scholarly journals Non-equilibrium glass transitions in driven and active matter

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 310-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludovic Berthier ◽  
Jorge Kurchan
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transitions ◽  
Active Matter ◽  
Non Equilibrium

scholarly journals Fluctuation–Dissipation Relations in Active Matter Systems

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Caprini ◽  
Andrea Puglisi ◽  
Alessandro Sarracino
Keyword(s):  
Linear Response ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Active Matter ◽  
Fluctuation Dissipation ◽  
Single Well ◽  
Non Equilibrium

We investigate the non-equilibrium character of self-propelled particles through the study of the linear response of the active Ornstein–Uhlenbeck particle (AOUP) model. We express the linear response in terms of correlations computed in the absence of perturbations, proposing a particularly compact and readable fluctuation–dissipation relation (FDR): such an expression explicitly separates equilibrium and non-equilibrium contributions due to self-propulsion. As a case study, we consider non-interacting AOUP confined in single-well and double-well potentials. In the former case, we also unveil the effect of dimensionality, studying one-, two-, and three-dimensional dynamics. We show that information about the distance from equilibrium can be deduced from the FDR, putting in evidence the roles of position and velocity variables in the non-equilibrium relaxation.

scholarly journals Entropy Production in Field Theories without Time-Reversal Symmetry: Quantifying the Non-Equilibrium Character of Active Matter

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesare Nardini ◽  
Étienne Fodor ◽  
Elsen Tjhung ◽  
Frédéric van Wijland ◽  
Julien Tailleur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entropy Production ◽  
Time Reversal ◽  
Field Theories ◽  
Time Reversal Symmetry ◽  
Active Matter ◽  
Non Equilibrium

scholarly journals Controlling Organization and Forces in Active Matter Through Optically-Defined Boundaries

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler D. Ross ◽  
Heun Jin Lee ◽  
Zijie Qu ◽  
Rachel A. Banks ◽  
Rob Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flows ◽  
Cellular Structures ◽  
Active Matter ◽  
Experimental Systems ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Equilibrium Structures ◽  
Microtubule Networks ◽  
Spatiotemporal Control ◽  
Individual Motor ◽  
Non Equilibrium

AbstractLiving systems are capable of locomotion, reconfiguration, and replication. To perform these tasks, cells spatiotemporally coordinate the interactions of force-generating, “active” molecules that create and manipulate non-equilibrium structures and force fields that span up to millimeter length scales [1–3]. Experimental active matter systems of biological or synthetic molecules are capable of spontaneously organizing into structures [4, 5] and generating global flows [6–9]. However, these experimental systems lack the spatiotemporal control found in cells, limiting their utility for studying non-equilibrium phenomena and bioinspired engineering. Here, we uncover non-equilibrium phenomena and principles by optically controlling structures and fluid flow in an engineered system of active biomolecules. Our engineered system consists of purified microtubules and light-activatable motor proteins that crosslink and organize microtubules into distinct structures upon illumination. We develop basic operations, defined as sets of light patterns, to create, move, and merge microtubule structures. By composing these basic operations, we are able to create microtubule networks that span several hundred microns in length and contract at speeds up to an order of magnitude faster than the speed of an individual motor. We manipulate these contractile networks to generate and sculpt persistent fluid flows. The principles of boundary-mediated control we uncover may be used to study emergent cellular structures and forces and to develop programmable active matter devices.

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