A critical period for right hemisphere recruitment in American Sign Language processing

10.1038/nn775 ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron J. Newman ◽  
Daphne Bavelier ◽  
David Corina ◽  
Peter Jezzard ◽  
Helen J. Neville
Keyword(s):  
American Sign Language ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
American Sign

Mask Region-Based Convolutional Neural Networks (R-CNN) for Sinhala Sign Language to Text Conversion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Rusiru Sewwantha ◽  
T. N. D. S. Ginige
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Object Detection ◽  
American Sign Language ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
American Sign ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Communication Difficulties ◽  
Communication Gap

Sign Language is the use of various gestures and symbols for communication. It is mainly used by disabled people with communication difficulties due to their speech or hearing impediments. Due to the lack of knowledge on sign language, natural language speakers like us, are not able to communicate with such people. As a result, a communication gap is created between sign language users and natural language speakers. It should also be noted that sign language differs from country to country. With American sign language being the most commonly used, in Sri Lanka, we use Sri Lankan/Sinhala sign language. In this research, the authors propose a mobile solution using a Region Based Convolutional Neural Network for object detection to reduce the communication gap between the sign users and language speakers by identifying and interpreting Sinhala sign language to Sinhala text using Natural Language Processing (NLP). The system is able to identify and interpret still gesture signs in real-time using the trained model. The proposed solution uses object detection for the identification of the signs.

scholarly journals Neural Language Processing in Adolescent First-Language Learners: Longitudinal Case Studies in American Sign Language

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 1015-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naja Ferjan Ramirez ◽  
Matthew K. Leonard ◽  
Tristan S. Davenport ◽  
Christina Torres ◽  
Eric Halgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
American Sign Language ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
First Language ◽  
American Sign ◽  
Longitudinal Case Studies

Effects of Rate of Presentation on the Reception of American Sign Language

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 568-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan D. Fischer ◽  
Lorraine A. Delhorne ◽  
Charlotte M. Reed
Keyword(s):  
American Sign Language ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
American Sign ◽  
Production Studies ◽  
Compressed Speech ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Normal Speed ◽  
Visual Reception ◽  
Substantial Drop

Previous research on the visual reception of fingerspelled English suggests that communication rates are limited primarily by constraints on production. Studies of artificially accelerated fingerspelling indicate that reception of fingerspelled sentences is highly accurate for rates up to 2 to 3 times those that can be produced naturally. The current paper reports on the results of a comparable study of the reception of American Sign Language (ASL). Fourteen native deaf ASL signers participated in an experiment in which videotaped productions of isolated ASL signs or ASL sentences were presented at normal playback speed and at speeds of 2, 3, 4, and 6 times normal speed. For isolated signs, identification scores decreased from 95% correct to 46% correct across the range of rates that were tested; for sentences, the ability to identify key signs decreased from 88% to 19% over the range of rates tested. The results indicate a breakdown in processing at around 2.5–3 times the normal rate as evidenced both by a substantial drop in intelligibility in this region and by a shift in error patterns away from semantic and toward formational. These results parallel those obtained in previous studies of the intelligibility of the auditory reception of time-compressed speech and the visual reception of accelerated fingerspelling. Taken together, these results suggest a modality-independent upper limit to language processing.

Iconicity in American Sign Language–English translation recognition

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-163
Author(s):  
BENJAMIN ANIBLE
Keyword(s):  
American Sign Language ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
American Sign ◽  
Novice To Expert

abstractReaction times for a translation recognition study are reported where novice to expert English–ASL bilinguals rejected English translation distractors for ASL signs that were related to the correct translations through phonology, semantics, or both form and meaning (diagrammatic iconicity). Imageability ratings of concepts impacted performance in all conditions; when imageability was high, participants showed interference for phonologically related distractors, and when imageability was low participants showed interference for semantically related distractors, regardless of proficiency. For diagrammatically related distractors high imageability caused interference in experts, but low imageability caused interference in novices. These patterns suggest that imageability and diagrammaticity interact with proficiency – experts process diagrammatic related distractors phonologically, but novices process them semantically. This implies that motivated signs are dependent on the entrenchment of language systematicity; rather than decreasing their impact on language processing as proficiency grows, they build on the original benefit conferred by iconic mappings.

SPATIAL, TEMPORAL, AND SEMANTIC MODELS FOR AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE GENERATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR GESTURE GENERATION

2008 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 21-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATT HUENERFAUTH
Keyword(s):  
American Sign Language ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
American Sign ◽  
Communication Signals ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Deaf Adults ◽  
Classifier Predicates ◽  
Prototype Software

Software to generate animations of American Sign Language (ASL) has important accessibility benefits for the significant number of deaf adults with low levels of written language literacy. We have implemented a prototype software system to generate an important subset of ASL phenomena called "classifier predicates," complex and spatially descriptive types of sentences. The output of this prototype system has been evaluated by native ASL signers. Our generator includes several novel models of 3D space, spatial semantics, and temporal coordination motivated by linguistic properties of ASL. These classifier predicates have several similarities to iconic gestures that often co-occur with spoken language; these two phenomena will be compared. This article explores implications of the design of our system for research in multimodal gesture generation systems. A conceptual model of multimodal communication signals is introduced to show how computational linguistic research on ASL relates to the field of multimodal natural language processing.

scholarly journals A Translation System That Converts English Text to American Sign Language Enhanced with Deep Learning Modules

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 5378-5383
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
American Sign Language ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Machine Translation ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
English Text ◽  
Translation System ◽  
American Sign ◽  
Rule Based

A recent surge in interest to create translation systems inclusive of sign languages is engendered by not only the rapid development of various approaches in the field of machine translation, but also the increased awareness of the struggles of the deaf community to comprehend written English. This paper describes the working of SILANT (SIgn LANguage Translator), a machine translation system that converts English to American Sign Language (ASL) using the principles of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Deep Learning. The translation of English text is based on transformational rules which generates an intermediate representation which in turn spawns appropriate ASL animations. Although this kind of rule-based translation is notorious for being an accurate yet narrow approach, in this system, we broaden the scope of the translation using a synonym network and paraphrasing module which implements deep learning algorithms. In doing so, we are able to achieve both the accuracy of a rule-based approach and the scale of a deep learning one.

Spatial and temporal dynamics of lexico-semantic processing in American Sign Language

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Leonard ◽  
N. Ferjan Ramirez ◽  
C. Torres ◽  
M. Hatrak ◽  
R. Mayberry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
American Sign Language ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
American Sign ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics

Patient Health Questionnaire-9--American Sign Language Version

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Pertz ◽  
Missy Plegue ◽  
Kathleen Diehl ◽  
Philip Zazove ◽  
Michael McKee
Keyword(s):  
American Sign Language ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
American Sign ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Language Version ◽  
Patient Health
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