scholarly journals Differential Effects of the Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist Almorexant and the GABAA-α1 Receptor Modulator Zolpidem, Alone or Combined with Ethanol, on Motor Performance in the Rat

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 848-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel A Steiner ◽  
Hugues Lecourt ◽  
Daniel S Strasser ◽  
Catherine Brisbare-Roch ◽  
François Jenck
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Receptor Modulator

Differential effects of atropine and a cholecystokinin receptor antagonist on pancreatic secretion

1989 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 1158-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Adler ◽  
Max Reinshagen ◽  
Irmtraut Koop ◽  
Burkhard Göke ◽  
Anton Schafmayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Pancreatic Secretion ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Cholecystokinin Receptor

scholarly journals Acute cognitive effects of the hypocretin receptor antagonist almorexant relative to zolpidem and placebo: a randomized clinical trial

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas C Neylan ◽  
Anne Richards ◽  
Thomas J Metzler ◽  
Leslie M Ruoff ◽  
Jonathan Varbel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Benzodiazepine Receptor ◽  
Impaired Performance ◽  
Receptor Modulator ◽  
Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonist

Abstract Study Objectives Hypnotic medications can adversely affect behavior during unanticipated awakenings during the night. Animals treated with the hypocretin (Hcrt) receptor antagonist almorexant (ALM) have less acute cognitive impairment compared to the GABAA receptor modulator zolpidem (ZOL). This study aimed to determine whether ALM produces less acute cognitive impairment than ZOL in human subjects. Methods Healthy, young adult, unmedicated male and female subjects participated in a controlled trial of a single dose of ALM 100 mg (N = 48), ALM 200 mg (N = 53), ZOL 10 mg (N = 49), and placebo (PBO, N = 52). Results ZOL and both doses of ALM produced similar levels of subjective sleepiness and impaired the ability of subjects to remain awake in a dark, low-stimulus setting relative to PBO. For most cognitive measures, performance under ZOL was significantly worse than ALM or PBO. For tasks involving verbal memory or visual-motor coordination, ZOL impaired performance, whereas the two doses of ALM were no different than PBO. For tasks involving higher-order executive function, ZOL produced impairment in processing speed and inhibitory control, whereas the two doses of ALM were no different than PBO. Performance decrements for ALM were less than ZOL but greater than PBO for some reaction time measures. Conclusions The data provide support for the hypothesis that Hcrt receptor antagonists produce less functional impairment than a benzodiazepine receptor agonist (BzRA). These observations are particularly relevant to patients treated with sedative-hypnotics who are at elevated risk for falls and other untoward events during the intended hours for sleep.

Effect of Mental Rehearsal with Part and Whole Demonstration Models on Acquisition of Backstroke Swimming Skills

1982 ◽  
Vol 54 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1067-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuaki Yamamoto ◽  
Kimihiro Inomata
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Image Formation ◽  
Physical Practice ◽  
General Motor ◽  
Mental Rehearsal ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Part Model

36 undergraduates were randomly divided into three groups: (1) mental rehearsal with a whole model demonstration, (2) mental rehearsal with a progressive part model demonstration, and (3) controls. Each group participated in a 1-wk. swimming program (140 min. a day) and took 3 tests related to vividness of general motor imagery, swimming imagery, and accuracy of the imagined skill. Dependent variables were speed and distance scores for performance of the backstroke. There were no differential effects of the two demonstrations on motor performance and image formation in the acquisition of skill. Some trends were observed, however. Physical practice as well as mental rehearsal increased vividness and accuracy of imaging the swimming stroke. The effect of mental rehearsal on vividness of imaging a skill was somewhat related to vividness of general motor imagery.

Differential effects of age on motor performance in two mouse strains

1981 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald K. Ingram ◽  
Edythe D. London ◽  
Mark A. Reynolds ◽  
Steven B. Waller ◽  
Charles L. Goodrick
Keyword(s):  
Motor Performance ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Differential Effects

Differential effects of dopaminergic medication on basic motor performance and executive functions in Parkinson's disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 2506-2514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Michely ◽  
Michael T. Barbe ◽  
Felix Hoffstaedter ◽  
Lars Timmermann ◽  
Simon B. Eickhoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Dopaminergic Medication
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