scholarly journals Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Within the Central Nucleus of the Amygdala and the Nucleus Accumbens Shell Mediates the Negative Affective State of Nicotine Withdrawal in Rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1743-1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine A Marcinkiewcz ◽  
Melissa M Prado ◽  
Shani K Isaac ◽  
Alex Marshall ◽  
Daria Rylkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Affective State ◽  
Nicotine Withdrawal ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Central Nucleus ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens Shell ◽  
Negative Affective State

scholarly journals Aqueous Extract of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae Exerts Anxiolytic Effects during Nicotine Withdrawal via Improvement of Amygdaloid CRF/CRF1R Signaling

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhong Gu ◽  
ZhengLin Zhao ◽  
Xiaodong Zhu ◽  
Tong Wu ◽  
Bong Hyo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Nicotine Withdrawal ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Central Nucleus ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Plus Maze

Anxiety during nicotine withdrawal (NicW) is a key risk factor for smoking relapse. Semen Ziziphi Spinosae (SZS), which is a prototypical hypnotic-sedative herb in Oriental medicine, has been clinically used to treat insomnia and general anxiety disorders for thousands of years. Thus, the present study evaluated the effects of the aqueous extract of SZS (AESZS) on NicW-induced anxiety in male rats that received subcutaneous administrations of nicotine (Nic) (0.4 mg/kg, twice a day) for 7 d followed by 4 d of withdrawal. During NicW, the rats received four intragastric treatments of AESZS (60 mg/kg/d or 180 mg/kg/d). AESZS dose-dependently attenuated NicW-induced anxiety-like behaviors in the elevated plus maze (EPM) tests and 180 mg/kg/d AESZS inhibited NicW-induced increases in plasma corticosterone. Additionally, the protein and mRNA expressions of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and CRF type 1 receptor (CRF1R) increased in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) during NicW, but these changes were suppressed by 180 mg/kg/d AESZS. A post-AESZS infusion of CRF into the CeA abolished the attenuation of anxiety by AESZS and 180 mg/kg/d AESZS suppressed NicW-induced increases in norepinephrine and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylglycol levels in the CeA. The present results suggest that AESZS ameliorated NicW-induced anxiety via improvements in CRF/CRF1R and noradrenergic signaling in the CeA.

scholarly journals Inhibition of the Acquisition of Conditioned Place Aversion by Dopaminergic Lesions of the Central Nucleus of the Amygdala in Morphine-Treated Rats

2012 ◽  
pp. 437-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. XU ◽  
Y. H. LI ◽  
B. P. TAN ◽  
X. J. LUO ◽  
L. XIAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dopaminergic System ◽  
Affective State ◽  
Central Nucleus ◽  
Conditioned Place Aversion ◽  
Dopamine System ◽  
Place Aversion ◽  
Opiate Use ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine ◽  
Negative Affective State ◽  
Naloxone Treatment

The negative affective state of opiate abstinence plays an important role in craving and relapse to compulsive drug use. The dopamine system participates in the reward effects of opiate use and the aversive effect of opiate abstinence. The amygdala is an essential neural substrate for associative learning of emotion. To establish a model of conditioned place aversion (CPA) in morphine-treated rats, we used different visual and tactual cues as conditioned stimuli (CS) within a conditioning apparatus. An injection of naloxone served as the unconditioned stimulus (US). The 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion technique was used to investigate the effects of the dopaminergic system of the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) on naloxone-induced CPA. Rats were rendered physically dependent via administration of increasing doses of morphine delivered via intraperitoneal injection. Doses increased by 20 % each day for 14 days, starting from an initial dose of 6 mg/kg. All rats also received a low dose of naloxone (0.1 mg/kg) by injection 4 hours after morphine treatment on days 11 and 13 to induce CPA in a biased two-compartment conditioned place apparatus. Morphine-dependent rats with sham lesions were found to develop significant CPA after naloxone treatment. Bilateral 6-OHDA lesions of the CeA impaired the acquisition of CPA but had no effect on locomotor activity. These results suggest that the dopaminergic system of the CeA plays an important role in the negative affective state of opiate abstinence.

