% CI 0.187; 0.584, p<0.001 and RR=0.509, 95% CI 0.323; 0.803, p=0.004, respectively). There were also positive correlations between GAF functioning scores and GPx and SOD activities.ConclusionOur results suggest that oxidative imbalances could be present prior to the onset of full-blown psychosis, including in at-risk stages. Future studies should replicate and expand these results.

scholarly journals The reality of at risk mental state services: a response to recent criticisms

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison R. Yung ◽  
Stephen J. Wood ◽  
Ashok Malla ◽  
Barnaby Nelson ◽  
Patrick McGorry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Ultra High Risk ◽  
Psychological Medicine ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
At Risk Mental State

AbstractBackgroundIn the 1990s criteria were developed to detect individuals at high and imminent risk of developing a psychotic disorder. These are known as the at risk mental state, ultra high risk or clinical high risk criteria. Individuals meeting these criteria are symptomatic and help-seeking. Services for such individuals are now found worldwide. Recently Psychological Medicine published two articles that criticise these services and suggest that they should be dismantled or restructured. One paper also provides recommendations on how ARMS services should be operate.MethodsIn this paper we draw on the existing literature in the field and present the perspective of some ARMS clinicians and researchers.ResultsMany of the critics' arguments are refuted. Most of the recommendations included in the Moritz et al. paper are already occurring.ConclusionsARMS services provide management of current problems, treatment to reduce risk of onset of psychotic disorder and monitoring of mental state, including attenuated psychotic symptoms. These symptoms are associated with a range of poor outcomes. It is important to assess them and track their trajectory over time. A new approach to detection of ARMS individuals can be considered that harnesses broad youth mental health services, such as headspace in Australia, Jigsaw in Ireland and ACCESS Open Minds in Canada. Attention should also be paid to the physical health of ARMS individuals. Far from needing to be dismantled we feel that the ARMS approach has much to offer to improve the health of young people.

Adolescents at ultra-high risk for psychosis: Long-term outcome of individuals who recover from their at-risk state

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 865-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. de Wit ◽  
P.F. Schothorst ◽  
B. Oranje ◽  
T.B. Ziermans ◽  
S. Durston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Ultra High Risk

Antipsychotics in adolescents at ultra-high risk of psychosis: Findings from the “Reggio Emilia At-Risk Mental States” project

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. S99-S100
Author(s):  
G. Galli ◽  
L. Pelizza ◽  
M. Poletti ◽  
S. Azzali ◽  
F. Paterlini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Reggio Emilia ◽  
Ultra High Risk ◽  
At Risk Mental States

scholarly journals Superior temporal gyrus volume in antipsychotic-naive people at risk of psychosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 196 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Takahashi ◽  
Stephen J. Wood ◽  
Alison R. Yung ◽  
Mark Walterfang ◽  
Lisa J. Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Planum Temporale ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Morphological Abnormalities ◽  
Ultra High Risk

BackgroundMorphological abnormalities of the superior temporal gyrus have been consistently reported in schizophrenia, but the timing of their occurrence remains unclear.AimsTo determine whether individuals exhibit superior temporal gyral changes before the onset of psychosis.MethodWe used magnetic resonance imaging to examine grey matter volumes of the superior temporal gyrus and its subregions (planum polare, Heschl's gyrus, planum temporale, and rostral and caudal regions) in 97 antipsychotic-naive individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis, of whom 31 subsequently developed psychosis and 66 did not, and 42 controls.ResultsThose at risk of psychosis had significantly smaller superior temporal gyri at baseline compared with controls bilaterally, without any prominent subregional effect; however, there was no difference between those who did and did not subsequently develop psychosis.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that grey matter reductions of the superior temporal gyrus are present before psychosis onset, and are not due to medication, but these baseline changes are not predictive of transition to psychosis.

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