scholarly journals The value of extended amygdala structures in emotive effects of narcogenic with diverse chemical structure

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Roman O. Roik ◽  
Andrei A. Lebedev ◽  
Petr D. Shabanov
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Dopamine Receptors ◽  
Conditioned Reinforcement ◽  
Gaba Receptors ◽  
Sch 23390 ◽  
Central Nucleus ◽  
D1 Receptors ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens Shell ◽  
Bed Nucleus ◽  
Extended Amygdala

Introduction: Studies on the mechanisms of the reinforcing action of opioid and non-opioid narcotics confirmed the existence in the brain of a specialized system named the extended amygdala. Materials and methods: To clarify the value of the extended amygdala structures (bed nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala and nucleus accumbens shell) in the mechanisms of unconditioned and conditioned reinforcement activated by various narcogenic, this paper carried out a neuropharmacological analysis of these effects, using blockade of dopamine receptors, GABA, opioids and CRF receptors within these brain structures, as well as an analysis of behavioral responses by self-stimulation (unconditioned reinforcement) and conditioned place preference (CPP) (conditioned reinforcement). Results and discussion: The central amygdala and the bed nucleus have a controlling influence on the hypothalamus, which is predominantly of CRF-, GABA- and dopaminergic nature. Through D1 dopamine receptors,, a direct positive (activating) effect on the lateral hypothalamus is made. The D2 receptor blockade of the nucleus accumbens prevents narcogenic from exerting the reinforcing properties, which are primarily stimulating. The blockade of the D1 receptors of the nucleus accumbens by SCH-23390 prevents the expression of unconditioned and conditioned reinforcing properties of predominantly opiates and opioids. The blockade of GABAA receptors in the nucleus accumbens with bicuculline prevents the manifestation of the primary and secondary reinforcing properties (CPP) of psychostimulant drugs (amphetamine), without affecting the effects of opiates and opioids (fentanyl and leu-enkephalin). Conclusion: The pharmacological analysis proves that CRF, dopamine and GABA receptors are most important for the correction of reinforcement activated by various narcogenic.

Regulation of ingestion by CRF and bombesin-like peptides: distinct meal-related peptide level changes

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (1) ◽  
pp. R268-R274 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Plamondon ◽  
Z. Merali
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Central Nucleus ◽  
Brain Nuclei ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Hypothalamic Nuclei ◽  
Peptide Level ◽  
Before And After ◽  
First Time

Bombesin (BN) and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) have both been shown to induce satiety in rats when injected centrally. The present study assessed temporal changes in the utilization of BN- and CRF-like peptides in relationship to feeding status, fluctuations that may indicate the physiological participation of these peptides in the regulation of feeding. Alterations in the endogenous levels of CRF- and BN-like peptides associated with the initial spontaneous meal of the nocturnal cycle were determined in 15 hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic brain nuclei in the following three groups of rats: 1) a preprandial group consisting of rats killed before feeding, 2) a prandial group consisting of rats killed during the meal, and 3) a postprandial group consisting of rats killed 8-12 min after the meal. Findings revealed site-specific changes in BN and CRF content during the course of a meal. During ingestion, levels of BN were significantly elevated at the paraventricular, arcuate, and dorsomedial nuclei of the hypothalamus and reduced at the nucleus accumbens. In the case of CRF, feeding-related alterations were observed at the lateral (LH) and ventromedial (VMH) hypothalamic nuclei and at the central nucleus of the amygdala (Ce). At the LH, CRF content decreased after feeding compared with preprandial levels. At the VMH, CRF levels were significantly elevated both before and after food intake compared with prandial levels. In contrast, at the Ce marked increases in CRF concentrations were observed during ingestion. These data demonstrate, for the first time, site-specific fluctuations of BN and CRF in relationship to the animal's feeding status and suggest that these peptides may play a role in the regulation of food intake.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document